Test case for merge_exclude_columns

[dbeatty10]

resolves #8267

Problem

The source code here doesn't include TestMergeExcludeColumns like dbt-snowflake does here or dbt-redshift does here.

This is because merge wasn't a supported incremental strategy for dbt-postgres until 1.6 and adding relevant functional tests was overlooked during implementation in #6951.

The other related test cases have a class that pytest will pick up:

• dbt-core/tests/functional/adapter/incremental/test_incremental_unique_id.py

  Line 566 in db69473

  class TestIncrementalUniqueKey(BaseIncrementalUniqueKey):

• dbt-core/tests/functional/adapter/incremental/test_incremental_predicates.py

  Line 144 in db69473

  class TestIncrementalPredicatesDeleteInsert(BaseIncrementalPredicates):

• dbt-core/tests/functional/adapter/incremental/test_incremental_on_schema_change.py

  Line 99 in db69473

  class TestIncrementalOnSchemaChange(BaseIncrementalOnSchemaChange):

Solution

Implement a test case that pytest will pick up (namely a class that begins with "Test").

Prerequisites

In order for this PR to work, it needs this:

• [CT-2914] [Feature] Use PostgreSQL 15 for CI tests #8286

Checklist

• I have read the contributing guide and understand what's expected of me
• I have run this code in development and it appears to resolve the stated issue
• This PR includes tests, or tests are not required/relevant for this PR
• This PR has no interface changes (e.g. macros, cli, logs, json artifacts, config files, adapter interface, etc)

[codecov]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 89.00%. Comparing base (db69473) to head (fbd7476).
Report is 6 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main    #8268      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   88.97%   89.00%   +0.03%     
==========================================
  Files         181      181              
  Lines       22956    22956              
==========================================
+ Hits        20424    20431       +7     
+ Misses       2532     2525       -7     

Flag	Coverage Δ
integration	86.17% <ø> (+0.03%)	⬆️
unit	62.44% <ø> (ø)

Flags with carried forward coverage won't be shown. Click here to find out more.

Components	Coverage Δ
Unit Tests	62.44% <ø> (ø)
Integration Tests	86.17% <ø> (+0.03%)	⬆️

[github-actions]

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