Appium Python Client

An extension library for adding WebDriver Protocol and Appium commands to the Selenium Python language binding for use with the mobile testing framework Appium.

Notice

Since v1.0.0, only Python 3.7+ is supported.

Since v2.0.0, the base selenium client version is v4. The version only works in W3C WebDriver protocol format. If you would like to use the old protocol (MJSONWP), please use v1 Appium Python client.

Quick migration guide from v1 to v2

• Enhancement
  • Updated base Selenium Python binding version to v4
    • Removed forceMjsonwp since Selenium v4 and Appium Python client v2 expect only W3C WebDriver protocol
  • Methods ActionHelpers#scroll, ActionHelpers#drag_and_drop, ActionHelpers#tap, ActionHelpers#swipe and ActionHelpers#flick now call W3C actions as its backend
    • Please check each behavior. Their behaviors could slightly differ.
  • Added strict_ssl to relax SSL error such as self-signed ones
• Deprecated
  • MultiAction and TouchAction are deprecated. Please use W3C WebDriver actions.
    • e.g.
      • appium/webdriver/extensions/action_helpers.py
      • https://www.selenium.dev/documentation/support_packages/mouse_and_keyboard_actions_in_detail/
      • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oAJ7jwMNFVU
      • https://appiumpro.com/editions/30-ios-specific-touch-action-methods
      • https://appiumpro.com/editions/29-automating-complex-gestures-with-the-w3c-actions-api
  • launch_app, close_app and reset are deprecated. Please read issues#15807 for more details

MultiAction/TouchAction to W3C actions

On UIA2, some elements can be handled with touch pointer action insead of the default mouse pointer action in the Selenium Python cleint. For example, the below action builder is to replace the default one with the touch pointer action.

from selenium.webdriver.common.actions import interaction
from selenium.webdriver.common.actions.action_builder import ActionBuilder

actions = ActionChains(driver)
# override as 'touch' pointer action
actions.w3c_actions = ActionBuilder(driver, mouse=PointerInput(interaction.POINTER_TOUCH, "touch"))
actions.w3c_actions.pointer_action.move_to_location(start_x, start_y)
actions.w3c_actions.pointer_action.pointer_down()
actions.w3c_actions.pointer_action.pause(2)
actions.w3c_actions.pointer_action.move_to_location(end_x, end_y)
actions.w3c_actions.pointer_action.release()
actions.perform()

Getting the Appium Python client

There are three ways to install and use the Appium Python client.

1. Install from PyPi, as 'Appium-Python-Client'.

   pip install Appium-Python-Client

   You can see the history from here

2. Install from source, via PyPi. From 'Appium-Python-Client', download and unarchive the source tarball (Appium-Python-Client-X.X.tar.gz).

   tar -xvf Appium-Python-Client-X.X.tar.gz
   cd Appium-Python-Client-X.X
   python setup.py install

3. Install from source via GitHub.

   git clone [email protected]:appium/python-client.git
   cd python-client
   python setup.py install

Usage

The Appium Python Client is fully compliant with the WebDriver Protocol including several helpers to make mobile testing in Python easier.

To use the new functionality now, and to use the superset of functions, instead of including the Selenium webdriver module in your test code, use that from Appium instead.

from appium import webdriver

From there much of your test code will work with no change.

As a base for the following code examples, the following sets up the UnitTest environment:

# Android environment
from appium import webdriver
# Options are only available since client version 2.3.0
# If you use an older client then switch to desired_capabilities
# instead: https://github.com/appium/python-client/pull/720
from appium.options.android import UiAutomator2Options
from appium.webdriver.common.appiumby import AppiumBy

options = UiAutomator2Options()
options.platformVersion = '10'
options.udid = '123456789ABC'
options.app = PATH('../../../apps/test-app.apk')
# Appium1 points to http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub by default
self.driver = webdriver.Remote('http://127.0.0.1:4723', options=options)
el = self.driver.find_element(by=AppiumBy.ACCESSIBILITY_ID, value='item')
el.click()

# iOS environment
from appium import webdriver
# Options are only available since client version 2.3.0
# If you use an older client then switch to desired_capabilities
# instead: https://github.com/appium/python-client/pull/720
from appium.options.ios import XCUITestOptions
from appium.webdriver.common.appiumby import AppiumBy

options = XCUITestOptions()
options.platformVersion = '13.4'
options.udid = '123456789ABC'
options.app = PATH('../../apps/UICatalog.app.zip')
# Appium1 points to http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub by default
self.driver = webdriver.Remote('http://127.0.0.1:4723', options=options)
el = self.driver.find_element(by=AppiumBy.ACCESSIBILITY_ID, value='item')
el.click()

