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# Documentaion on Computer Networks: | ||
![image](https://github.com/SnowScriptWinterOfCode/Technical_Writing/assets/103628960/fca7a978-944e-4fc5-a3d6-5f2562a59475) | ||
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# Introduction to Computer Networks: | ||
![image](https://github.com/SnowScriptWinterOfCode/Technical_Writing/assets/103628960/a2951574-222e-4b79-b73a-d3b2087a905f) | ||
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A computer network is a set of interconnected computers that communicate with each other to share resources and information. These networks can be as small as a local network within an office or as vast as the global internet. The primary goal of computer networks is to enable seamless communication and resource sharing among connected devices. | ||
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# Importance of Computer Networks: | ||
![image](https://github.com/SnowScriptWinterOfCode/Technical_Writing/assets/103628960/d9023ca5-c3a2-4dc6-8e90-b4f2b9b098cd) | ||
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**Resource Sharing:** Networks allow the sharing of resources such as files, printers, and internet connections among connected devices. This promotes efficiency and reduces the need for redundant equipment. | ||
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**Communication:** Networks facilitate communication through various means, including email, instant messaging, video conferencing, and collaborative tools. This improves information flow and enhances collaboration in both personal and professional settings. | ||
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**Remote Access:** Computer networks enable remote access to resources, allowing users to connect to a network from different locations. This is especially crucial in today's globalized and remote work environments. | ||
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**Data Storage and Retrieval:** Networks provide a platform for centralized data storage, making it easier to manage and retrieve information. Cloud computing, a form of networked computing, extends this capability to a global scale. | ||
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**Internet Connectivity:** The internet itself is a vast global network connecting millions of devices worldwide. It serves as a platform for information exchange, online services, e-commerce, and much more. | ||
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# Types of Computer Networks: | ||
![image](https://github.com/SnowScriptWinterOfCode/Technical_Writing/assets/103628960/aa86ec33-6f12-42a5-abd3-265f659721dc) | ||
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**Local Area Network (LAN):** A LAN is a network that spans a small geographic area, such as an office, building, or campus. Devices in a LAN can communicate directly with each other at high speeds. | ||
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**Wide Area Network (WAN):** WANs cover a larger geographic area, often connecting multiple LANs across cities, countries, or continents. The internet is the most prominent example of a global WAN. | ||
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**Metropolitan Area Network (MAN):** MANs fall between LANs and WANs in terms of geographic coverage. They typically cover a larger city or a metropolitan area and are designed to connect multiple LANs. | ||
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**Personal Area Network (PAN):** A PAN is a small network for personal devices, typically within the range of an individual person, such as connecting a smartphone to a laptop via Bluetooth. | ||
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**Wireless LAN (WLAN):** WLANs use wireless communication technologies, such as Wi-Fi, to connect devices within a specific geographic area without the need for physical cables. | ||
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# Important Concepts in Computer Networks: | ||
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**Protocols:** Protocols define the rules and conventions for communication between devices in a network. Examples include TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) for the internet. | ||
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**IP Addressing:** IP addresses uniquely identify devices on a network. IPv4 (32-bit) and IPv6 (128-bit) are the two main versions of the IP protocol. | ||
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**Routing:** Routing involves the process of forwarding data packets between devices on a network. Routers play a crucial role in determining the most efficient path for data transmission. | ||
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**Switching:** Switching involves the forwarding of data within a network. Ethernet switches, for example, operate at the data link layer and help direct data to its intended destination within a LAN. | ||
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**Firewalls:** Firewalls are security devices that monitor and control incoming and outgoing network traffic. They serve to protect networks from unauthorized access and cyber threats. | ||
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**Bandwidth and Latency:** Bandwidth refers to the maximum data transfer rate in a network, while latency is the time it takes for data to travel from the source to the destination. Both are critical for network performance. | ||
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**Client-Server Architecture:** In this model, devices on a network either act as clients requesting services or as servers providing services. This architecture is common in web-based applications. | ||
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Understanding these concepts is essential for designing, implementing, and maintaining effective computer networks, which form the backbone of modern communication and information exchange. |