Add Dev Container configuration for GitHub Codespaces

.devcontainer/Dockerfile

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+# Use the official Python image from the Docker Hub
+FROM python:3.9-slim
+
+# Avoid warnings by switching to noninteractive
+ENV DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
+
+# This Dockerfile adds a non-root 'vscode' user with sudo access. However, for Codespaces, the user
+# name should be 'codespace'. Update USER_UID and USER_GID if you're planning to use this Dockerfile
+# for non-Codespace environments.
+ARG USERNAME=codespace
+ARG USER_UID=1000
+ARG USER_GID=$USER_UID
+
+# Create the user
+RUN groupadd --gid $USER_GID $USERNAME \
+    && useradd --uid $USER_UID --gid $USER_GID -m $USERNAME \
+    # [Optional] Add sudo support. Omit if you don't need to install software after connecting.
+    && apt-get update \
+    && apt-get install -y sudo \
+    && echo $USERNAME ALL=\(root\) NOPASSWD:ALL > /etc/sudoers.d/$USERNAME \
+    && chmod 0440 /etc/sudoers.d/$USERNAME \
+    # Clean up
+    && apt-get autoremove -y \
+    && apt-get clean -y \
+    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
+
+# Switch back to dialog for any ad-hoc use of apt-get
+ENV DEBIAN_FRONTEND=dialog
+
+# Set the default user
+USER $USERNAME

.devcontainer/devcontainer.json

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+{
+    "name": "Python 3",
+    "build": {
+      "dockerfile": "Dockerfile",
+      "context": ".."
+    },
+    "settings": {
+      "terminal.integrated.shell.linux": "/bin/bash"
+    },
+    "extensions": [
+      "ms-python.python",
+      "ms-python.vscode-pylance"
+    ],
+    "forwardPorts": [],
+    "postCreateCommand": "python -m pip install -e .",
+    "remoteUser": "vscode"
+  }
+