dap_w6.ipynb

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      "source": [
        "# 실습 준비\n",
        "\n",
        "import pandas as pd\n",
        "import numpy as np\n",
        "import random\n",
        "\n",
        "df_org = pd.read_csv(\"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/datasciencedojo/datasets/master/titanic.csv\")\n",
        "df_org"
      ],
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      "execution_count": 1,
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              "     PassengerId  Survived  Pclass  \\\n",
              "0              1         0       3   \n",
              "1              2         1       1   \n",
              "2              3         1       3   \n",
              "3              4         1       1   \n",
              "4              5         0       3   \n",
              "..           ...       ...     ...   \n",
              "886          887         0       2   \n",
              "887          888         1       1   \n",
              "888          889         0       3   \n",
              "889          890         1       1   \n",
              "890          891         0       3   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                                  Name     Sex   Age  SibSp  \\\n",
              "0                              Braund, Mr. Owen Harris    male  22.0      1   \n",
              "1    Cumings, Mrs. John Bradley (Florence Briggs Th...  female  38.0      1   \n",
              "2                               Heikkinen, Miss. Laina  female  26.0      0   \n",
              "3         Futrelle, Mrs. Jacques Heath (Lily May Peel)  female  35.0      1   \n",
              "4                             Allen, Mr. William Henry    male  35.0      0   \n",
              "..                                                 ...     ...   ...    ...   \n",
              "886                              Montvila, Rev. Juozas    male  27.0      0   \n",
              "887                       Graham, Miss. Margaret Edith  female  19.0      0   \n",
              "888           Johnston, Miss. Catherine Helen \"Carrie\"  female   NaN      1   \n",
              "889                              Behr, Mr. Karl Howell    male  26.0      0   \n",
              "890                                Dooley, Mr. Patrick    male  32.0      0   \n",
              "\n",
              "     Parch            Ticket     Fare Cabin Embarked  \n",
              "0        0         A/5 21171   7.2500   NaN        S  \n",
              "1        0          PC 17599  71.2833   C85        C  \n",
              "2        0  STON/O2. 3101282   7.9250   NaN        S  \n",
              "3        0            113803  53.1000  C123        S  \n",
              "4        0            373450   8.0500   NaN        S  \n",
              "..     ...               ...      ...   ...      ...  \n",
              "886      0            211536  13.0000   NaN        S  \n",
              "887      0            112053  30.0000   B42        S  \n",
              "888      2        W./C. 6607  23.4500   NaN        S  \n",
              "889      0            111369  30.0000  C148        C  \n",
              "890      0            370376   7.7500   NaN        Q  \n",
              "\n",
              "[891 rows x 12 columns]"
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              "      <td>Futrelle, Mrs. Jacques Heath (Lily May Peel)</td>\n",
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              "<p>891 rows × 12 columns</p>\n",
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          "metadata": {},
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    {
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      "source": [
        "## **1. 결측 데이터 처리**\n",
        "\n",
        "---\n",
        "\n",
        "실제 데이터를 다룰 때에는 데이터가 부분적으로 존재하지 않거나(결측), 비정상적인 값을 가지는(이상) 등 본격적인 분석작업에 들어가기 앞서 정리를 해야하는 경우가 아주 많습니다. <br><br>\n",
        "\n",
        "1번 문제에서는 데이터가 부분적으로 부재한 경우인 결측 데이터를 다루는 방법을 연습합니다. <br><br>\n",
        "\n",
        "이론 강의자료 및 교재 실습자료에는 결측치 여부를 확인할 때 `isnull()`을 사용하는 것으로 나와있습니다. `isnull()`은 `isna()`의 alias(바로가기 링크와 비슷하다고 생각하면 됩니다.)로, 용도 및 기능이 완전히 동일하나, 결측치를 다루는 다른 메서드(`dropna()`, `fillna()` 등)와 일관성을 유지하는 차원에서 `isna()`로 이용하는 것을 추천합니다. `notnull()` 또한 마찬가지로, `notna()`로 이용하는 것을 추천합니다.\n",
        "\n",
        "---\n",
        "\n",
        "[DataFrame.isna()](https://pandas.pydata.org/docs/reference/api/pandas.DataFrame.isna.html) <br>\n",
        "[Series.isna()](https://pandas.pydata.org/docs/reference/api/pandas.Series.isna.html) <br>\n",
        "[DataFrame.notna()](https://pandas.pydata.org/docs/reference/api/pandas.DataFrame.notna.html) <br>\n",
        "[Series.notna()](https://pandas.pydata.org/docs/reference/api/pandas.Series.notna.html) <br>\n",
        "[DataFrame.dropna()](https://pandas.pydata.org/docs/reference/api/pandas.DataFrame.dropna.html) <br>\n",
        "[Series.dropna()](https://pandas.pydata.org/docs/reference/api/pandas.Series.dropna.html) <br>\n",
        "[DataFrame.fillna()](https://pandas.pydata.org/docs/reference/api/pandas.DataFrame.fillna.html) <br>\n",
        "[Series.fillna()](https://pandas.pydata.org/docs/reference/api/pandas.Series.fillna.html)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "IaSmJ0E3hjH7"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": 2,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "rXDFWJ_RwfeF",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "outputId": "be45ba07-bce7-41cf-b500-e59cb25ba7a5"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "<class 'pandas.core.frame.DataFrame'>\n",
            "RangeIndex: 891 entries, 0 to 890\n",
            "Data columns (total 12 columns):\n",
            " #   Column       Non-Null Count  Dtype  \n",
            "---  ------       --------------  -----  \n",
            " 0   PassengerId  891 non-null    int64  \n",
            " 1   Survived     791 non-null    float64\n",
            " 2   Pclass       891 non-null    int64  \n",
            " 3   Name         891 non-null    object \n",
            " 4   Sex          891 non-null    object \n",
            " 5   Age          714 non-null    float64\n",
            " 6   SibSp        891 non-null    int64  \n",
            " 7   Parch        891 non-null    int64  \n",
            " 8   Ticket       891 non-null    object \n",
            " 9   Fare         891 non-null    float64\n",
            " 10  Cabin        204 non-null    object \n",
            " 11  Embarked     889 non-null    object \n",
            "dtypes: float64(3), int64(4), object(5)\n",
            "memory usage: 83.7+ KB\n"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "# 데이터 준비\n",
        "df1 = df_org.copy(deep = True)\n",
        "\n",
        "random.seed(42)\n",
        "nantgt1 = random.sample(range(0, len(df_org)), 100)\n",
        "\n",
        "df1.loc[nantgt1, 'Survived'] = np.nan\n",
        "\n",
        "df1.info()"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# 1-1. 나이('Age')가 결측치인 row를 선택하세요.\n",
