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victorlin committed Dec 12, 2024
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Expand Up @@ -7,104 +7,115 @@ sidebarTitle: "Notable changes in Auspice"

The Nextstrain team continues to improve the visualisation capabilities of
Auspice, including new features, bug fixes and performance improvements. This
year we've released 18 versions and wanted to highlight some of the significant
changes.
year, we've released 19 versions and wanted to highlight some of the
significant changes.

<!--
number of git tags in 2024 (generated by GitHub Copilot):
git tag --list --format='%(creatordate:short)' | grep '^2024' | wc -l
-->

## Table of contents

- [Focus on Selected](#focus-on-selected)
- [View in Other Platforms](#view-in-other-platforms)
- [Performance improvements](#performance-improvements)
- [Conveying confidence of tips through saturation](#conveying-confidence-of-tips-through-saturation)
- [Filtering on all metadata](#filtering-on-all-metadata)
- [Full changelog](#full-changelog)

## Focus on Selected

When viewing large phylogenetic trees with a sparse filter, it can be difficult
to really see and understand the selected tips as they occupy a minority of the
vertical space available. For example, [filtering the SARS-CoV-2 global 6m view
to one of the earliest clades, 20I
(Alpha)](https://nextstrain.org/ncov/gisaid/global/6m@2024-10-30?d=tree&f_clade_membership=20I%20%28Alpha%29&p=full):
vertical space available. Enabling **Focus on Selected** allows the selected
tips to take up more vertical space compared to other tips. For example,
[filtering the SARS-CoV-2 global 6m view to one of the earliest clades, 20I
(Alpha)](https://nextstrain.org/ncov/gisaid/global/6m@2024-12-10?d=tree&f_clade_membership=20I%20%28Alpha%29&p=full):

[![Focus on Selected example](/blog/img/focus-on-selected-example.png)]()

Enabling "Focus on Selected" allows the selected tips to take up more vertical
space compared to other tips. You can toggle this focus on/off in the sidebar:
You can toggle this focus on/off in the sidebar:

[![Focus on Selected toggle](/blog/img/focus-on-selected-toggle.png)]()

We [plan](https://github.com/nextstrain/auspice/issues/1368) to continue
exploring better ways to understand sets of sequences in the context of the
larger tree, initially by better use of the horizontal axis which should help
for early clades in the tree such as 20I/Alpha above.
for early clades in the tree such as 20I (Alpha).

## View in Other Platforms

Interoperability between platforms is something we've been big proponents of
(and are part of [PH4GE](https://pha4ge.org/) to help support this), and for
many years there's been [the ability to view HTTPS-addressable JSONs within
Nextstrain.org](http://nextstrain.org), for instance viewing
[UShER](https://genome.ucsc.edu/cgi-bin/hgPhyloPlace) (sub)trees within
Nextstrain.
Interoperability between platforms is something we've been big proponents of,
and are part of [PH4GE](https://pha4ge.org/) to help support this. For many
years, Nextstrain.org has supported [fetching](https://nextstrain.org/fetch)
HTTPS-addressable Auspice JSONs.
[UShER](https://genome.ucsc.edu/cgi-bin/hgPhyloPlace) uses this feature to link
to Auspice views for subtrees.

Other platforms have developed a similar approach to access Nextstrain datasets,
often using our RESTful API. When viewing datasets in Nextstrain you can switch
over to other supported platforms via the new "view in other platforms" button
at the bottom of the page:
Other platforms have developed a similar approach to access Auspice datasets,
often using our RESTful API. When viewing datasets in Nextstrain, you can switch
to supported platforms via the new **VIEW IN OTHER PLATFORMS** button at the
bottom of the page:

[![View in Other Platforms button](/blog/img/view-in-other-platforms.png)]()

There are currently three supported platforms:

- [Taxonium](https://taxonium.org) (added in v2.53), which scales very well to
large datasets
- [Taxonium](https://taxonium.org) (added in v2.53) – scales well to large
datasets.