Direct Connect URLs

If your Selenium/Appium server decorates the new session capabilities response with the following keys:

• directConnectProtocol
• directConnectHost
• directConnectPort
• directConnectPath

Then python client will switch its endpoint to the one specified by the values of those keys.

from appium import webdriver
# Options are only available since client version 2.3.0
# If you use an older client then switch to desired_capabilities
# instead: https://github.com/appium/python-client/pull/720
from appium.options.ios import XCUITestOptions

# load_capabilities API could be used to
# load options mapping stored in a dictionary
options = XCUITestOptions().load_capabilities({
    'platformVersion': '13.4',
    'deviceName': 'iPhone Simulator',
    'app': PATH('../../apps/UICatalog.app.zip'),
})

self.driver = webdriver.Remote(
    # Appium1 points to http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub by default
    'http://127.0.0.1:4723',
    options=options,
    direct_connection=True
)

Relax SSL validation

strict_ssl option allows you to send commands to an invalid certificate host like a self-signed one.

from appium import webdriver
# Options are only available since client version 2.3.0
# If you use an older client then switch to desired_capabilities
# instead: https://github.com/appium/python-client/pull/720
from appium.options.common import AppiumOptions

options = AppiumOptions()
options.platform_name = 'mac'
options.automation_name = 'safari'
# set_capability API allows to provide any custom option
# calls to it could be chained
options.set_capability('browser_name', 'safari')

# Appium1 points to http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub by default
self.driver = webdriver.Remote('http://127.0.0.1:4723', options=options, strict_ssl=False)

Set custom AppiumConnection

The first argument of webdriver.Remote can set an arbitrary command executor for you.

1. Set init arguments for the pool manager Appium Python client uses to manage http requests.

from appium import webdriver
from appium.options.ios import XCUITestOptions

import urllib3
from appium.webdriver.appium_connection import AppiumConnection

# Retry connection error up to 3 times.
init_args_for_pool_manage = {
    'retries': urllib3.util.retry.Retry(total=3, connect=3, read=False)
}
appium_executor = AppiumConnection(remote_server_addr='http://127.0.0.1:4723',
    init_args_for_pool_manage=init_args_for_pool_manage)

options = XCUITestOptions()
options.platformVersion = '13.4'
options.udid = '123456789ABC'
options.app = PATH('../../apps/UICatalog.app.zip')
driver = webdriver.Remote(appium_executor, options=options)

2. Define a subclass of AppiumConnection

from appium import webdriver
from appium.options.ios import XCUITestOptions

from appium.webdriver.appium_connection import AppiumConnection

class CustomAppiumConnection(AppiumConnection):
    # Can add your own methods for the custom class
    pass

custom_executor = CustomAppiumConnection(remote_server_addr='http://127.0.0.1:4723')

options = XCUITestOptions().load_capabilities({
    'platformVersion': '13.4',
    'deviceName': 'iPhone Simulator',
    'app': PATH('../../apps/UICatalog.app.zip'),
})
driver = webdriver.Remote(custom_executor, options=options)

Documentation

• https://appium.github.io/python-client-sphinx/ is detailed documentation
• functional tests also may help to see concrete examples.

Development

• Code Style: PEP-0008
  • Apply black, isort and mypy as pre commit hook
  • Run make command for development. See make help output for details
• Docstring style: Google Style
• gitchangelog generates CHANGELOG.rst

Setup

• pip install --user pipenv
• python -m pipenv lock --clear
  • If you experience Locking Failed! unknown locale: UTF-8 error, then refer pypa/pipenv#187 to solve it.
• python -m pipenv install --dev --system
• pre-commit install

Run tests

You can run all of tests running on CI via tox in your local.

$ tox

You also can run particular tests like below.

Unit

$ pytest test/unit

Run with pytest-xdist

$ pytest -n 2 test/unit

Functional

$ pytest test/functional/ios/search_context/find_by_ios_class_chain_tests.py

In parallel for iOS

1. Create simulators named 'iPhone X - 8100' and 'iPhone X - 8101'
2. Install test libraries via pip, pip install pytest pytest-xdist
3. Run tests

$ pytest -n 2 test/functional/ios/search_context/find_by_ios_class_chain_tests.py

Release

Follow below steps.

$ pip install twine
$ pip install git+git://github.com/vaab/gitchangelog.git # Getting via GitHub repository is necessary for Python 3.7
# Type the new version number and 'yes' if you can publish it
# You can test the command with DRY_RUN
$ DRY_RUN=1 ./release.sh
$ ./release.sh # release

License

Apache License v2