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git-command
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<time title="Created: 2018-05-16 12:04:56 / Modified: 13:30:13" itemprop="dateCreated datePublished" datetime="2018-05-16T12:04:56+08:00">2018-05-16</time>
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<hr>
<h1 id="常用git-命令记录"><a href="#常用git-命令记录" class="headerlink" title="常用git 命令记录"></a>常用git 命令记录</h1><p>下面例子 以 master 作为主分支<br>hotfix 作为新建的分支名</p>
<h2 id="1-保存用户名跟密码"><a href="#1-保存用户名跟密码" class="headerlink" title="1.保存用户名跟密码"></a>1.保存用户名跟密码</h2><p>由于有的基于git的项目 只开放密码登录，避免命令行下 每次都输入用户名密码，使用到 git gitcredentials，<br>切换到 当前项目的根目录下，输入以下设置</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">git config credential.${remote}.username yourusername</span><br><span class="line">git config credential.helper store</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="2-分支"><a href="#2-分支" class="headerlink" title="2. 分支"></a>2. 分支</h2><ul>
<li><p>创建分支</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">git checkout -b hotfix</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
<li><p>发布分支</p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">git push -u origin hotfix</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
<li><p>切换分支</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">git checkout master</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
<li><p>合并分支<br>将hotfix分支合并到master</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">git checkout master</span><br><span class="line">git merge hotfix</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
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<h2 id="3-提交-amp-发布"><a href="#3-提交-amp-发布" class="headerlink" title="3. 提交&发布"></a>3. 提交&发布</h2><p>待续…</p>
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ssh-connection-block
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<time title="Created: 2018-05-04 15:26:16 / Modified: 16:21:43" itemprop="dateCreated datePublished" datetime="2018-05-04T15:26:16+08:00">2018-05-04</time>
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<h1 id="解决ssh每次都卡住，僵死"><a href="#解决ssh每次都卡住，僵死" class="headerlink" title="解决ssh每次都卡住，僵死"></a>解决ssh每次都卡住，僵死</h1><p>在 ~/.ssh/config<br>加入<br><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">Host *</span><br><span class="line"> ServerAliveInterval 5</span><br><span class="line"> ServerAliveCountMax 10</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>配置项说明：</p>
<ol>
<li>ServerAliveInterval<br>检测服务器每多少秒检测一次，我这边设置的是5秒</li>
<li>ServerAliveCountMax<br>检测服务器累计多少次，仍未确认连接上就会断开，我这边设置的是10次</li>
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nginx-13-Permission-denied
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<h1 id="解决-nginx-is-forbidden-13-Permission-denied-问题"><a href="#解决-nginx-is-forbidden-13-Permission-denied-问题" class="headerlink" title="解决 nginx is forbidden (13: Permission denied) 问题"></a>解决 nginx is forbidden (13: Permission denied) 问题</h1><p>隔了好多年，今天再次搭建LNMP(linux + nginx + php + mariadb)环境 居然遇到 403问题，记录下:</p>
<h1 id="1-背景：让nginx支持php"><a href="#1-背景：让nginx支持php" class="headerlink" title="1. 背景：让nginx支持php"></a>1. 背景：让nginx支持php</h1><p> 单独新建php.conf，如下<br> <figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"> location ~ .php$ {</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span>fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;</span><br><span class="line"> fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php-fpm/php-fpm.sock;</span><br><span class="line"> fastcgi_index index.php;</span><br><span class="line"> fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;</span><br><span class="line"> include fastcgi_params;</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>放到 /etc/nginx/default.d/目录<br>然后 修改/etc/nginx/nginx.conf 默认 server 段<br>root 配置项下 添加，注释原来的<br><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">include /etc/nginx/default.d/php.conf;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>重启 nginx</p>
<blockquote>
<p> systemctl restart nginx</p>
</blockquote>
<p>发现 访问 php是可以解析正确的.</p>
<h1 id="2-统一nginx-跟php-fpm-跟-root目录权限"><a href="#2-统一nginx-跟php-fpm-跟-root目录权限" class="headerlink" title="2. 统一nginx 跟php-fpm 跟 root目录权限"></a>2. 统一nginx 跟php-fpm 跟 root目录权限</h1><p>打算使用了2个子域名配置两个server ，重启 访问网站，以下两个问题就出现了:</p>
<ol>
<li>FastCGI sent in stderr: “Primary script unknown” while reading response header from upstream</li>
<li>indx.php is forbidden (13: Permission denied)</li>
</ol>
