pay-connector

The GOV.UK Pay Connector in Java (Dropwizard).

API Specification

The Open API Specification provides details on the paths and operations including examples.

View the API specification for connector in Swagger Editor.

Alternatively, docs can be generated using Pay API Docs generator

Environment Variables

Variable	Default	Purpose
AUTH_READ_TIMEOUT_MILLISECONDS	1000	the timeout before the resource responds with an awaited auth response (202), so that frontend can choose to show a spinner and poll for auth response. Supports any duration parsable by dropwizard Duration
SYNCHRONOUS_AUTH_TIMEOUT_IN_MILLISECONDS	10000	the timeout before requests made to the synchronous authorisation API for MOTO payments timeout and the payment is failed
SECURE_WORLDPAY_NOTIFICATION_ENABLED	false	whether to filter incoming notifications by domain; they will be rejected with a 403 unless they match the required domain
SECURE_WORLDPAY_NOTIFICATION_DOMAIN	worldpay.com	incoming requests will have a reverse DNS lookup done on their domain. They must resolve to a domain with this suffix (see DnsUtils.ipMatchesDomain())
NOTIFY_EMAIL_ENABLED	false	Whether confirmation emails will be sent using GOV.UK Notify
NOTIFY_PAYMENT_RECEIPT_EMAIL_TEMPLATE_ID	-	ID of the email template specified in the GOV.UK Notify to be used for sending emails. An email template can accept personalisation (placeholder values which are passed in by the code).
NOTIFY_API_KEY	-	API Key for the account created at GOV.UK Notify
NOTIFY_BASE_URL	https://api.notifications.service.gov.uk	Base URL of GOV.UK Notify API to be used
LEDGER_URL	-	Base URL of Ledger
GDS_CONNECTOR_WORLDPAY_TEST_URL	-	Pointing to the TEST gateway URL of Worldpay payment provider.
GDS_CONNECTOR_WORLDPAY_LIVE_URL	-	Pointing to the LIVE gateway URL of Worldpay payment provider.
WORLDPAY_3DS_FLEX_DDC_TEST_URL	-	Pointing to Worldpay's TEST Device Data Collection URL.
WORLDPAY_3DS_FLEX_DDC_LIVE_URL	-	Pointing to Cardinal Commerce's LIVE Device Data Collection URL.
COLLECT_FEE_FEATURE_FLAG	false	enable or disable collecting fees for the Stripe payment gateway.
SANDBOX_ALLOWED_CIDRS	-	A list of allowed Sandbox CIDRs used for IP firewalling on notifications coming from Sandbox.
STRIPE_ALLOWED_CIDRS	-	A list of allowed Stripe CIDRs used for IP firewalling on notifications coming from Stripe.
STRIPE_TRANSACTION_FEE_PERCENTAGE	-	percentage of total charge amount to recover GOV.UK Pay platform costs.
STRIPE_PLATFORM_ACCOUNT_ID	-	the account ID for the Stripe Connect GOV.UK Pay platform.
DISABLE_INTERNAL_HTTPS	false	disable secure connection for calls to internal APIs
DEFAULT_DO_NOT_RETRY_EMITTING_EVENT_UNTIL_DURATION_IN_SECONDS	7200	Sets the default duration in seconds for events (emitted by parity checker worker) until which the emitted events sweeper ignores to re-emit. Value can be overridden by passing do_not_retry_emit_until query parameter to parity checker worker or historical event emitter tasks
EMIT_PAYOUT_EVENTS	false	enable or disable emitting payout specific events to payment queue
BIND_HOST	127.0.0.1	The IP address for the application to bind to

Queues

Variable	Default	Purpose
AWS_SQS_REGION	-	SQS capture queue region
AWS_SQS_CAPTURE_QUEUE_URL	-	SQS capture queue URL
AWS_SQS_EVENT_QUEUE_URL	-	SQS event queue URL
AWS_SQS_PAYOUT_RECONCILE_QUEUE_URL	-	SQS payout reconcile queue URL
AWS_SQS_NON_STANDARD_SERVICE_ENDPOINT	false	Set to true to use non standard (eg: http://my-own-sqs-endpoint) SQS endpoint
AWS_SQS_ENDPOINT	-	URL that is the entry point for SQS. Only required when AWS_SQS_NON_STANDARD_SERVICE_ENDPOINT is true
AWS_SECRET_KEY	-	Secret key. Only required when AWS_SQS_NON_STANDARD_SERVICE_ENDPOINT is true
AWS_ACCESS_KEY	-	Access key. Only required when AWS_SQS_NON_STANDARD_SERVICE_ENDPOINT is true
AWS_SQS_MESSAGE_MAXIMUM_WAIT_TIME_IN_SECONDS	20	Maximum wait time for long poll message requests to queue.
AWS_SQS_MESSAGE_MAXIMUM_BATCH_SIZE	10	Maximum number of messages that should be received in an individual message batch.

