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@togakangaroo
togakangaroo committed Jul 22, 2018
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Expand Up @@ -204,19 +204,17 @@ Look at [[https://glossarytech.com/terms/software_architecture/page2][Glossary T
| Elm | Programming language used as an alternative to javascript for writing web applications. Transpiles to javascript but bears little similarity, is functional with an advanced type system more closely remembling Haskell. |
| R | Programming language used frequently in data processing, analysis, and visualization. Supports easy denotation of mathematical operations and working with sets fo data. Often used with the R-studio software. |
| Mathematica | A programming language and IDE software used frequently in data science and analysis work. Invented and developed by Stephen Wolfram and is proprietary. |
| Ruby | Established, object-oriented, dynamicly typed programming language written to optimize for "developer happiness". Used for scripting and web development Ruby on Rails is by far the most popular framework in use. |
| Erlang | Established functional programming language developed for programming network switches. Focuses on modeling things as a cluster of actors. Can be hot-patched, spread among multiple machines, and parallelized easily. |
| Elixir | A functional, strongly typed programming language joining the lightweight syntax of Ruby with the powerful programming model of Erlang. |
| Phoenix | A web framework for Elixir that is based in concept on Ruby on Rails. The underlying tech is very different however, supports parallelization and has seen incredible preformance compared to other platforms. |
| COBOL | An older proecedural programming language that runs largely on old mainframe computers. Considered an ugly and difficult language but can pay well as a career due to many programs and limited developers working in it. |
| Lisp | Older functional dynamicly typed programming language still in occasional use today. Proginator of many other languages. Structures code as a set of s-expressions. Focuses on metaprogramming, code that generates code. |
| Python | Established dynamicly typed scripting language. Attempts to omptimize for consistency and productivity. Has a massive set of community libraries especially in data science and Machine Learning. |
| Java | Open source language and runtime. A strongly typed, class-based, relatively verbose language. Very popular since the mid 90s. Trademark and implementation now owned by Oracle. Sometimes used interchangeably with JVM. |
| C# | Flagship programming language of Microsoft. A strongly typed, class-based, relatively verbo selanguage. Started as a clone of Java but has gradually incorporated powerful features from other languages. |
| Visual Basic .Net | Language closely related to c#. Runs similarly and can do most c# things but with a visual basic syntax. In some ways a misguided attempt to make a language that is easier to learn by being more verbose. |
| Clojure | Open source language that runs on the JVM and interoperates natively with Java. Syntactically a form of Lisp, it is dynamicly typed functional, and focused on metaprogramming. |
| Kotlin | Programming language created by Jetbrains for the JVM. It is strongly typed with a focus on readable, minimal syntax and adding a thoughtfully curated set of features from other languages. |
| Objective-C | Strongly typed, relatively verbose programming language used in iOS development. |
| Objective-C | Strongly typed, relatively verbose programming language used primarily in iOS development. |
| C | Relatively simple low level language that is commonly used in working directly with devices or in areas where heavy manual optimization is required. Used in core parts of operating systems, web browsers, game engines. |
| C++ | Programming language that evolved C by adding a class system. Used in many places where C is used as well as for application development. A proginator of c#, Java, Objective-C, and many other languages. |
| Haskell | Functional programming language mostly used academically. Has an extremely robust type system that can be used to mathematically prove code free of certain types of errors. Focuses also on controlling side-effects. |
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| Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) | System created in the 90s for allowing users to control what their web documents will look like when appearing in browsers. Composed of a secondary document of "display suggestions" for different elements. |
| Scalable Vector Graphic (SVG) | Popular format for raster images. Similar in style to HTML but focused on drawing line images. Can be used in many places with HTML and CSS to provide drawings, animations, and effects. |
| Powershell | Programming language used in scripting of Windows systems. Dynamically typed with full access to the .Net runtime and focus on being accessible. Commonly used for system administration and automation. |
| Perl | |
| Swift | |
| Prolog | |
| PHP | |
| Ruby | |
| Ruby on Rails | |
| ActiveRecord | |
| Rake | |
| gem | |
| Perl | Family of dynamically typed programming languages that saw heavy use in Linux system scripting in the 90s and early 2000s. New version Perl 6 is very different. Know for its terse style, difficult for beginners to read. |
| Swift | A strongly typed, popular programming language created by Apple. Initially created as an alternative to Objective-C for iOS development, now being used elsewhere. Known for being elegant with poweful low-level features. |
| Prolog | A logic programming language used often as a rules engine. Can evaluate a series of preprogrammed true statements about a system to answer questions about it. |
| PHP | A dynamically typed, class-based language prevalent in the development of server-side web applications. Often mocked for being confusing and inconsistent yet runs much of the world's most popular web software. |
| Ruby | Established, object-oriented, dynamicly typed programming language written to optimize for "developer happiness". Used for scripting and web development Ruby on Rails is by far the most popular framework in use. |
| Ruby on Rails | Popular web framework used by Ruby developers. Developed in the mid 2000s and influenced many subsequent web frameworks with ideas of convention over configuration and making working with REST simple. |
| ActiveRecord | ORM library for working with and managing a database often used in Ruby. Integrates tightly with Ruby on Rails. Occasionally criticized for the limitations it imposes on data models using it. |
| Rake | Build system used in the Ruby ecosystem. Used to express the order in which different scripting tasks must occur. |
| gem | Library stored in the centeral Ruby package manager. Many Ruby programs stitch together many gems to create complex applications. |
| rvm | |
| Python | |
| Python | Established dynamicly typed scripting language. Attempts to omptimize for consistency and productivity. Has a massive set of community libraries especially in data science and Machine Learning. |
| Django | |
| Flask | |
| Pypi | |
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