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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Alreq shadow</title>
<script src="https://www.w3.org/Tools/respec/respec-w3c-common" async class="remove"></script>
<script class="remove">
var respecConfig = {
// specification status (e.g. WD, LCWD, WG-NOTE, etc.). If in doubt use ED.
specStatus: "base",
//publishDate: "2015-07-21",
//previousPublishDate: "2014-12-16",
//previousMaturity: "FPWD",
noRecTrack: true,
shortName: "alreq",
copyrightStart: "2015",
edDraftURI: "https://w3c.github.io/alreq/",
// if this is a LCWD, uncomment and set the end of its review period
// lcEnd: "2009-08-05",
// editors, add as many as you like
// only "name" is required
editors: [
{ name: "Shervin Afshar", mailto: "[email protected]", company: "Netflix" },
{ name: "Behnam Esfahbod", mailto: "[email protected]", company: "Quora/Virgule Typeworks" },
{ name: "Mostafa Hajizadeh", mailto: "[email protected]" },
{ name: "Najib Tounsi", mailto: "[email protected]", company: "Ecole Mohammadia d'Ingénieurs" },
{ name: "Richard Ishida", mailto: "[email protected]", company: "W3C" },
],
wg: "Internationalization Working Group",
wgURI: "https://www.w3.org/International/core/",
//wgPublicList: "public-i18n-arabic",
github: "w3c/alreq",
// URI of the patent status for this WG, for Rec-track documents
// !!!! IMPORTANT !!!!
// This is important for Rec-track documents, do not copy a patent URI from a random
// document unless you know what you're doing. If in doubt ask your friendly neighbourhood
// Team Contact.
wgPatentURI: "https://www.w3.org/2004/01/pp-impl/32113/status",
// !!!! IMPORTANT !!!! MAKE THE ABOVE BLINK IN YOUR HEAD
localBiblio: {
"BIDI": {
"authors": [
"Mark Davis",
"Aharon Lanin",
"Andrew Glass"
],
"href": "http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr9/",
"publisher": "Unicode Consortium",
"status": "Unicode Standard Annex #9",
"title": "Unicode Bidirectional Algorithm",
"id": "BIDI",
},
"UBA-BASICS": {
"authors": [
"Richard Ishida",
],
"href": "https://www.w3.org/International/articles/inline-bidi-markup/uba-basics",
"publisher": "World Wide Web Consortium",
"title": "Unicode Bidirectional Algorithm basics",
"id": "UBA-BASICS",
},
"UNICODE": {
"href": "http://www.unicode.org/versions/latest/",
"publisher": "The Unicode Consortium",
"title": "The Unicode Standard",
"id": "UNICODE"
},
"W3-ARAB-MATH": {
"authors": [
"Azzeddine Lazrek",
"Mustapha Eddahibi",
"Khalid Sami",
"Bruce R. Miller"
],
"href": "https://www.w3.org/TR/arabic-math/",
"publisher": "World Wide Web Consortium",
"title": "Arabic mathematical notation",
"id": "W3-ARAB-MATH"
}
},
};
</script>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="local.css" type="text/css">
</head>
<body>
<section id="abstract">
<p>This document holds issues, blank sections, etc. that were removed from the main index.html file.</p>
</section>
<section id="sotd">
<p>This document holds issues, blank sections, etc. that were removed from the main index.html file. </p>
</section>
<section id="h_characters_and_words">
<h2>Characters and Words</h2>
<section id="h_punctuation">
<h3>Punctuation</h3>
<div class="issue">
<ul>
<li>List of non-ASCII punctuation and description of usage and frequency.</li>
<li>Use and positioning of punctuation marks in the sentence.</li>
<li>Use of paired punctuation marks.</li>
</ul>
</div>
</section>
<section id="h_segmentation">
<h3>Text Segmentation</h3>
<div class="issue question">
Should all ligatures be selectable as a single unit, or as individual parts corresponding
to the underlying characters?
</div>
</section>
<section id="h_diacritic_position">
<h3>Positioning diacritics relative to base characters</h3>
<div class="issue question">
<ul>
<li>Some applications allow adjustment of the distance between the diacritics and the
base character. Is this a requirement for most text systems?</li>
<li>What about adjustment to the horizontal position of the diacritic?</li>
<li>Should it be possible to influence whether a font places the kasra below the base
character or immediately below the shadda, when combined with the latter?</li>
</ul>
</div>
</section>
<section id="h_letterspacing">
<h3>Letter-spacing</h3>
<div class="issue question">
<ul>
<li>Is this really letter-spacing, or is it seen as something different?</li>
<li>Can we codify any rules for how the elongation happens? Are they the same rules as
for justification? (Probably not, in the case of mimicking voice.)</li>
</ul>
</div>
</section>
<section id="h_italicetc">
<h3>Handling oblique and italicised text in Arabic</h3>
<p>Describe the problem here.</p>
<div class="issue question">
Which way should oblique/italic text slant in Arabic?
</div>
<div class="issue">
Misuse of generic font styles.
</div>
</section>
<section id="h_mixedscript">
<h3>Considerations for mixed-script text</h3>
<div class="issue question">
What are the font-size aspects that must be considered in mixed text scenarios?
