Upgrade prometheus to latest main (#5593) #7862

Job	Run time
build	7m 53s
test	29m 15s
lint	6m 46s
integration (requires_docker)	6m 53s
integration-configs-db	3m 26s
integration (integration_alertmanager)	5m 58s
integration (integration_backward_compatibility)	10m 39s
integration (integration_memberlist)	8m 15s
integration (integration_querier)	14m 34s
integration (integration_ruler)	4m 44s
integration (integration_query_fuzz)	2m 47s
deploy_website	1m 21s
deploy	2m 46s
	1h 45m 17s

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