        "df1[df1['Age'].isna()]"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 423
        },
        "id": "FBSlufhxlGoU",
        "outputId": "eefc0eb0-04de-40de-e528-33e23b08b653"
      },
      "execution_count": 3,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "     PassengerId  Survived  Pclass                                      Name  \\\n",
              "5              6       0.0       3                          Moran, Mr. James   \n",
              "17            18       1.0       2              Williams, Mr. Charles Eugene   \n",
              "19            20       1.0       3                   Masselmani, Mrs. Fatima   \n",
              "26            27       0.0       3                   Emir, Mr. Farred Chehab   \n",
              "28            29       1.0       3             O'Dwyer, Miss. Ellen \"Nellie\"   \n",
              "..           ...       ...     ...                                       ...   \n",
              "859          860       0.0       3                          Razi, Mr. Raihed   \n",
              "863          864       0.0       3         Sage, Miss. Dorothy Edith \"Dolly\"   \n",
              "868          869       0.0       3               van Melkebeke, Mr. Philemon   \n",
              "878          879       NaN       3                        Laleff, Mr. Kristo   \n",
              "888          889       0.0       3  Johnston, Miss. Catherine Helen \"Carrie\"   \n",
              "\n",
              "        Sex  Age  SibSp  Parch      Ticket     Fare Cabin Embarked  \n",
              "5      male  NaN      0      0      330877   8.4583   NaN        Q  \n",
              "17     male  NaN      0      0      244373  13.0000   NaN        S  \n",
              "19   female  NaN      0      0        2649   7.2250   NaN        C  \n",
              "26     male  NaN      0      0        2631   7.2250   NaN        C  \n",
              "28   female  NaN      0      0      330959   7.8792   NaN        Q  \n",
              "..      ...  ...    ...    ...         ...      ...   ...      ...  \n",
              "859    male  NaN      0      0        2629   7.2292   NaN        C  \n",
              "863  female  NaN      8      2    CA. 2343  69.5500   NaN        S  \n",
              "868    male  NaN      0      0      345777   9.5000   NaN        S  \n",
              "878    male  NaN      0      0      349217   7.8958   NaN        S  \n",
              "888  female  NaN      1      2  W./C. 6607  23.4500   NaN        S  \n",
              "\n",
              "[177 rows x 12 columns]"
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              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    90% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "\n",
              "  <script>\n",
              "    async function quickchart(key) {\n",
              "      const quickchartButtonEl =\n",
              "        document.querySelector('#' + key + ' button');\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.disabled = true;  // To prevent multiple clicks.\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.add('colab-df-spinner');\n",
              "      try {\n",
              "        const charts = await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction(\n",
              "            'suggestCharts', [key], {});\n",
              "      } catch (error) {\n",
              "        console.error('Error during call to suggestCharts:', error);\n",
              "      }\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.remove('colab-df-spinner');\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.add('colab-df-quickchart-complete');\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    (() => {\n",
              "      let quickchartButtonEl =\n",
              "        document.querySelector('#df-2f49c6cb-62fc-4c2c-8231-4b3d566f2c4e button');\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.style.display =\n",
              "        google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "    })();\n",
              "  </script>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 3
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# 1-2. notna()를 이용해 선실('Cabin')이 실제 값인(즉, 결측치가 아닌) row를 선택하세요.\n",
        "df1[df1.Cabin.notna()]"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 423
        },
        "id": "UjdsC9yWkJis",
        "outputId": "4912dd39-50fa-4277-8111-45ac05033f15"
      },
      "execution_count": 4,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "     PassengerId  Survived  Pclass  \\\n",
              "1              2       1.0       1   \n",
              "3              4       1.0       1   \n",
              "6              7       NaN       1   \n",
              "10            11       1.0       3   \n",
              "11            12       1.0       1   \n",
              "..           ...       ...     ...   \n",
              "871          872       1.0       1   \n",
              "872          873       0.0       1   \n",
              "879          880       1.0       1   \n",
              "887          888       1.0       1   \n",
              "889          890       1.0       1   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                                  Name     Sex   Age  SibSp  \\\n",
              "1    Cumings, Mrs. John Bradley (Florence Briggs Th...  female  38.0      1   \n",
              "3         Futrelle, Mrs. Jacques Heath (Lily May Peel)  female  35.0      1   \n",
              "6                              McCarthy, Mr. Timothy J    male  54.0      0   \n",
              "10                     Sandstrom, Miss. Marguerite Rut  female   4.0      1   \n",
              "11                            Bonnell, Miss. Elizabeth  female  58.0      0   \n",
              "..                                                 ...     ...   ...    ...   \n",
              "871   Beckwith, Mrs. Richard Leonard (Sallie Monypeny)  female  47.0      1   \n",
              "872                           Carlsson, Mr. Frans Olof    male  33.0      0   \n",
              "879      Potter, Mrs. Thomas Jr (Lily Alexenia Wilson)  female  56.0      0   \n",
              "887                       Graham, Miss. Margaret Edith  female  19.0      0   \n",
              "889                              Behr, Mr. Karl Howell    male  26.0      0   \n",
              "\n",
              "     Parch    Ticket     Fare        Cabin Embarked  \n",
              "1        0  PC 17599  71.2833          C85        C  \n",
              "3        0    113803  53.1000         C123        S  \n",
              "6        0     17463  51.8625          E46        S  \n",
              "10       1   PP 9549  16.7000           G6        S  \n",
              "11       0    113783  26.5500         C103        S  \n",
              "..     ...       ...      ...          ...      ...  \n",
              "871      1     11751  52.5542          D35        S  \n",
              "872      0       695   5.0000  B51 B53 B55        S  \n",
              "879      1     11767  83.1583          C50        C  \n",
