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README.Mule
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README.Mule
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1989.12.15: Nemacs Ver.3.2.1 (MUSUME-DOUJOUJI version)
1989.12.17: Nemacs Ver.3.2.1A (MUSUME-DOUJOUJI version with ANCHIN patch)
1989.12.22: Nemacs Ver.3.2.3 (YUMENO-AWAYUKI version)
1990.3.3: Nemacs Ver.3.3.1 (HINAMATSURI version)
1990.6.6: Nemacs Ver.3.3.2 (FUJIMUSUME version)
1992.3.4: Mule Ver.0.9.0 Beta
1992.3.23: Mule Ver.0.9.1 Beta
1992.4.6: Mule Ver.0.9.2 Beta
1992.4.18: Mule Ver.0.9.3 Beta
1992.5.28: Mule Ver.0.9.4 Beta
1992.7.31: Mule Ver.0.9.5 Beta
1992.8.5: Mule Ver.0.9.5.1 Beta
1992.10.27: Mule Ver.0.9.6 Beta
1992.12.28: Mule Ver.0.9.7 Beta
1993.1.22: Mule Ver.0.9.7.1 Beta
1993.6.14: Mule Ver.0.9.8 Beta
1993.8.1: Mule Ver.1.0 (KIRITSUBO)
1994.2.8: Mule Ver.1.1 (HAHAKIGI)
############################################################
0. INTRODUCTION
1. WHAT IS MULE
2. SUPPORTED LANGUAGES
3. SUPPORTED SYSTEMS
4. INSTALLATION
5. DOCUMENTS
6. DISTRIBUTION
7. NEWS GROUP AND MAILING LIST
8. MAIL SERVICE
9. MISC
############################################################
0. INTRODUCTION
This directory contains the distribution of Mule Ver.1.1.
Mule is free software distributed either as patches to GNU Emacs
(18.59) or as a complete tar file. You can redistribute it and/or
modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 1, or (at
your option) any later version.
Mule is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with GNU Emacs; see the file COPYING. If not, write to the Free
Software Foundation, 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
1. WHAT IS MULE?
Mule is a MULtilingual Enhancement to GNU Emacs. It can
handle not only ASCII characters (7 bits) and ISO Latin-1 (8
bits), but also Japanese, Chinese, Korean (16 bits) coded in
the ISO2022 standard and its variants (e.g. EUC, Compound
Text). For Chinese there is support for both GB and Big5.
In addition, Thai (based on TIS620) and Vietnamese (based on
VISCII and VSCII) are also supported.
A text buffer in Mule can contain a mixture of characters
from these languages. To input any of these characters, you
can use various input methods provided by Mule itself. In
addition, if you use Mule under some terminal emulator
(kterm, cxterm, or exterm), you can use any input methods
supported by the emulator.
2. SUPPORTED LANGUAGES
2.0 ENGLISH
Just type in. :-)
2.1 JAPANESE
It is strongly recommended to install Wnn4.108. EGG system
bundled with Mule can communicate with jserver of Wnn and
provide you a very convenient Japanese inputting method.
See 'doc/EGG' for the usage of this system.
You can run Mule as a client of X window, or run it under
some Japanese terminal (including such emulators as kterm and
exterm). In the latter case, you can use any inputting
methods supported by the terminal.
Among other inputting methods are:
EGG-SJ3, CANNA (bundled with Mule)
SKK, boiled-egg (in 'contrib' directory)
2.2 CHINESE
It is strongly recommended to install Wnn4.108. EGG system
bundled with Mule can communicate with cserver of cWnn and
provide you a very convenient Chinese (GB) inputting method.
See 'doc/EGG' for the usage of this system.
You can run Mule as a client of X window, or run it under
some Chinese terminal (including such emulators as cxterm and
exterm). In the latter case, you can use any inputting
methods supported by the terminal.
QUAIL system (bundled with Mule) also provides several
inputting methods for:
GB: PINYIN, PINYIN_with_TONE, CCDOSPY, SW
Big5: PINYIN, ETZY, ZOZY
See 'doc/QUAIL' for the usage of this system.