</div>
</section>
<section id="h_numbers">
<h3>Numbers</h3>
<section id="h_families_of_numerals">
<h4>Families of Numerals</h4>
<p>As a consequence, the following sentences, having the similar content, result in a very
different ordering in a right-to-left context:</p>
<div class="example" dir="rtl">
Five is written ۵ in Iran and ٥ in Egypt.
</div>
<div class="example" dir="rtl">
Five is written ۵ in Iran and 5 in Morocco.
</div>
</section>
<p class="issue">What is the origin of this decision. More important, what is the observed
effect of these differences in normal Arabic script text?</p>
<section id="h_Arabic_number_in_other_uses">
<h4>Arabic number in other uses</h4>
<ul>
<li><span class="codepoint"><span lang="en">/</span> [<span class="uname">U+002F
SOLIDUS</span>]</span> is used for fractions or ratio notation. Fractions are noted for
one-half, say, 2/1 or ٢/١, mostly in RTL mode. There is no standard approach, however,
and some region/author may write 1/2 for European digits.
<p class="issue">May be use image for examples.</p></li>
<li>Notation with Solidus sign " / " are used in:
<br>
<ul>
<li>Dates (2017/06/24, ٢٠١٧/٠٦/٢٤)
<p class="issue">Look for evidence for some examples</p></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p>Other issues</p>
<p class="issue">How to know that a sign (space, comma ...) is a separator or a sign within
a number? <code>+12 34 56 78 90</code> is a phone number or a sequence
of digits? Which may be inverted in RTL. A tip is to use a syntax like
<code>12.34.56.78.90</code> or <code>12-34-56-78-90</code> for phones.</p>
<p class="issue">Maybe mention the Decimal Separator Key Symbol " ⎖ " (U+2396), used with
keyboards (resembles an apostrophe)</p>
</section>
<p><b><i>Old text below</i></b>
</p>
<p>Arabic script uses non-European digits for numbers in certain locales and situations.</p>
<p>Arabic digits are also used for counters (see ).</p>
<div class="issue">
Describe the arabic-indic digits, and when they are used, including the distinction between
arabic-indic and eastern-arabic-indic digits.
</div>
<div class="issue">
Provide resources and guidelines on how to choose the right set of numerals based on the
language.
</div>
</section>
</section>
<section id="h_lines_and_paragraphs">
<h2>Lines and Paragraphs</h2>
<section id="h_line_breaking">
<h3>Line breaking</h3>
<div class="issue question">
<ul>
<li>In Urdu words are not necessarily bounded by spaces. What method is used for
determining appropriate break points in this case?</li>
<li>What other characters besides SPACE constitute break points for automatic line
wrapping?</li>
<li>What are the rules for hyphenation in Arabic script text?</li>
<li>The CSS Text spec <a href=
"https://drafts.csswg.org/css-text-3/#example-953e914f">says</a> "When shaping scripts
such as Arabic are allowed to break within words due to hyphenation, the characters must
still be shaped as if the word were not broken." The example shows Uighur text with a
hyphen at the end of a line and with shaped characters at line end and start. Is this
normal in Arabic and Persian text also?
</li>
<li>In some styles of CJK typesetting, English words are allowed to break between any two
letters, rather than only at spaces or hyphenation points. Are the rules different form
Arabic script text?</li>
<li>The CSS spec <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/css-text-3/#word-break-property">says</a>
"When shaping scripts such as Arabic are allowed to break within words due to break-all,
the characters must still be shaped as if the word were not broken." Is this true?
</li>
<li>The CSS <a href="https://drafts.csswg.org/css-text-3/#hanging-punctuation-property">
hanging-punctuation</a> property allows the arabic comma and arabic full stop to hang
in the margin, rather than wrapping them to the next line. Is this appropriate?