              "887      0    112053  30.0000          B42        S  \n",
              "889      0    111369  30.0000         C148        C  \n",
              "\n",
              "[204 rows x 12 columns]"
            ],
            "text/html": [
              "\n",
              "  <div id=\"df-c5c6e874-f0a7-4042-b1e7-c2ead5eed750\" class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
              "    <div>\n",
              "<style scoped>\n",
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              "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
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              "  <thead>\n",
              "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th>PassengerId</th>\n",
              "      <th>Survived</th>\n",
              "      <th>Pclass</th>\n",
              "      <th>Name</th>\n",
              "      <th>Sex</th>\n",
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              "      <th>1</th>\n",
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              "      <td>1.0</td>\n",
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              "      <td>Cumings, Mrs. John Bradley (Florence Briggs Th...</td>\n",
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              "      <td>PC 17599</td>\n",
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              "      <td>1.0</td>\n",
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              "      <td>Futrelle, Mrs. Jacques Heath (Lily May Peel)</td>\n",
              "      <td>female</td>\n",
              "      <td>35.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
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              "      <td>113803</td>\n",
              "      <td>53.1000</td>\n",
              "      <td>C123</td>\n",
              "      <td>S</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>6</th>\n",
              "      <td>7</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>McCarthy, Mr. Timothy J</td>\n",
              "      <td>male</td>\n",
              "      <td>54.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>17463</td>\n",
              "      <td>51.8625</td>\n",
              "      <td>E46</td>\n",
              "      <td>S</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>10</th>\n",
              "      <td>11</td>\n",
              "      <td>1.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "      <td>Sandstrom, Miss. Marguerite Rut</td>\n",
              "      <td>female</td>\n",
              "      <td>4.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>PP 9549</td>\n",
              "      <td>16.7000</td>\n",
              "      <td>G6</td>\n",
              "      <td>S</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>11</th>\n",
              "      <td>12</td>\n",
              "      <td>1.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>Bonnell, Miss. Elizabeth</td>\n",
              "      <td>female</td>\n",
              "      <td>58.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>113783</td>\n",
              "      <td>26.5500</td>\n",
              "      <td>C103</td>\n",
              "      <td>S</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>...</th>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>871</th>\n",
              "      <td>872</td>\n",
              "      <td>1.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>Beckwith, Mrs. Richard Leonard (Sallie Monypeny)</td>\n",
              "      <td>female</td>\n",
              "      <td>47.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>11751</td>\n",
              "      <td>52.5542</td>\n",
              "      <td>D35</td>\n",
              "      <td>S</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>872</th>\n",
              "      <td>873</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>Carlsson, Mr. Frans Olof</td>\n",
              "      <td>male</td>\n",
              "      <td>33.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>695</td>\n",
              "      <td>5.0000</td>\n",
              "      <td>B51 B53 B55</td>\n",
              "      <td>S</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>879</th>\n",
              "      <td>880</td>\n",
              "      <td>1.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>Potter, Mrs. Thomas Jr (Lily Alexenia Wilson)</td>\n",
              "      <td>female</td>\n",
              "      <td>56.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>11767</td>\n",
              "      <td>83.1583</td>\n",
              "      <td>C50</td>\n",
              "      <td>C</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>887</th>\n",
              "      <td>888</td>\n",
              "      <td>1.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>Graham, Miss. Margaret Edith</td>\n",
              "      <td>female</td>\n",
              "      <td>19.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>112053</td>\n",
              "      <td>30.0000</td>\n",
              "      <td>B42</td>\n",
              "      <td>S</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>889</th>\n",
              "      <td>890</td>\n",
              "      <td>1.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>Behr, Mr. Karl Howell</td>\n",
              "      <td>male</td>\n",
              "      <td>26.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>111369</td>\n",
              "      <td>30.0000</td>\n",
              "      <td>C148</td>\n",
              "      <td>C</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </tbody>\n",
              "</table>\n",
              "<p>204 rows × 12 columns</p>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "    <div class=\"colab-df-buttons\">\n",
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              "  </svg>\n",
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              "\n",
              "  <style>\n",
              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
              "      display:flex;\n",
              "      gap: 12px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      border: none;\n",
              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
              "      display: none;\n",
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              "      height: 32px;\n",
              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
              "      width: 32px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
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              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-buttons div {\n",
              "      margin-bottom: 4px;\n",
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              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);\n",
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              "      fill: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  </style>\n",
              "\n",
              "    <script>\n",
              "      const buttonEl =\n",