<p>查看 nginx user是用nginx 的，而 php-fpm 是用apache, 站点目录是root的，所以统一下<br>使用 nginx用户跟组的 权限:</p>
<ul>
<li>nginx.conf</li>
<li>/etc/php-fpm.d/<a href="http://www.conf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">www.conf</a></li>
<li>网站目录： chown -R nginx:nginx /data/<a href="http://www.xxx.com" target="_blank" rel="noopener">www.xxx.com</a></li>
</ul>
<p>改了后，重启nginx跟 php-fpm, 第一个问题解决，第二个问题还是出现。</p>
<h1 id="3-SELINUX-开关"><a href="#3-SELINUX-开关" class="headerlink" title="3. SELINUX 开关"></a>3. SELINUX 开关</h1><p>再次查看了网站的目录跟文件权限 都是可读，应该没问题,应该是selinux，于是<br><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">getenforce</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>返回 Enforcing<br>说明是selinux 启用中</p>
<p>日志 ： tail -f /var/log/audit/audit.log ，内容如下<br><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">type=AVC msg=audit(1525417425.069:54597): avc: denied { getattr } for pid=1358 comm="nginx" path="/data/index.php" dev="vda1" ino=768004 scontext=system_u:system_r:httpd_t:s0 tcontext=unconfined_u:object_r:default_t:s0 tclass=file</span><br><span class="line">type=SYSCALL msg=audit(1525417425.069:54597): arch=c000003e syscall=4 success=no exit=-13 a0=7fe90eceba7a a1=7fff0670a060 a2=7fff0670a060 a3=7fe90edbdf28 items=0 ppid=1357 pid=1358 auid=4294967295 uid=998 gid=997 euid=998 suid=998 fsuid=998 egid=997 sgid=997 fsgid=997 tty=(none) ses=4294967295 comm="nginx" exe="/usr/sbin/nginx" subj=system_u:system_r:httpd_t:s0 key=(null)</span><br><span class="line">type=AVC msg=audit(1525417441.021:54598): avc: denied { getattr } for pid=1358 comm="nginx" path="/data/index.php" dev="vda1" ino=768004 scontext=system_u:system_r:httpd_t:s0 tcontext=unconfined_u:object_r:default_t:s0 tclass=file</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<h1 id="4-授权"><a href="#4-授权" class="headerlink" title="4. 授权"></a>4. 授权</h1><ul>
<li><p>对网站所在的目录设置正确的权限</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">chcon -Rt httpd_sys_content_t /data</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">ls -Z /data/*</span><br><span class="line">-rw-r--r--. nginx nginx unconfined_u:object_r:httpd_sys_content_t:s0 404.html</span><br><span class="line">-rw-r--r--. nginx nginx unconfined_u:object_r:httpd_sys_content_t:s0 50x.html</span><br><span class="line">-rw-r--r--. nginx nginx unconfined_u:object_r:httpd_sys_content_t:s0 favicon.ico</span><br><span class="line">-rw-r--r--. nginx nginx unconfined_u:object_r:httpd_sys_content_t:s0 index.ph</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
<li><p>也可以通过以下对http全部放开(对我来说授权目录已经够用了，没使用) </p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">setsebool -P httpd_can_network_connect on</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
</ul>
<p>再次访问 网站正常了<br>注：看到网上的教程直接设置SELINUX=disabled，重启系统。个人感觉系统安全性会降低，不建议这样操作。</p>
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coredump
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<h1 id="gdb-调试-coredump"><a href="#gdb-调试-coredump" class="headerlink" title="gdb 调试 coredump"></a>gdb 调试 coredump</h1><h2 id="常用命令"><a href="#常用命令" class="headerlink" title="常用命令"></a>常用命令</h2><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">bt 查看当前线程的调用栈</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">bt full 查看详细的调用栈</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">info threads 可以查看所有线程的信息</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">thread <num> 可以具体跳转到某个线程</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">f <num> 可以跳转到某个栈中位置</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">i locals 显示当前调用栈的所有变量</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">i register 显示当前调用栈的寄存器值，主要是查看地址</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">有了这些命令的帮助我们可以从core dump 的文件里面分析出很多问题。</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="archlinux-coredump-文件"><a href="#archlinux-coredump-文件" class="headerlink" title="archlinux coredump 文件"></a>archlinux coredump 文件</h2><p>系统将 coredump 文件 统一 放在</p>
<blockquote>
<p>/var/lib/systemd/coredump</p>
</blockquote>
<p>比如 program.out 出现<br><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">segmentation fault (core dumped)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>定位步骤如下：</p>
<ol>
<li>查找 cordump 的程序： coredumpctl list | grep program.out</li>
<li>确认coredump程序：coredumpctl info match<blockquote>
<p>match 可以为 programname or pid之类的</p>
</blockquote>
</li>
</ol>
<p>3.进入调试,打印backtrace： coredumpctl gdb match<br> (gdb)</p>
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