Subscribers of alt.chinese.text and alt.chinese.text.big
will find it very useful to use GNUS (news reader written in
Emacslisp) with gnusutil.el (in 'contrib/lisp.tar.Z'). It
encodes/decodes HZ/zW encoding or Big5 to/from Mule internal
code automatically.
2.3 KOREAN
Korean inputting method is provided by QUAIL system (bundled
with Mule). See 'doc/QUAIL' for the usage of this system.
The name of quail-package for Hanugl is 'hangul'. You can
run Mule as a client of X window, or run it under Hangul
terminal or exterm.
2.4 EUROPEAN
Many kinds of European character inputting methods are
provided by QUAIL system (bundled with Mule). For the
moment, QUAIL provides inputting methods for:
Latin1, Latin2,.. Latin5, Greek (ISO8859-7),
Hebrew (ISO8859-8), Cyrillic (ISO8859-5)
See 'doc/QUAIL' for the usage of this system.
As for Hebrew, right-to-left writing is supported. See
'doc/R2L'.
2.5 THAI
Thai support based on TIS620 character set. The inputting
method is also provided by QUAIL system (bundled with Mule).
See 'doc/QUAIL' for the usage of this system. The name of
quail-package for Thai is 'thai'. A free font for TIS620
(12x29 dots) is also available in 'fonts/ETL.tar.Z'. To use
the font with 12x24 ASCII font, you should increase upper
linespace by the command x-set-linespace or command line
argument of "-lsp". Specify "5+" as the argument.
2.6 VIETNAMESE
Vietnames support is based on two-table-VISCII methods,
which divide VISCII's code table into two, lower-case and
upper-case. Mule can read/write any of VISCII, VIQR, VSCII.
The inputting method is also provided by QUAIL system
(bundled with Mule). See 'doc/QUAIL' for the usage of this
system. The name of quail-package for Vietnames is 'viet'.
For X, you can use both VISCII and VSCII fonts. A free font
for VISCII is available in 'fonts/ETL.tar.Z' which is
designed suitable for the use with other ETL fonts.
2.7 OTHER LANGUAGES
We are willing to support Arabic and Devanagali as soon as
we get enough information on how they are supported in the
other softwares.
3. SUPPORTED SYSTEMS
Basically, Mule runs on any systems (and machines) on which
GNU Emacs runs. In addition, several systems (including
DOS, NT) are supported. See etc/MACHINES.
4. INSTALLATION
To install Mule, see INSTALL.Mule in addition to INSTALL.
5. DOCUMENTS
For the moment, we have the following documents.
'etc' directory contains:
FAQ (for original GNU Emacs in English)
FAQ.jp (for original GNU Emacs in Japanese)
FAQ-Mule (for Mule in English)
FAQ-Mule.jp (for Mule in Japanese)
emacs.1 (man file for original GNU Emacs in English)
mule.1 (man file for Mule in English)
'info' directory contains:
emacs (for original GNU Emacs in English)
mule-jp (for Mule in Japanese)
egg-jp (for EGG in Japanese)
canna-jp (for CANNA in Japanese)
You may also find various documents under 'doc' directory.
Especially, please refer 'doc/TERMINOLOGY' if you find
unknown terms. Novice users may have to read 'doc/X11',
'doc/EGG', and 'doc/QUAIL'.
The file NEWFEATURE is also very important.
Since many of these documents (including this file) were
written by a non-native speaker of English (it's me), you
may find many curious expressions. Please correct them. In
addition, we are looking for volunteers who translate the
documents to Chinese, Korean, and the other langauges.
For Vietnamese, the Viet-Std Group has kindly translated
some of these documents. Those are under the directory
'doc/viet'.
6. DISTRIBUTION
Mule is available by anonymous ftp from:
etlport.etl.go.jp [192.31.197.99]:/pub/mule
Manager: Ken'ichi HANDA <[email protected]>
ftp.mei.co.jp [132.182.49.2]:/public/free/gnu/emacs/Mule
Manager: Motohide Murakami <[email protected]>
sh.wide.ad.jp [133.4.11.11]:/JAPAN/mule/mule-1.0
Manager: Akira KATO <[email protected]>
ftp.funet.fi [128.214.6.100]:/pub/gnu/emacs/mule
Manager: Hannu Aronsson <[email protected]>
cs.huji.ac.il [132.65.16.10]:/pub/gnu/mule
Manager: The System Group <[email protected]>
As for a mail service, read the section 8.