              "        document.querySelector('#df-c5c6e874-f0a7-4042-b1e7-c2ead5eed750 button.colab-df-convert');\n",
              "      buttonEl.style.display =\n",
              "        google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "\n",
              "      async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
              "        const element = document.querySelector('#df-c5c6e874-f0a7-4042-b1e7-c2ead5eed750');\n",
              "        const dataTable =\n",
              "          await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                    [key], {});\n",
              "        if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "        const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "          '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "          + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "        element.innerHTML = '';\n",
              "        dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
              "        await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
              "        const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
              "        docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
              "        element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
              "      }\n",
              "    </script>\n",
              "  </div>\n",
              "\n",
              "\n",
              "<div id=\"df-ba68b75c-a2ce-449e-a22d-38f3d6b12b6e\">\n",
              "  <button class=\"colab-df-quickchart\" onclick=\"quickchart('df-ba68b75c-a2ce-449e-a22d-38f3d6b12b6e')\"\n",
              "            title=\"Suggest charts.\"\n",
              "            style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "\n",
              "<svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
              "     width=\"24px\">\n",
              "    <g>\n",
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              "    </g>\n",
              "</svg>\n",
              "  </button>\n",
              "\n",
              "<style>\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart {\n",
              "      --bg-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      --fill-color: #1967D2;\n",
              "      --hover-bg-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      --hover-fill-color: #174EA6;\n",
              "      --disabled-fill-color: #AAA;\n",
              "      --disabled-bg-color: #DDD;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  [theme=dark] .colab-df-quickchart {\n",
              "      --bg-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      --fill-color: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "      --hover-bg-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      --hover-fill-color: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "      --disabled-bg-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      --disabled-fill-color: #666;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart {\n",
              "    background-color: var(--bg-color);\n",
              "    border: none;\n",
              "    border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "    cursor: pointer;\n",
              "    display: none;\n",
              "    fill: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    height: 32px;\n",
              "    padding: 0;\n",
              "    width: 32px;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart:hover {\n",
              "    background-color: var(--hover-bg-color);\n",
              "    box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "    fill: var(--button-hover-fill-color);\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart-complete:disabled,\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart-complete:disabled:hover {\n",
              "    background-color: var(--disabled-bg-color);\n",
              "    fill: var(--disabled-fill-color);\n",
              "    box-shadow: none;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  .colab-df-spinner {\n",
              "    border: 2px solid var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    border-color: transparent;\n",
              "    border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    animation:\n",
              "      spin 1s steps(1) infinite;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  @keyframes spin {\n",
              "    0% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-left-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    20% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-left-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-top-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    30% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-left-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-top-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    40% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-top-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    60% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    80% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    90% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "\n",
              "  <script>\n",
              "    async function quickchart(key) {\n",
              "      const quickchartButtonEl =\n",
              "        document.querySelector('#' + key + ' button');\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.disabled = true;  // To prevent multiple clicks.\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.add('colab-df-spinner');\n",
              "      try {\n",
              "        const charts = await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction(\n",
              "            'suggestCharts', [key], {});\n",
              "      } catch (error) {\n",
              "        console.error('Error during call to suggestCharts:', error);\n",
              "      }\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.remove('colab-df-spinner');\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.add('colab-df-quickchart-complete');\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    (() => {\n",
              "      let quickchartButtonEl =\n",
              "        document.querySelector('#df-ba68b75c-a2ce-449e-a22d-38f3d6b12b6e button');\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.style.display =\n",
              "        google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "    })();\n",
              "  </script>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 4
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# 1-3. isna()를 이용해 선실('Cabin')이 실제 값인(즉, 결측치가 아닌) row를 선택하세요.\n",
        "df1[~df1.Cabin.isna()]"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 423
        },
        "id": "UaH5o9Pw2srh",
        "outputId": "be0e4dc0-7d0e-4dd1-8224-16f3ac6bb80e"
      },
      "execution_count": 5,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "     PassengerId  Survived  Pclass  \\\n",
              "1              2       1.0       1   \n",
