Bump github.com/prometheus/prometheus from 0.47.2-0.20231009162353-f6d9c84fde6b to 0.48.0-rc.2 #8024

Job	Run time
lint	24m 14s
build	3m 43s
test	39m 0s
integration (requires_docker)	4m 57s
integration-configs-db	3m 21s
integration (integration_alertmanager)	3m 54s
integration (integration_backward_compatibility)	9m 5s
integration (integration_memberlist)	7m 19s
integration (integration_querier)	19m 46s
integration (integration_ruler)	6m 12s
integration (integration_query_fuzz)	3m 10s
deploy	0s
deploy_website	0s
	2h 4m 41s

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