chore: github workflow 수정

.github/workflows/backend-ci-test.yml

@@ -1,18 +1,62 @@
-name: Build and Deploy to Cloud Run
+# This workflow build and push a Docker container to Google Artifact Registry and deploy it on Cloud Run when a commit is pushed to the "master" branch
+#
+# Overview:
+#
+# 1. Authenticate to Google Cloud
+# 2. Authenticate Docker to Artifact Registry
+# 3. Build a docker container
+# 4. Publish it to Google Artifact Registry
+# 5. Deploy it to Cloud Run
+#
+# To configure this workflow:
+#
+# 1. Ensure the required Google Cloud APIs are enabled:
+#
+#    Cloud Run            run.googleapis.com
+#    Artifact Registry    artifactregistry.googleapis.com
+#
+# 2. Create and configure Workload Identity Federation for GitHub (https://github.com/google-github-actions/auth#setting-up-workload-identity-federation)
+#
+# 3. Ensure the required IAM permissions are granted
+#
+#    Cloud Run
+#      roles/run.admin
+#      roles/iam.serviceAccountUser     (to act as the Cloud Run runtime service account)
+#
+#    Artifact Registry
+#      roles/artifactregistry.admin     (project or repository level)
+#
+#    NOTE: You should always follow the principle of least privilege when assigning IAM roles
+#
+# 4. Create GitHub secrets for WIF_PROVIDER and WIF_SERVICE_ACCOUNT
+#
+# 5. Change the values for the GAR_LOCATION, SERVICE and REGION environment variables (below).
+#
+# NOTE: To use Google Container Registry instead, replace ${{ env.GAR_LOCATION }}-docker.pkg.dev with gcr.io
+#
+# For more support on how to run this workflow, please visit https://github.com/marketplace/actions/deploy-to-cloud-run
+#
+# Further reading:
+#   Cloud Run IAM permissions                 - https://cloud.google.com/run/docs/deploying
+#   Artifact Registry IAM permissions         - https://cloud.google.com/artifact-registry/docs/access-control#roles
+#   Container Registry vs Artifact Registry   - https://cloud.google.com/blog/products/application-development/understanding-artifact-registry-vs-container-registry
+#   Principle of least privilege              - https://cloud.google.com/blog/products/identity-security/dont-get-pwned-practicing-the-principle-of-least-privilege
+
+name: Deploy GCP Cloud Run to Dev Server
 
 on:
   pull_request:
     branches: [ main ]
 
-defaults:
-  run:
-    working-directory: backend
-
-permissions:
-  contents: read
+env:
+  PROJECT_ID: ${{secrets.PROJECT_ID}}
+  SERVICE: ${{secrets.SERVICE}}
+  REGION: ${{secrets.REGION}}
+  ARTIFACT_REGISTRY: ${{secrets.ARTIFACT_REGISTRY}}
 
 jobs:
   deploy:
+    # Add 'id-token' with the intended permissions for workload identity federation
     permissions:
       contents: 'read'
       id-token: 'write'
@@ -32,27 +76,34 @@ jobs:
           token_format: 'access_token'
           workload_identity_provider: '${{ secrets.WIF_PROVIDER }}' # e.g. - projects/123456789/locations/global/workloadIdentityPools/my-pool/providers/my-provider
           service_account: '${{ secrets.WIF_SERVICE_ACCOUNT }}' # e.g. - [email protected]
-          project_id: '${{secrets.PROJECT_ID}}'
+          project_id: '${{env.PROJECT_ID}}'
 
 
       - uses: actions/setup-java@v4
         with:
           distribution: 'temurin'
           java-version: 21
 
+      # BEGIN - Docker auth and build (NOTE: If you already have a container image, these Docker steps can be omitted)
+
+      # Authenticate Docker to Google Cloud Artifact Registry
+      # Authenticate JIB to Google Cloud Run
       - name: Build and Push Container using Jib
         env:
           GOOGLE_AR_CLIENT_SECRET: ${{ secrets.GOOGLE_AR_CLIENT_SECRET }}
           SPRING_PROFILES_ACTIVE: dev
         run: ./gradlew jib
+      # END - Docker auth and build
 
       - name: Deploy to Cloud Run
         id: deploy
         uses: google-github-actions/deploy-cloudrun@v2
         with:
-          service: ${{ secrets.SERVICE }}
-          region: ${{ secrets.REGION }}
-          image: ${{ secrets.REGION }}-docker.pkg.dev/${{ secrets.PROJECT_ID }}/${{ secrets.ARTIFACT_REGISTRY }}/${{ secrets.SERVICE }}:latest
+          service: ${{ env.SERVICE }}
+          region: ${{ env.REGION }}
+          # NOTE: If using a pre-built image, update the image name here
+          image: ${{ env.REGION }}-docker.pkg.dev/${{ env.PROJECT_ID }}/${{ env.ARTIFACT_REGISTRY }}/${{ env.SERVICE }}:latest
 
+      # If required, use the Cloud Run url output in later steps
       - name: Show Output
-        run: echo ${{ steps.deploy.outputs.url }}
+        run: echo ${{ steps.deploy.outputs.url }}