- [MicrobeTrace](https://microbetrace.cdc.gov) (CDC) (added in v2.53)
- [MicrobeTrace](https://microbetrace.cdc.gov) by US CDC (added in v2.53)

- [Nextclade](https://clades.nextstrain.org/) (added in v2.54), which allows you
to add your own sequences (in-browser) to the current tree. Certain
requirements must be met for this to work as expected, such as the
root-sequence being defined for the dataset. You may get more reliable results
using the manually curated reference Nextclade datasets, so please double
check results against those.
- [Nextclade](https://clades.nextstrain.org/) (added in v2.54) – allows you to
add your own sequences (in-browser) to the current tree. Certain requirements
must be met for this to work as expected, such as the root-sequence being
defined for the dataset. You may get more reliable results using the manually
curated reference Nextclade datasets, so please double check results against
those.

[![View in Nextclade preview](/blog/img/view-in-nextclade.png)]()

## Performance improvements

As sequencing becomes more routine the number of samples people construct trees
with has tended to increase as well. Performance in Auspice tends to slow down
for big trees (drawing them scales with the number of nodes), diverse genomes
(calculating entropy scales with the number of observed mutations) and diverse
metadata and geographic spread (the map complexity scales with number of
metadata categories x number of locations).

We've made small steps towards improving performance in Auspice recently
([version 2.60.0](https://github.com/nextstrain/auspice/releases/tag/v2.60.0)).
Specifically we [skip entropy
calculations](https://github.com/nextstrain/auspice/pull/1879) when the panel is
off-screen / not rendered, and we [don't animate tree operations for trees with
over 4,000 tips](https://github.com/nextstrain/auspice/pull/1880). These changes
should result in a more responsive feel, especially as the dataset size
increases.
As sequencing becomes more routine, the number of samples used in trees has also
increased. Performance in Auspice tends to slow down for big trees (drawing them
scales with the number of nodes), diverse genomes (calculating entropy scales
with the number of observed mutations) and diverse metadata and geographic
spread (the map complexity scales with number of color-by categories and number
of locations).

## Other features
We've made [small
steps](https://github.com/nextstrain/auspice/releases/tag/v2.60.0) towards
improving performance in Auspice. Specifically, [entropy calculations are now
skipped](https://github.com/nextstrain/auspice/pull/1879) when the panel is
off-screen or not rendered, and [animations are now disabled for operations on
trees with over 4,000 tips](https://github.com/nextstrain/auspice/pull/1880).
These changes should result in a more responsive feel, especially on large
datasets.

### Conveying confidence of tips through saturation (version 2.56)
## Conveying confidence of tips through saturation

We've long used desaturation to convey (lack of) confidence in inferred metadata
for branches and we now do the same for tips (circles) on the tree. If there is
no (or very little) uncertainty in these nodes then the tips will appear the
same as seen in previous versions of Auspice. For example we use this in [the
current H5N1
for branches, and we now do the same for tips. Tips with high confidence will
still appear the same as in previous versions of Auspice. We are actively using
this in the [H5N1
cattle-outbreak](http://nextstrain.org/avian-flu/h5n1-cattle-outbreak/genome@2024-11-15?c=division)
where geographic metadata is not available for many tips:
dataset where many tips lack geographic metadata:

[![Confidence through saturation](/blog/img/confidence-through-saturation.png)]()

### Filtering on all metadata (v2.52.0)
## Filtering on all metadata

All non-continuous metadata defined across the tree -- i.e. all data within
node.node_attrs -- is now available as options in the "Filter Data" sidebar.
Combined with the "focus on selected" toggle described above this provides a
powerful way to explore subsets of data in context.
All categorical metadata available for the tree – i.e. all data within
`node.node_attrs` – are now available as options for **Filter Data**. Combined
with the **Focus on Selected** toggle [described above](#focus-on-selected),
this provides a powerful way to explore subsets of data.

[![Filter on all metadata](/blog/img/filter-on-metadata.png)]()

## Full changelog

Please see the
[changelog](https://github.com/nextstrain/auspice/blob/master/CHANGELOG.md) for
a complete summary of all changes, bugfixes etc.
[changelog](https://github.com/nextstrain/auspice/blob/-/CHANGELOG.md) for a
complete summary of all changes.

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