[Backport to v1.5.latest] Restrict protobuf < 5 in v1.5.x branch for adapters

[niteshy]

resolves #9830 in v1.5.x branch

Problem

Currently in production, dbt-core v1.5.10 are using protobuf > 5.x versions ie 5.26.0 which is not compatible with dbt-core as mentioned in #9630. Even though the backports are done for it, but not in the setup.py. Which results into adapter installing protobuf > 5

Solution

Restrict the protobuf in setup.py

Checklist

• [ x] I have read the contributing guide and understand what's expected of me
• I have run this code in development and it appears to resolve the stated issue
• This PR includes tests, or tests are not required/relevant for this PR
• This PR has no interface changes (e.g. macros, cli, logs, json artifacts, config files, adapter interface, etc) or this PR has already received feedback and approval from Product or DX
• This PR includes type annotations for new and modified functions

[github-actions]

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[wiz-inc-266a8a9c32]

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[dbeatty10]

Thank you for raising this @niteshy !

Since this is covered by #9708 now, I'm going to close this PR.

Thanks again for your help alerting about this issue and identifying the fix 🏆