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<section id="h_kinsoku">
<h4>Characters that cannot end or start a line</h4>
<div class="issue question">
<ul>
<li>What are they?</li>
<li>Are the rules language specific?</li>
<li>What's the usual course of action to avoid incorrect placement?</li>
<li>Are the rules applied consistently everywhere?</li>
</ul>
</div>
</section>
<section id="h_hyphenation">
<h4>Hyphenation</h4>
<div class="issue question">
<ul>
<li>Does Arabic script text use hyphenation? If so, is the use of hyphenation
language-specific?</li>
<li>What are the rules? Are there any general rules that transcend all languages?</li>
</ul>
</div>
</section>
</section>
<section id="h_justification">
<h3>Justification</h3>
<div class="issue">
<ul>
<li>Drop “elongation” from title of this section. It’s one of the mechanisms used for
justification.</li>
<li>Make sure “elongation,” “kashida,” and “tatweel,” have correct definitions in our
glossary.</li>
<li>Improve the images.</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="note" title="Notes, Links, …">
<ul>
<li>
<a href="https://www.w3.org/2016/06/28-alreq-minutes.html">Discussion at ALReq meeting
on 28 June, 2016</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href=
"http://quod.lib.umich.edu/j/jep/3336451.0013.105?rgn=main;view=fulltext">Justify Just
or Just Justify</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/tb27-2/tb87benatia.pdf">Arabic text
justification</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href=
"https://www.academia.edu/910536/Arabic_script_and_typography_A_brief_historical_overview_2002_">
Thomas Milo’s “Arabic script and typography: A brief historical view”</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="http://www.decotype.com/pdfs/Tasmeem_Manual.pdf">Tasmeem Manual</a>
</li>
<li>
Justifying
Text using Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) in Internet Explorer 5.5
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="issue question">
<ul>
<li>What are the rules for elongation of inter-character baselines, and how do they
differ from one font style to another?</li>
<li>When is it appropriate to use which method?</li>
<li>Is the tatweel character useful?</li>
<li>What should happen if an application uses a Ruqʻah font as a fallback, which cannot
allow for word elongation? Does the application need to automatically know that it should
not stretch words when using this font style?</li>
<li>How does an application or person decide which methods to use, and where, to justify
text?</li>
<li>The CSS Text spec says: that, apart from elongation, applications "must assume that
no justification opportunity exists between any pair of typographic letter units in
cursive script (regardless of whether they join). " Is this correct? InDesign, for
example, allows alterations of gaps in the middle of a word where one character doesn't
join with the following character.</li>
<li>Should the CSS <a href=
"https://drafts.csswg.org/css-text-3/#cursive-tracking">letter-spacing property</a> have
any effect on Arabic script text?
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</section>
<section id="h_para_line_alignment">
<h3>Paragraph and line alignment</h3>
<p>Lines of Arabic script text are normally right aligned within the page.</p>
<div class="issue question">
<ul>
<li>When a list on an Arabic page contains an item that is completely composed of LTR
text, should the list item be right- or left-aligned on the page?</li>
<li>If a list item is left-aligned on an Arabic page because it contains only LTR text,
should the list item counter be to the right or to the left?</li>
<li>Is it common to indent the first line of a paragraph? How much?</li>
</ul>
</div>
</section>
<section id="h_tabs">
<h3>Tab settings</h3>
<div class="issue question">
<ul>
<li>What is there to say?</li>
</ul>
</div>
</section>
<section id="h_firstletter">
<h3>Styling the initial text in a paragraph</h3>
<div class="issue question">
<ul>
<li>Does this apply? If so, is there an equivalent to first-letter styling or is it
word-based?</li>
<li>Is the line initial punctuation included?</li>
</ul>
</div>
</section>
<section id="h_counters">
<h3>Counters, lists, etc</h3>
<p>Arabic script text may use special counter styles for lists, numbering headings, pages,
etc., based on Arabic script characters.</p>
<div class="issue question">
<ul>
<li>List the main counter sequences, and how they work. Cf. the <a href=
"https://www.w3.org/TR/2016/WD-predefined-counter-styles-20160622/#arabic-styles">ready-made
counter styles for CSS</a>.
</li>
<li>how to choose the right set of numerals based on the language?</li>
</ul>
</div>
</section>
<section id="h_paragraphspecial">
<h3>Special cases</h3>
<div class="issue question">
<ul>
<li>poetry, math, vertical text, etc?</li>
</ul>
</div>
<section id="h_vertical_text">
<h4>Vertical text</h4>
<section id="h_vertical_upright">
<h5>Upright vertical Arabic text</h5>
<p class="issue">We need to establish whether this is a standard approach or just an
oddity. The items in the list above are important to note, however, we need to check
whether isolated forms are always used, and the direction is always top to bottom when
upright letters are used.</p>
</section>
</section>
</section>
</section>
<section id="h_pages">
<h2>Pages</h2>
<p>Topic Keywords:</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>Basic common templates:</strong>
</li>
<li><strong>Page elements:</strong>
</li>
<li><strong>Page-level directionality:</strong> Directionality of page elements.
Bidirectional behaviour in mixed script texts on the page.</li>
<li><strong>Arrangement of elements on the page:</strong>
</li>
<li><strong>Text columns:</strong>
</li>
<li><strong>Header:</strong>
</li>
<li><strong>Footers:</strong> Footnotes and numbering schemes.</li>
<li><strong>Illustrations:</strong>
</li>
<li><strong>Tables:</strong> Directional behvaiour of tables. Mixed script text in
tables.</li>
<li><strong>Page numbers:</strong> Positions of page numbers on the page. Mentioning
contemporary and traditional use of Abjad page numbering.</li>
<li><strong>Page margins:</strong>
</li>
<li><strong>Positioning and arrangement of content:</strong>
</li>
<li><strong>Pagination rules:</strong>
</li>
<li><strong>Specimens and examples:</strong>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section id="h_document">
<h2>Document</h2>
<p>Topic Keywords:</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>Distinguished requirements:</strong> book/ebook/page</li>
<li><strong>Inter-page spacing:</strong>
</li>
<li><strong>First and last pages:</strong> Common practices for first and last pages.</li>
<li><strong>Table of Contents and lists:</strong>
</li>
<li><strong>Indexes:</strong> Sorting of names.</li>
<li><strong>Appendices:</strong> Bibliographies, glossaries, endnotes, etc.</li>
</ul>
</section>
</body>
</html>