Expunger

Variable	Default	Purpose
EXPUNGE_EXCLUDE_CHARGES_OR_REFUNDS_PARITY_CHECKED_WITHIN_DAYS	7	Exclude charges or refunds from expunging if parity checked within the configured days
EXPUNGE_CHARGES_ENABLED	false	Set to true to enable expunging charges (in expungeable state)
EXPUNGE_NO_OF_CHARGES_PER_TASK_RUN	15000	Number of charges to expunge each time expunge resource endpoint is invoked
EXPUNGE_CHARGES_OLDER_THAN_DAYS	7	Expunge charges older than 7 days (or as configured) based on created date
EXPUNGE_HISTORIC_CHARGE_EXCEPTIONS_OLDER_THAN_DAYS	90	Number of days after which charges in a certain state (ex: CAPTURE_SUBMITTED for charge) can be expunged, even when not in expungeable state
EXPUNGE_REFUNDS_ENABLED	false	Set to true to enable expunging refunds in terminal state
EXPUNGE_NO_OF_REFUNDS_PER_TASK_RUN	1000	Number of refunds to expunge each time expunge resource endpoint is invoked
EXPUNGE_REFUNDS_OLDER_THAN_DAYS	7	Expunge refunds older than 7 days (or as configured) based on created date
EXPUNGE_HISTORIC_REFUND_EXCEPTIONS_OLDER_THAN_DAYS	90	Number of days after which refunds in a certain state (ex: REFUND_SUBMITTED) can be expunged, even when not in terminal state

Background captures

The background capture mechanism will capture all payments in the CAPTURE_APPROVED state that have been published to the SQS queue (AWS_SQS_CAPTURE_QUEUE_URL).

A background thread managed by dropwizard runs on all connector nodes. It polls the SQS capture queue to retrieve the list of charges that are waiting to be captured.

If a capture attempt fails it will be retried again after a specified delay (CAPTURE_PROCESS_FAILED_CAPTURE_RETRY_DELAY_IN_SECONDS). It is achieved by setting up the visibility timeout with the delay value which prevents consumers from receiving the message. After this timeout the message becomes visible for consumers again. More information of how the visibility timeout works can be found here.

The following variables control the background process:

Variable	Default	Purpose
BACKGROUND_PROCESSING_ENABLED	true	enables registering scheduled processes - at the moment it includes only queue based capture methods
CHARGES_CONSIDERED_OVERDUE_FOR_CAPTURE_AFTER	60 minutes	this value is used for calculating the metric gauge of messages awaiting capture (not attempted within this interval)
CAPTURE_PROCESS_MAXIMUM_RETRIES	96	connector keeps track of the number of times capture has been attempted for each charge. If a charge fails this number of times or more it will be marked as a permanent failure. An error log message will be written as well. This should never happen and if it does it should be investigated.
CAPTURE_PROCESS_FAILED_CAPTURE_RETRY_DELAY_IN_SECONDS	3600	the duration in seconds that a message should be deferred before it should be retried.
CAPTURE_PROCESS_QUEUE_SCHEDULER_THREAD_DELAY_IN_SECONDS	1	the duration in seconds that the queue message receiver should wait between running threads.
CAPTURE_PROCESS_QUEUE_SCHEDULER_NUMBER_OF_THREADS	1	the number of polling threads started by the queue message scheduler.

Graceful shutdown

When the connector is being stopped it needs to gracefully terminate its background tasks (managed in QueueMessageReceiver). The main concern is to drain the in-memory queue (StateTransitionQueue) that stores all the state transition events. Killing the stateTransitionMessageExecutorService of QueueMessageReceiver (that reads from this in-memory queue) without making sure the queue is empty would cause state transition events to be lost and Ledger not having the full history of changes that happened to the payment. The current logic will check whether the emitter process is ready for shutdown (by verifying whether the queue is empty) before actually invoking it. In order to make sure that the StateTransitionEmitterProcess is shutdown eventually, there is a limit to the number of attempts to check readiness for shutdown.

Example log from the connector shutdown:

[2019-08-27 10:53:01.231] [thread=Thread-1] [logger=u.g.p.c.p.s.CardExecutorService] - Shutting down CardExecutorService
[2019-08-27 10:53:01.285] [thread=Thread-1] [logger=u.g.p.c.p.s.CardExecutorService] - Awaiting for CardExecutorService threads to terminate
[2019-08-27 10:53:01.369] [thread=Thread-11] [logger=o.e.j.s.AbstractConnector] - Stopped application@72fedd85{HTTP/1.1,[http/1.1]}{0.0.0.0:9300}
[2019-08-27 10:53:01.400] [thread=Thread-11] [logger=o.e.j.s.AbstractConnector] - Stopped admin@5cd9439a{HTTP/1.1,[http/1.1]}{0.0.0.0:9301}
[2019-08-27 10:53:01.405] [thread=Thread-11] [logger=o.e.j.s.h.ContextHandler] - Stopped i.d.j.MutableServletContextHandler@2b843043{/,null,UNAVAILABLE}
[2019-08-27 10:53:01.455] [thread=Thread-11] [logger=o.e.j.s.h.ContextHandler] - Stopped i.d.j.MutableServletContextHandler@35ac70a{/,null,UNAVAILABLE}
[2019-08-27 10:53:01.460] [thread=Thread-11] [logger=u.g.p.c.q.m.QueueMessageReceiver] - State transition receiver is not ready for shutdown
[2019-08-27 10:53:01.514] [thread=Thread-11] [logger=u.g.p.c.q.m.QueueMessageReceiver] - State transition receiver is not ready for shutdown
[2019-08-27 10:53:01.561] [thread=payment-state-transition-message-poller] [logger=u.g.p.c.e.StateTransitionEmitterProcess] - Emitted new state transition event for [eventId=0] [eventType=PaymentCreated]
[2019-08-27 10:53:01.563] [thread=payment-state-transition-message-poller] [logger=u.g.p.c.e.StateTransitionEmitterProcess] - Emitted new state transition event for [eventId=9] [eventType=PaymentCreated]
[2019-08-27 10:53:01.564] [thread=Thread-11] [logger=u.g.p.c.q.m.QueueMessageReceiver] - State transition receiver is not ready for shutdown
[2019-08-27 10:53:01.566] [thread=payment-state-transition-message-poller] [logger=u.g.p.c.e.StateTransitionEmitterProcess] - Emitted new state transition event for [eventId=8] [eventType=PaymentCreated]
[2019-08-27 10:53:01.568] [thread=payment-state-transition-message-poller] [logger=u.g.p.c.e.StateTransitionEmitterProcess] - Emitted new state transition event for [eventId=7] [eventType=PaymentCreated]
[2019-08-27 10:53:01.570] [thread=payment-state-transition-message-poller] [logger=u.g.p.c.e.StateTransitionEmitterProcess] - Emitted new state transition event for [eventId=6] [eventType=PaymentCreated]
[2019-08-27 10:53:01.573] [thread=payment-state-transition-message-poller] [logger=u.g.p.c.e.StateTransitionEmitterProcess] - Emitted new state transition event for [eventId=5] [eventType=PaymentCreated]
[2019-08-27 10:53:01.574] [thread=payment-state-transition-message-poller] [logger=u.g.p.c.e.StateTransitionEmitterProcess] - Emitted new state transition event for [eventId=4] [eventType=PaymentCreated]
[2019-08-27 10:53:01.576] [thread=payment-state-transition-message-poller] [logger=u.g.p.c.e.StateTransitionEmitterProcess] - Emitted new state transition event for [eventId=3] [eventType=PaymentCreated]
[2019-08-27 10:53:01.578] [thread=payment-state-transition-message-poller] [logger=u.g.p.c.e.StateTransitionEmitterProcess] - Emitted new state transition event for [eventId=2] [eventType=PaymentCreated]
[2019-08-27 10:53:01.580] [thread=payment-state-transition-message-poller] [logger=u.g.p.c.e.StateTransitionEmitterProcess] - Emitted new state transition event for [eventId=1] [eventType=PaymentCreated]
[2019-08-27 10:53:01.617] [thread=Thread-11] [logger=u.g.p.c.q.m.QueueMessageReceiver] - State transition receiver - number of not processed messages 0

Integration tests

To run the integration tests, the DOCKER_HOST and DOCKER_CERT_PATH environment variables must be set up correctly. On OS X the environment can be set up with:

Contract tests

$GDS_CONNECTOR_WORLDPAY_PASSWORD and$GDS_CONNECTOR_WORLDPAY_PASSWORD environment variable must be set for Worldpay contract tests.

    eval $(boot2docker shellinit)
    eval $(docker-machine env <virtual-machine-name>)

The command to run all the tests is:

    mvn verify

Command line tasks

There are a number of commands which can run from the command line. Invoke the all-in-one jar to see a list of the commands:

$ java -jar target/pay-connector-0.1-SNAPSHOT-allinone.jar

• waitOnDependencies [-h] [file] - Waits for dependent resources to become available

  positional arguments: file - application configuration file

• render-state-transition-graph - Outputs a representation of the connector state transitions as a graphviz 'dot' file

SQS Queues

Connector currently has three SQS queues, one of these is used to propagate payment events to Ledger, and the other two are used to distribute events between running instances of connector.

Event Queue

The event queue is used to send payment event information to Ledger (such as the payment has been refuned, payment details have been entered), connector pushes these events onto the queue and Ledger retrieves the on the other end.

Capture Queue & Payout Reconcile Queue

These queues are used to distribute events amongst instances of connector for processing, connector places the events onto the queue and then reads off the end of the queue, processing each event as it reads them. This replaced a legacy implementation where a database table was used and connector would scan the database looking for events to process, using a lock to 'claim' an event for processing. The new implementation removes the needs for locks as each connector instance takes the next event on the queue and the distribution is managed by logic within the queue. As connector scales out more instances of connector poll the queue for new events.

Licence

MIT License

Vulnerability Disclosure

GOV.UK Pay aims to stay secure for everyone. If you are a security researcher and have discovered a security vulnerability in this code, we appreciate your help in disclosing it to us in a responsible manner. Please refer to our vulnerability disclosure policy and our security.txt file for details.