gha: add correlation-id job to installer workflow

We want to keep track of something unique to the trigger-event (that
is the same across all actions triggered by that event that particular
time). Given that an event triggered a chain of workflows, first
workflow in the chain can access the trigger event, but later
workflows can't. Saving a correlation-id as artifact will help us keep
track of that.

.github/workflows/windows-installer.yml

@@ -4,7 +4,27 @@ on:
     branches:
       - "main"
   pull_request: {}
+
 jobs:
+  save-correlation-id:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+
+    steps:
+
+      - name: Save the ID number in an artifact
+        shell: bash
+        env:
+          ID: ${{ github.sha }}
+        run: echo $ID > id.txt
+
+      - name: Upload the ID number
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
+        with:
+          name: id
+          path: ./id.txt
+
   build:
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
     strategy: