CI: Use a consistent version of node for most targets

[Jarred-Sumner]

What does this PR do?

• Documentation or TypeScript types (it's okay to leave the rest blank in this case)
• Code changes

How did you verify your code works?

[robobun]

^{Updated 6:31 AM PT - Dec 15th, 2024}

❌ @Jarred-Sumner, your commit 11a95d2 has 11 failures in #8022:

• test/js/node/fs/fs.test.ts - timeout on 🪟 2019 x64-baseline
• test/js/bun/http/serve-body-leak.test.ts - 1 failing on 🪟 2019 x64-baseline
• test/js/bun/http/serve-body-leak.test.ts - 1 failing on 🪟 2019 x64
• test/js/bun/shell/leak.test.ts - 1 failing on 🐧 12 x64-baseline
• test/js/bun/spawn/spawn-streaming-stdin.test.ts - 1 failing on 🐧 12 x64-baseline
• test/js/node/zlib/leak.test.ts - timeout on 🐧 20.04 aarch64
• test/cli/install/registry/bun-install-registry.test.ts - timeout on 🐧 3.20 x64
• test/cli/install/registry/bun-install-registry.test.ts - timeout on 🐧 22.04 aarch64
• test/cli/install/registry/bun-install-registry.test.ts - timeout on 🐧 24.04 aarch64
• test/cli/install/registry/bun-install-registry.test.ts - timeout on 🐧 24.04 x64
• test/cli/install/registry/bun-install-registry.test.ts - timeout on 🐧 22.04 x64-baseline
• test/js/node/test/parallel/test-worker-process-exit-async-module.js - code 1 on 🐧 24.04 aarch64
• test/js/node/test/parallel/test-worker-process-exit-async-module.js - code 1 on 🐧 22.04 x64
• test/integration/next-pages/test/next-build.test.ts - 1 failing on 🐧 3.20 x64-baseline
• test/integration/next-pages/test/next-build.test.ts - 1 failing on 🐧 22.04 aarch64
• test/integration/next-pages/test/next-build.test.ts - 1 failing on 🐧 24.04 aarch64
• test/v8/v8.test.ts - 22 failing on 🐧 3.20 aarch64
• test/v8/v8.test.ts - 22 failing on 🐧 3.20 x64
• test/v8/v8.test.ts - 22 failing on 🐧 3.20 x64-baseline
• test/js/bun/http/serve.test.ts - 2 failing on 🍎 14 x64
• test/js/bun/http/serve.test.ts - 2 failing on 🍎 13 x64
• test/cli/run/require-cache.test.ts - 1 failing on 🍎 14 x64
• test/cli/run/require-cache.test.ts - 1 failing on 🍎 13 x64
• test/cli/run/require-cache.test.ts - 1 failing on 🐧 3.20 x64
• test/cli/run/require-cache.test.ts - 1 failing on 🐧 24.04 x64-baseline

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🧪   try this PR locally:

bunx bun-pr 15776