topicdoc

Like a (good) doctor, the goal of topicdoc is to help diagnose issues with your topic models through a variety of different diagnostics and metrics. There are a lot of great R packages for fitting topic models, but not a lot that help evaluate their fit. This package seeks to fill that void with functions that easily allow you to run those diagnostics/metrics efficiently on a variety of topic models.

Currently, only topic models from the topicmodels library are supported. However, I’m targeting those from the stm library next.

Installation

You can install the CRAN version of topicdoc with:

install.packages("topicdoc")

You can install the development version of topicdoc from Github with:

remotes::install_github("doug-friedman/topicdoc")

Example

This is a simple use case - using an LDA model with the Associated Press Dataset in topicmodels which is made up of AP articles from 1988.

library(topicdoc)
library(topicmodels)

data("AssociatedPress")
lda_ap4 <- LDA(AssociatedPress,
               control = list(seed = 33), k = 4)

# See the top 10 terms associated with each of the topics
terms(lda_ap4, 10)
#>       Topic 1  Topic 2   Topic 3     Topic 4     
#>  [1,] "i"      "percent" "bush"      "soviet"    
#>  [2,] "people" "million" "i"         "government"
#>  [3,] "two"    "year"    "president" "united"    
#>  [4,] "police" "billion" "court"     "president" 
#>  [5,] "years"  "new"     "federal"   "people"    
#>  [6,] "new"    "market"  "new"       "police"    
#>  [7,] "city"   "company" "house"     "military"  
#>  [8,] "time"   "prices"  "state"     "states"    
#>  [9,] "three"  "stock"   "dukakis"   "party"     
#> [10,] "like"   "last"    "campaign"  "two"

# Calculate all diagnostics for each topic in the topic model
diag_df <- topic_diagnostics(lda_ap4, AssociatedPress)
diag_df
#>   topic_num topic_size mean_token_length dist_from_corpus tf_df_dist
#> 1         1   3476.377               4.1        0.3899012   24.08191
#> 2         2   1910.153               5.6        0.5044673   26.67523
#> 3         3   2504.622               5.4        0.3830014   26.46131
#> 4         4   2581.848               6.5        0.3988826   25.52163
#>   doc_prominence topic_coherence topic_exclusivity
#> 1           1053       -81.83339          7.813034
#> 2            598       -79.50691          9.560433
#> 3            783      -106.40062          9.162590
#> 4            775       -84.46149          9.058854

# ...or calculate them individually
topic_size(lda_ap4)
#> [1] 3476.377 1910.153 2504.622 2581.848

It’s a lot easier to interpret the output if you put it all together in a nice plot.

library(ggplot2)
library(dplyr, warn.conflicts = F)
library(tidyr)
library(stringr)

diag_df <- diag_df %>%
  mutate(topic_label = terms(lda_ap4, 5) %>%
           apply(2, paste, collapse = ", "),
         topic_label = paste(topic_num, topic_label, sep = " - "))

diag_df %>% 
  gather(diagnostic, value, -topic_label, -topic_num) %>%
  ggplot(aes(x = topic_num, y = value,
             fill = str_wrap(topic_label, 25))) +
  geom_bar(stat = "identity") +
  facet_wrap(~diagnostic, scales = "free") +
  labs(x = "Topic Number", y = "Diagnostic Value",
       fill = "Topic Label", title = "All Topic Model Diagnostics")

These diagnostics help provide a more rigorous confirmation of our intuition about identifying “good” versus “bad” topics in a topic model.

Almost, immediately you’d deduce that Topic 1 looks odd as it contains a lot of generic words (e.g. “two”, “three”, “like”). Using the diagnostics provided, you can see that Topic 1 has the largest topic size and highest document prominence indicating that it’s incorporating many more tokens and documents than the others. The low TF/DF distance and exclusivity confirm our susipicion about the generic nature of the topic.

Alternatively, you can see that Topic 2 - the one centered around financial news - is the most coherent and exclusive topic.

Diagnostics/Metrics Included

Diagnostic/Metric	Function	Description
topic size	topic_size	Total (weighted) number of tokens per topic
mean token length	mean_token_length	Average number of characters for the top tokens per topic
distance from corpus distribution	dist_from_corpus	Distance of a topic’s token distribution from the overall corpus token distribution
distance between token and document frequencies	tf_df_dist	Distance between a topic’s token and document distributions
document prominence	doc_prominence	Number of unique documents where a topic appears
topic coherence	topic_coherence	Measure of how often the top tokens in each topic appear together in the same document
topic exclusivity	topic_exclusivity	Measure of how unique the top tokens in each topic are compared to the other topics

Key References

The following documents provide key references for the diagnostics/metrics included in the package.

• Jordan Boyd-Graber, David Mimno, and David Newman, 2014. Care and Feeding of Topic Models: Problems, Diagnostics, and Improvements. CRC Handbooks of Modern Statistical Methods. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida.
• MALLET Topic Model Diagnostics