[PM-5346] Implement password strength

[Hinton]

Type of change

- [ ] Bug fix
- [x] New feature development
- [ ] Tech debt (refactoring, code cleanup, dependency upgrades, etc)
- [ ] Build/deploy pipeline (DevOps)
- [ ] Other

Objective

Break up password.rs into a module for clarity. Implement password strength along test cases that are replicated in the clients codebase.

Before you submit

• Please add unit tests where it makes sense to do so

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: 6 lines in your changes are missing coverage. Please review.

Comparison is base (719f7e8) 48.60% compared to head (0b2b432) 49.45%.
Report is 2 commits behind head on main.

❗ Current head 0b2b432 differs from pull request most recent head 1c9c7c7. Consider uploading reports for the commit 1c9c7c7 to get more accurate results

Files	Patch %	Lines
crates/bitwarden/src/auth/password/validate.rs	92.30%	3 Missing ⚠️
crates/bitwarden/src/auth/password/policy.rs	98.62%	2 Missing ⚠️
crates/bitwarden/src/auth/password/strength.rs	98.59%	1 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main     #489      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   48.60%   49.45%   +0.84%     
==========================================
  Files         152      154       +2     
  Lines        7271     7389     +118     
==========================================
+ Hits         3534     3654     +120     
+ Misses       3737     3735       -2     

☔ View full report in Codecov by Sentry.
📢 Have feedback on the report? Share it here.