feat: Implement Spark-compatible CAST from string to integral types #788

Job	Run time
ubuntu-latest/java 8-spark-3.2/java	46m 52s
ubuntu-latest/java 8-spark-3.4/rust	5m 32s
ubuntu-latest/java 8-spark-3.3/java	47m 17s
macos-14(Silicon)/java 8-spark-3.4/rust	4m 24s
ubuntu-latest/java 8-spark-3.4/java	45m 49s
macos-14(Silicon)/java 8-spark-3.2/java	30m 39s
ubuntu-latest/java 11-spark-3.3/java	49m 27s
macos-14(Silicon)/java 8-spark-3.4/java	34m 31s
ubuntu-latest/java 17-spark-3.4/rust	5m 43s
macos-14(Silicon)/java 17-spark-3.3/java	32m 46s
ubuntu-latest/java 17-spark-3.3/java	44m 46s
ubuntu-latest/java 17-spark-3.4/java	45m 52s
macos-14(Silicon)/java 17-spark-3.4/rust	4m 29s
${{ matrix.os }}/java ${{ matrix.java_version }}-spark-${{ matrix.spark-version }}/${{ matrix.test-target }}	0s
macos-14(Silicon)/java 17-spark-3.4/java	32m 27s
	7h 10m 34s

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