              "3              4       1.0       1   \n",
              "6              7       NaN       1   \n",
              "10            11       1.0       3   \n",
              "11            12       1.0       1   \n",
              "..           ...       ...     ...   \n",
              "871          872       1.0       1   \n",
              "872          873       0.0       1   \n",
              "879          880       1.0       1   \n",
              "887          888       1.0       1   \n",
              "889          890       1.0       1   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                                  Name     Sex   Age  SibSp  \\\n",
              "1    Cumings, Mrs. John Bradley (Florence Briggs Th...  female  38.0      1   \n",
              "3         Futrelle, Mrs. Jacques Heath (Lily May Peel)  female  35.0      1   \n",
              "6                              McCarthy, Mr. Timothy J    male  54.0      0   \n",
              "10                     Sandstrom, Miss. Marguerite Rut  female   4.0      1   \n",
              "11                            Bonnell, Miss. Elizabeth  female  58.0      0   \n",
              "..                                                 ...     ...   ...    ...   \n",
              "871   Beckwith, Mrs. Richard Leonard (Sallie Monypeny)  female  47.0      1   \n",
              "872                           Carlsson, Mr. Frans Olof    male  33.0      0   \n",
              "879      Potter, Mrs. Thomas Jr (Lily Alexenia Wilson)  female  56.0      0   \n",
              "887                       Graham, Miss. Margaret Edith  female  19.0      0   \n",
              "889                              Behr, Mr. Karl Howell    male  26.0      0   \n",
              "\n",
              "     Parch    Ticket     Fare        Cabin Embarked  \n",
              "1        0  PC 17599  71.2833          C85        C  \n",
              "3        0    113803  53.1000         C123        S  \n",
              "6        0     17463  51.8625          E46        S  \n",
              "10       1   PP 9549  16.7000           G6        S  \n",
              "11       0    113783  26.5500         C103        S  \n",
              "..     ...       ...      ...          ...      ...  \n",
              "871      1     11751  52.5542          D35        S  \n",
              "872      0       695   5.0000  B51 B53 B55        S  \n",
              "879      1     11767  83.1583          C50        C  \n",
              "887      0    112053  30.0000          B42        S  \n",
              "889      0    111369  30.0000         C148        C  \n",
              "\n",
              "[204 rows x 12 columns]"
            ],
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              "      <td>McCarthy, Mr. Timothy J</td>\n",
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              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>10</th>\n",
              "      <td>11</td>\n",
              "      <td>1.0</td>\n",
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              "      <td>female</td>\n",
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              "      <td>Bonnell, Miss. Elizabeth</td>\n",
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              "      <td>58.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>113783</td>\n",
              "      <td>26.5500</td>\n",
              "      <td>C103</td>\n",
              "      <td>S</td>\n",
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              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>...</th>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
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              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
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              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>871</th>\n",
              "      <td>872</td>\n",
              "      <td>1.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>Beckwith, Mrs. Richard Leonard (Sallie Monypeny)</td>\n",
              "      <td>female</td>\n",
              "      <td>47.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>11751</td>\n",
              "      <td>52.5542</td>\n",
              "      <td>D35</td>\n",
              "      <td>S</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>872</th>\n",
              "      <td>873</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>Carlsson, Mr. Frans Olof</td>\n",
              "      <td>male</td>\n",
              "      <td>33.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>695</td>\n",
              "      <td>5.0000</td>\n",
              "      <td>B51 B53 B55</td>\n",
              "      <td>S</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>879</th>\n",
              "      <td>880</td>\n",
              "      <td>1.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>Potter, Mrs. Thomas Jr (Lily Alexenia Wilson)</td>\n",
              "      <td>female</td>\n",
              "      <td>56.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>11767</td>\n",
              "      <td>83.1583</td>\n",
              "      <td>C50</td>\n",
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              "      <th>887</th>\n",
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              "      <td>1.0</td>\n",
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              "      <td>Graham, Miss. Margaret Edith</td>\n",
              "      <td>female</td>\n",
              "      <td>19.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>112053</td>\n",
              "      <td>30.0000</td>\n",
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              "      <td>S</td>\n",
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              "      <th>889</th>\n",
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              "      <td>1.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>Behr, Mr. Karl Howell</td>\n",
              "      <td>male</td>\n",
              "      <td>26.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>111369</td>\n",
              "      <td>30.0000</td>\n",
              "      <td>C148</td>\n",
              "      <td>C</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </tbody>\n",
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              "<p>204 rows × 12 columns</p>\n",
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              "\n",
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              "\n",
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              "      spin 1s steps(1) infinite;\n",
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              "\n",
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              "    0% {\n",
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              "\n",
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              "      const quickchartButtonEl =\n",
