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gem5 Tips & Tricks

Tips and tricks for X86

Here you will find tips and tricks for X86.

Before running the scripts below make sure everything else is setup! You're all done if you followed the steps described here.

Boot Linux (minimal, old, provided as example in gem5.org)

$ ./boot-linux.sh

Open a new terminal and connect to gem5.

$ telnet localhost 3456

After booting, in the guest system, you may want to mount some filesystems.

# mount -t proc proc proc/
# mount -t sysfs sys sys/
# mount -o bind /dev dev/

Now more commands will work, for example:

# free
             total       used       free     shared    buffers     cached
Mem:       1026016      12148    1013868          0        320       3592
-/+ buffers/cache:       8236    1017780
Swap:            0          0          0

# ifconfig -a
lo        Link encap:Local Loopback  
          LOOPBACK  MTU:16436  Metric:1
          RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 
          RX bytes:0 (0.0 b)  TX bytes:0 (0.0 b)

sit0      Link encap:IPv6-in-IPv4  
          NOARP  MTU:1480  Metric:1
          RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 
          RX bytes:0 (0.0 b)  TX bytes:0 (0.0 b)

# cat /proc/cmdline
earlyprintk=ttyS0 console=ttyS0 lpj=7999923 root=/dev/hda1

You can also mount the disk image with mount-img.sh and edit the etc/fstab.

Boot Linux (minimal, old, provided as example in gem5.org) using KVM

This example uses a fork of the main gem5 repository. The patch necessary to run this example was created by the UC Davis Computer Architecture Research Group in https://github.com/darchr/gem5.

$ ./boot-linux-kvm.sh

Use m5term to connect to gem5. Example:

$ cd $HOME/gem5_tnt/forks_gem5/gem5-1
$ cd util/term
$ make
$ m5term localhost 3456

Note that in this example m5 operations, e.g. dumpstat, exit, readfile, fail.

Syscall Emulation SE

SE mode hello using se.py.

$ cd $HOME/gem5_tnt/gem5
$ ./build/X86/gem5.opt configs/example/se.py \
		-c ./tests/test-progs/hello/bin/x86/linux/hello

Trying to execute /bin/ls build in SE mode. The output will be in the se_ls_output folder.

$ cd $HOME/gem5_tnt/gem5
$ build/X86/gem5.opt -d se_ls_output \
		configs/example/se.py \
		--mem-type=DDR4_2400_8x8 \
		--mem-size=4GB --cpu-type=TimingSimpleCPU \
		--cacheline_size=64 \
		--caches \
		-c /bin/ls \
		-o build

Another example: /bin/less in a file.

$ cd $HOME/gem5_tnt/gem5
$ build/X86/gem5.opt -d se_less_output \
		configs/example/se.py \
		--mem-type=DDR4_2400_8x8 \
		--mem-size=4GB \
		--cpu-type=TimingSimpleCPU \
		--cacheline_size=64 \
		--caches \
		-c /bin/less \
		-o MAINTAINERS

MiBench

Automotive.

$ ./mibench-automotive.sh

Network.

$ ./mibench-network.sh

Telecom.

$ ./mibench-telecomm.sh

Security.

$ ./mibench-security.sh

PARSEC

Tweak the script parsec.sh to fit your purpose.

To choose an application to be executed by the guest system simulated by gem5 set the variable cmd. Many commands are provided, but only the one to be executed shall be uncommented.

cmd="./canneal ${ncpus} 5 100 /parsec/install/inputs/canneal/10.nets 1"
...
#cmd="./ferret /parsec/install/inputs/ferret/corelt lsh /parsec/install/inputs/ferret/queriest 1 1 ${ncpus} /parsec/install/inputs/ferret/output.txt"
...
#cmd="./x264 --quiet --qp 20 --partitions b8x8,i4x4 --ref 5 --direct auto --b-pyramid --weightb --mixed-refs --no-fast-pskip --me umh --subme 7 --analyse b8x8,i4x4 --threads ${ncpus} -o /parsec/install/inputs/x264/eledream.264 /parsec/install/inputs/x264/eledream_32x18_1.y4m"

Similarly, to choose the number of CPUs, memory size, CPU type, assign the desired values to the respective variables.

# ncpus: 1, 2, 4, 8, 16
ncpus="2"
mem_size="1GB"
cpu_type="TimingSimpleCPU"
#cpu_type="AtomicSimpleCPU"
#cpu_type="NonCachingSimpleCPU"

To execute the script type the following command:

$ ./parsec.sh

To connect to gem5 use telnet or m5term.

$ telnet localhost 3456

If you decide to use this script in a publication, please cite gem5.TnT, but most important please check https://parsec.cs.princeton.edu/ and Running PARSEC v2.1 in the M5 Simulator for information on how to proper cite the tools provided by them.

Resources

running fs.py with X86KvmCPU failed

https://github.com/darchr/gem5/tree/master

Creating disk images for gem5

learning_gem5