chore(deps): Update sphinx requirement from <8.0.0 to <9.0.0 in /doc

[dependabot]

Updates the requirements on sphinx to permit the latest version.

Release notes

Sourced from sphinx's releases.

Sphinx 8.1.3

Changelog: https://www.sphinx-doc.org/en/master/changes/8.1.html

Bugs fixed

• #13013: Restore support for cut_lines() with no object type. Patch by Adam Turner.

Changelog

Sourced from sphinx's changelog.

Release 8.1.3 (released Oct 13, 2024)

Bugs fixed

• #13013: Restore support for :func:!cut_lines with no object type. Patch by Adam Turner.

Release 8.1.2 (released Oct 12, 2024)

Bugs fixed

• #13012: Expose :exc:sphinx.errors.ExtensionError in sphinx.util for backwards compatibility. This will be removed in Sphinx 9, as exposing the exception in sphinx.util was never intentional. :exc:!ExtensionError has been part of sphinx.errors since Sphinx 0.9. Patch by Adam Turner.

Release 8.1.1 (released Oct 11, 2024)

Bugs fixed

• #13006: Use the preferred https://www.cve.org/ URL for the :rst:role::cve: <cve> role. Patch by Hugo van Kemenade.
• #13007: LaTeX: Improve resiliency when the required fontawesome or fontawesome5 packages are not installed. Patch by Jean-François B.

Release 8.1.0 (released Oct 10, 2024)

Dependencies

• #12756: Add lower-bounds to the sphinxcontrib-* dependencies. Patch by Adam Turner.
• #12833: Update the LaTeX parskip package from 2001 to 2018. Patch by Jean-François B.

Incompatible changes

• #12763: Remove unused internal class sphinx.util.Tee.

... (truncated)

Commits

• a1510de Bump to 8.1.3 final
• 62e9606 Restore support for cut_lines() with no object type (#13015)
• 5ae32ce Bump version
• a72b47b Bump to 8.1.2 final
• 39a45ad Expose ExtensionError in sphinx.util for backwards compatibility.
• 5a4859a Add docs about sphinx-autobuild (#13011)
• 05679ef Type-check the 'autodoc_intenum' example (#12827)
• 86d1d31 Prune CHANGES of unneeded sections
• b6269d3 Improve documentation for the Builder API (#13008)
• c46abc4 Improve clarity for master_doc and root_doc
• Additional commits viewable in compare view

Dependabot will resolve any conflicts with this PR as long as you don't alter it yourself. You can also trigger a rebase manually by commenting @dependabot rebase.

---

Dependabot commands and options

You can trigger Dependabot actions by commenting on this PR:

• @dependabot rebase will rebase this PR
• @dependabot recreate will recreate this PR, overwriting any edits that have been made to it
• @dependabot merge will merge this PR after your CI passes on it
• @dependabot squash and merge will squash and merge this PR after your CI passes on it
• @dependabot cancel merge will cancel a previously requested merge and block automerging
• @dependabot reopen will reopen this PR if it is closed
• @dependabot close will close this PR and stop Dependabot recreating it. You can achieve the same result by closing it manually
• @dependabot show <dependency name> ignore conditions will show all of the ignore conditions of the specified dependency
• @dependabot ignore this major version will close this PR and stop Dependabot creating any more for this major version (unless you reopen the PR or upgrade to it yourself)
• @dependabot ignore this minor version will close this PR and stop Dependabot creating any more for this minor version (unless you reopen the PR or upgrade to it yourself)
• @dependabot ignore this dependency will close this PR and stop Dependabot creating any more for this dependency (unless you reopen the PR or upgrade to it yourself)

[dependabot]

OK, I won't notify you again about this release, but will get in touch when a new version is available. If you'd rather skip all updates until the next major or minor version, let me know by commenting @dependabot ignore this major version or @dependabot ignore this minor version. You can also ignore all major, minor, or patch releases for a dependency by adding an ignore condition with the desired update_types to your config file.

If you change your mind, just re-open this PR and I'll resolve any conflicts on it.