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              "      quickchartButtonEl.disabled = true;  // To prevent multiple clicks.\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.add('colab-df-spinner');\n",
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              "        const charts = await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction(\n",
              "            'suggestCharts', [key], {});\n",
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              "        console.error('Error during call to suggestCharts:', error);\n",
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              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.remove('colab-df-spinner');\n",
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              "      quickchartButtonEl.style.display =\n",
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              "</div>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
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            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 5
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# 1-4. 생존 여부('Survived')가 결측치인 row를 제거하세요. (inplace = False)\n",
        "df1.dropna(subset=['Survived'])"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 423
        },
        "id": "8hggpDtN3kS6",
        "outputId": "31400bb9-a02d-42c3-c4e1-5ae2bee3be25"
      },
      "execution_count": 6,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "     PassengerId  Survived  Pclass  \\\n",
              "0              1       0.0       3   \n",
              "1              2       1.0       1   \n",
              "2              3       1.0       3   \n",
              "3              4       1.0       1   \n",
              "4              5       0.0       3   \n",
              "..           ...       ...     ...   \n",
              "886          887       0.0       2   \n",
              "887          888       1.0       1   \n",
              "888          889       0.0       3   \n",
              "889          890       1.0       1   \n",
              "890          891       0.0       3   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                                  Name     Sex   Age  SibSp  \\\n",
              "0                              Braund, Mr. Owen Harris    male  22.0      1   \n",
              "1    Cumings, Mrs. John Bradley (Florence Briggs Th...  female  38.0      1   \n",
              "2                               Heikkinen, Miss. Laina  female  26.0      0   \n",
              "3         Futrelle, Mrs. Jacques Heath (Lily May Peel)  female  35.0      1   \n",
              "4                             Allen, Mr. William Henry    male  35.0      0   \n",
              "..                                                 ...     ...   ...    ...   \n",
              "886                              Montvila, Rev. Juozas    male  27.0      0   \n",
              "887                       Graham, Miss. Margaret Edith  female  19.0      0   \n",
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              "\n",
              "     Parch            Ticket     Fare Cabin Embarked  \n",
              "0        0         A/5 21171   7.2500   NaN        S  \n",
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              "..     ...               ...      ...   ...      ...  \n",
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              "889      0            111369  30.0000  C148        C  \n",
              "890      0            370376   7.7500   NaN        Q  \n",
              "\n",
              "[791 rows x 12 columns]"
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              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>887</th>\n",
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              "      <td>1.0</td>\n",
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              "      <td>Graham, Miss. Margaret Edith</td>\n",
              "      <td>female</td>\n",
              "      <td>19.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
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              "      <td>30.0000</td>\n",
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              "      <td>Johnston, Miss. Catherine Helen \"Carrie\"</td>\n",
              "      <td>female</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
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              "      <td>30.0000</td>\n",
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              "      <td>32.0</td>\n",
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              "      <td>370376</td>\n",
              "      <td>7.7500</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>Q</td>\n",
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              "  </tbody>\n",
              "</table>\n",
              "<p>791 rows × 12 columns</p>\n",
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              "\n",
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              "\n",
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              "\n",
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              "      spin 1s steps(1) infinite;\n",
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              "\n",
              "  @keyframes spin {\n",
              "    0% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
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              "    20% {\n",
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              "\n",
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              "      const quickchartButtonEl =\n",
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              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.add('colab-df-spinner');\n",
              "      try {\n",
              "        const charts = await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction(\n",
              "            'suggestCharts', [key], {});\n",
              "      } catch (error) {\n",
              "        console.error('Error during call to suggestCharts:', error);\n",
              "      }\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.remove('colab-df-spinner');\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.add('colab-df-quickchart-complete');\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    (() => {\n",
              "      let quickchartButtonEl =\n",
              "        document.querySelector('#df-c5d656d4-1ab2-4dc7-b5e7-cebb532d8942 button');\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.style.display =\n",
              "        google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
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              "  </script>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 6
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# 1-5. 결측치를 가지는 column을 모두 제거하세요. (inplace = False)\n",
        "df1.dropna(axis=1)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 423
        },
        "id": "htUE8mJT09Qh",
        "outputId": "75efc2fb-2af0-4815-abe5-5d627fa5fd13"
      },
