feat: Implement Spark-compatible CAST from string to integral types #749

Job	Run time
ubuntu-latest/java 8-spark-3.2/java	5m 26s
ubuntu-latest/java 8-spark-3.3/java	5m 40s
ubuntu-latest/java 8-spark-3.4/rust	5m 41s
macos-14(Silicon)/java 8-spark-3.2/java	5m 15s
ubuntu-latest/java 11-spark-3.3/java	5m 34s
ubuntu-latest/java 8-spark-3.4/java	5m 11s
macos-14(Silicon)/java 17-spark-3.3/java	6m 20s
macos-14(Silicon)/java 8-spark-3.4/rust	5m 21s
ubuntu-latest/java 17-spark-3.4/rust	5m 53s
ubuntu-latest/java 17-spark-3.4/java	5m 44s
ubuntu-latest/java 17-spark-3.3/java	5m 38s
macos-14(Silicon)/java 8-spark-3.4/java	6m 4s
macos-14(Silicon)/java 17-spark-3.4/rust	4m 36s
macos-14(Silicon)/java 17-spark-3.4/java	5m 6s
${{ matrix.os }}/java ${{ matrix.java_version }}-spark-${{ matrix.spark-version }}/${{ matrix.test-target }}	0s
	1h 17m 29s

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