If you are accessing from out of Japan, please use the one
of the last two sites. For Europeans, the last site is
probably the best. Either ftp the complete tar file
(mule-1.1.tar.gz), *or* if you have an unmodified GNU Emacs
18.59 you can ftp just the patch file (diff-18.59-1.1.gz)
and apply that. If you find a patch with version number
higher than 1.1, apply that also.
These directories contain several other useful files such as
X's fonts and contributed softwares. See the file '00README'.
We are looking for more ftp sites. If you can kindly
provide this service, please send mail to
7. NEWS GROUP AND MAILING LIST
Mule's main discussion is done on the newsgroup
fj.editor.mule in Japanese. For those who can't subscribe
this newsgroup, we provide mail<->news gateway service.
Please send request of this service to [email protected].
For those who don't speak Japanese, we are running two
mailing lists:
[email protected] (for general discussion)
[email protected] (for Vietnamese)
In both of them, main language is English, but you can
send/receive any multilingual text supported by mule.
Please send requests of subscribing/unsubscribing to:
saying which mailing list you want to join.
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
We are willing to create mailing lists specific to the other
languages if there are many requests.
We are running one more mailing list to test new version of
Mule on various platforms before the official release:
[email protected] (main language: Japanese)
All mails to the above mailing lists are also sent to
the members of this mailing list.
8. MAIL SERVICE
For those who are not IP reachable, we have started an
automatic mail service. Send request to:
with the valid Subject field described below:
------------------------------------------------------------
This system analyzes only the Subject field of a mail header.
The acceptable format of Subject is:
Subject: filename mail-address
Send the specified file to <mail-address>.
The acceptable 'filename' is one of the followings:
------------------------------------------------------------
diff-18.59-1.1 -- Patch for GNU Emacs 18.59, 33 files
diff-18.59-1.1.N -- Nth part of diff-18.59-1.1
-- N should be one of 01, 02 .. 33
patch-1.1-N -- Nth patch for Mule Ver.1.1
-- N should be one of 01, 02...
ETL.tar -- Fonts for Laint1,Cyrillic,Greek,Thai,Viet..., 3 files
Chinese.tar -- Fonts for Chinese-GB (16/24) , 20 files
Japanese.tar -- Fonts for Japanese-JIS (14/16/24), 25 files
Korean.tar -- Fonts for Korean-KSC (16/24), 18 files
READMEDIR.tar -- Several documents about Mule, 2 files
lisp.tar -- Useful ELISP libraries in contrib directory, 3 files
HELP -- This message
------------------------------------------------------------
For instance, a mail with 'Subject: Chinese.tar [email protected]'
will send Chinese fonts divided into 20 files to <[email protected]>.
The above message alters on version up of Mule. You'ld
better check the correct format by requesting HELP because
the above list gets out of date sometimes.
------------------------------------------------------------
Anonymous UUCP service is also avalable for Japanese sites.
For more details, send email to [email protected]. The
subject and the body are just ignored.
Russian or Ukrainian sites should ask mail service to
however, as far as I know, their system are not yet
automated.
9. MISC
9.1 PRINTING UTILITY
To print various characters supported by Mule, we provide a
program 'm2ps' which will be installed automatically while
installing mule (just as etags, emacsclient).
'm2ps' converts Mule's text to PostScript by using BDF files
for getting glyphs of characters.
9.2 CODE CONVERSION LIBRARY
Convert coding-system of a text. Not yet supported.
9.2 CODE TRANSLATION LIBRARY
Translate character code of Chinese letters among GB, JIS,
KSC, Big5. Not yet supported.
---
Ken'ichi HANDA Electrotechnical Lab., JAPAN. <[email protected]>
Satoru TOMURA Electrotechnical Lab., JAPAN. <[email protected]>
Mikiko NISIKIMI Electrotechnical Lab., JAPAN. <[email protected]>