      "execution_count": 7,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "     PassengerId  Pclass                                               Name  \\\n",
              "0              1       3                            Braund, Mr. Owen Harris   \n",
              "1              2       1  Cumings, Mrs. John Bradley (Florence Briggs Th...   \n",
              "2              3       3                             Heikkinen, Miss. Laina   \n",
              "3              4       1       Futrelle, Mrs. Jacques Heath (Lily May Peel)   \n",
              "4              5       3                           Allen, Mr. William Henry   \n",
              "..           ...     ...                                                ...   \n",
              "886          887       2                              Montvila, Rev. Juozas   \n",
              "887          888       1                       Graham, Miss. Margaret Edith   \n",
              "888          889       3           Johnston, Miss. Catherine Helen \"Carrie\"   \n",
              "889          890       1                              Behr, Mr. Karl Howell   \n",
              "890          891       3                                Dooley, Mr. Patrick   \n",
              "\n",
              "        Sex  SibSp  Parch            Ticket     Fare  \n",
              "0      male      1      0         A/5 21171   7.2500  \n",
              "1    female      1      0          PC 17599  71.2833  \n",
              "2    female      0      0  STON/O2. 3101282   7.9250  \n",
              "3    female      1      0            113803  53.1000  \n",
              "4      male      0      0            373450   8.0500  \n",
              "..      ...    ...    ...               ...      ...  \n",
              "886    male      0      0            211536  13.0000  \n",
              "887  female      0      0            112053  30.0000  \n",
              "888  female      1      2        W./C. 6607  23.4500  \n",
              "889    male      0      0            111369  30.0000  \n",
              "890    male      0      0            370376   7.7500  \n",
              "\n",
              "[891 rows x 8 columns]"
            ],
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              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>A/5 21171</td>\n",
              "      <td>7.2500</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>1</th>\n",
              "      <td>2</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>Cumings, Mrs. John Bradley (Florence Briggs Th...</td>\n",
              "      <td>female</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>PC 17599</td>\n",
              "      <td>71.2833</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>2</th>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "      <td>Heikkinen, Miss. Laina</td>\n",
              "      <td>female</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>STON/O2. 3101282</td>\n",
              "      <td>7.9250</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>3</th>\n",
              "      <td>4</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>Futrelle, Mrs. Jacques Heath (Lily May Peel)</td>\n",
              "      <td>female</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>113803</td>\n",
              "      <td>53.1000</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>4</th>\n",
              "      <td>5</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "      <td>Allen, Mr. William Henry</td>\n",
              "      <td>male</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>373450</td>\n",
              "      <td>8.0500</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>...</th>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>886</th>\n",
              "      <td>887</td>\n",
              "      <td>2</td>\n",
              "      <td>Montvila, Rev. Juozas</td>\n",
              "      <td>male</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>211536</td>\n",
              "      <td>13.0000</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>887</th>\n",
              "      <td>888</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>Graham, Miss. Margaret Edith</td>\n",
              "      <td>female</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>112053</td>\n",
              "      <td>30.0000</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>888</th>\n",
              "      <td>889</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "      <td>Johnston, Miss. Catherine Helen \"Carrie\"</td>\n",
              "      <td>female</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>2</td>\n",
              "      <td>W./C. 6607</td>\n",
              "      <td>23.4500</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>889</th>\n",
              "      <td>890</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>Behr, Mr. Karl Howell</td>\n",
              "      <td>male</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>111369</td>\n",
              "      <td>30.0000</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>890</th>\n",
              "      <td>891</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "      <td>Dooley, Mr. Patrick</td>\n",
              "      <td>male</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>370376</td>\n",
              "      <td>7.7500</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </tbody>\n",
              "</table>\n",
              "<p>891 rows × 8 columns</p>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "    <div class=\"colab-df-buttons\">\n",
              "\n",
              "  <div class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
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              "  <style>\n",
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              "      display:flex;\n",
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              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
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              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
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              "        document.querySelector('#df-b01ee2dc-5533-4337-997c-ca247aaa9347 button.colab-df-convert');\n",
              "      buttonEl.style.display =\n",
              "        google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "\n",
              "      async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
              "        const element = document.querySelector('#df-b01ee2dc-5533-4337-997c-ca247aaa9347');\n",
              "        const dataTable =\n",
              "          await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                    [key], {});\n",
              "        if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "        const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "          '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "          + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "        element.innerHTML = '';\n",
