feat(python): add cwe-601 open redirect rule (#416)

rules/python/django/open_redirect.yml

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+imports:
+  - python_shared_common_user_input
+  - python_shared_lang_import2
+patterns:
+  - pattern: $<RESPONSE_CLASS>($<USER_INPUT>$<...>)
+    filters:
+      - variable: FUNCTION
+        detection: python_shared_lang_import2
+        scope: cursor
+        filters:
+          - variable: MODULE1
+            values: [django]
+          - variable: MODULE2
+            values: [http]
+          - variable: NAME
+            values:
+              - HttpResponseRedirect
+              - HttpResponsePermanentRedirect
+      - variable: USER_INPUT
+        detection: python_shared_common_user_input
+        scope: result
+  - pattern: $<FUNCTION>($<USER_INPUT>$<...>)
+    filters:
+      - variable: FUNCTION
+        detection: python_shared_lang_import2
+        scope: cursor
+        filters:
+          - variable: MODULE1
+            values: [django]
+          - variable: MODULE2
+            values: [shortcuts]
+          - variable: NAME
+            values: [redirect]
+      - variable: USER_INPUT
+        detection: python_shared_common_user_input
+        scope: result
+languages:
+  - python
+severity: medium
+metadata:
+  description: "Unsanitized user input in redirect"
+  remediation_message: |-
+    ## Description
+
+    Using unsanitized user input to perform redirects can make your application vulnerable to phishing attacks. This occurs when user input is directly used to determine the destination of a redirect without proper validation or sanitization, allowing attackers to redirect users to malicious sites, potentially compromising their security.
+
+    ## Remediations
+
+    - **Do not** use unsanitized user input when constructing URLs for redirects. Directly incorporating user input without validation can lead to phishing attacks and malicious site redirection.
+    - **Do** validate user input by employing a safe list or a mapping strategy for constructing URLs. This ensures that the redirection is to a known, safe location.
+    ```python
+    paths = dict(
+      1="/planes",
+      2="/trains",
+      3="/automobiles"
+    )
+
+    transport = request.GET["transport"]
+    redirect(paths[transport]);
+    ```
+
+    ## References
+
+    - [OWASP Unvalidated Redirects and Forwards Cheat Sheet](https://cheatsheetseries.owasp.org/cheatsheets/Unvalidated_Redirects_and_Forwards_Cheat_Sheet.html)
+  cwe_id:
+    - 601
+  id: python_django_open_redirect
+  documentation_url: https://docs.bearer.com/reference/rules/python_django_open_redirect

tests/python/django/open_redirect/test.js

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+const {
+  createNewInvoker,
+  getEnvironment,
+} = require("../../../helper.js")
+const { ruleId, ruleFile, testBase } = getEnvironment(__dirname)
+
+describe(ruleId, () => {
+  const invoke = createNewInvoker(ruleId, ruleFile, testBase)
+
+  test("open_redirect", () => {
+    const testCase = "main.py"
+
+    const results = invoke(testCase)
+
+    expect(results).toEqual({
+      Missing: [],
+      Extra: []
+    })
+  })
+})

tests/python/django/open_redirect/testdata/main.py

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+user_input = form.cleaned_data["path"]
+
+from django.shortcuts import redirect
+
+redirect("ok", False)
+# bearer:expected python_django_open_redirect
+redirect(user_input, False)
+
+
+from django.http import HttpResponsePermanentRedirect, HttpResponseRedirect
+
+HttpResponseRedirect("ok", headers={})
+# bearer:expected python_django_open_redirect
+HttpResponseRedirect(user_input, headers={})
+
+HttpResponsePermanentRedirect("ok", headers={})
+# bearer:expected python_django_open_redirect
+HttpResponsePermanentRedirect(user_input, headers={})