              "        dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
              "        await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
              "        const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
              "        docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
              "        element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
              "      }\n",
              "    </script>\n",
              "  </div>\n",
              "\n",
              "\n",
              "<div id=\"df-256e9466-5715-4e35-9b80-f963a77cd03a\">\n",
              "  <button class=\"colab-df-quickchart\" onclick=\"quickchart('df-256e9466-5715-4e35-9b80-f963a77cd03a')\"\n",
              "            title=\"Suggest charts.\"\n",
              "            style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "\n",
              "<svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
              "     width=\"24px\">\n",
              "    <g>\n",
              "        <path d=\"M19 3H5c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h14c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V5c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zM9 17H7v-7h2v7zm4 0h-2V7h2v10zm4 0h-2v-4h2v4z\"/>\n",
              "    </g>\n",
              "</svg>\n",
              "  </button>\n",
              "\n",
              "<style>\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart {\n",
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              "      --disabled-fill-color: #AAA;\n",
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              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  [theme=dark] .colab-df-quickchart {\n",
              "      --bg-color: #3B4455;\n",
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              "    fill: var(--fill-color);\n",
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              "    width: 32px;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart:hover {\n",
              "    background-color: var(--hover-bg-color);\n",
              "    box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "    fill: var(--button-hover-fill-color);\n",
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              "\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart-complete:disabled,\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart-complete:disabled:hover {\n",
              "    background-color: var(--disabled-bg-color);\n",
              "    fill: var(--disabled-fill-color);\n",
              "    box-shadow: none;\n",
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              "\n",
              "  .colab-df-spinner {\n",
              "    border: 2px solid var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    border-color: transparent;\n",
              "    border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    animation:\n",
              "      spin 1s steps(1) infinite;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  @keyframes spin {\n",
              "    0% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
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              "    20% {\n",
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              "      border-left-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-top-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
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              "    40% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-top-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    60% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
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              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
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              "    90% {\n",
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              "      border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
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              "\n",
              "  <script>\n",
              "    async function quickchart(key) {\n",
              "      const quickchartButtonEl =\n",
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              "      quickchartButtonEl.disabled = true;  // To prevent multiple clicks.\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.add('colab-df-spinner');\n",
              "      try {\n",
              "        const charts = await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction(\n",
              "            'suggestCharts', [key], {});\n",
              "      } catch (error) {\n",
              "        console.error('Error during call to suggestCharts:', error);\n",
              "      }\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.remove('colab-df-spinner');\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.add('colab-df-quickchart-complete');\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    (() => {\n",
              "      let quickchartButtonEl =\n",
              "        document.querySelector('#df-256e9466-5715-4e35-9b80-f963a77cd03a button');\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.style.display =\n",
              "        google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "    })();\n",
              "  </script>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 7
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# 1-6. 세 개 이상의 열에 결측치를 가지는 row를 모두 제거하세요. (inplace = False) ** dropna()의 thresh 파라미터를 확인하세요. **\n",
        "df1.dropna(thresh = len(df1.columns) - 2)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 423
        },
        "id": "Ayqfi-lKzZnm",
        "outputId": "633abe87-eda3-4939-94d9-8d51d8de9746"
      },
      "execution_count": 8,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "     PassengerId  Survived  Pclass  \\\n",
              "0              1       0.0       3   \n",
              "1              2       1.0       1   \n",
              "2              3       1.0       3   \n",
              "3              4       1.0       1   \n",
              "4              5       0.0       3   \n",
              "..           ...       ...     ...   \n",
              "886          887       0.0       2   \n",
              "887          888       1.0       1   \n",
              "888          889       0.0       3   \n",
              "889          890       1.0       1   \n",
              "890          891       0.0       3   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                                  Name     Sex   Age  SibSp  \\\n",
              "0                              Braund, Mr. Owen Harris    male  22.0      1   \n",
              "1    Cumings, Mrs. John Bradley (Florence Briggs Th...  female  38.0      1   \n",
              "2                               Heikkinen, Miss. Laina  female  26.0      0   \n",
              "3         Futrelle, Mrs. Jacques Heath (Lily May Peel)  female  35.0      1   \n",
              "4                             Allen, Mr. William Henry    male  35.0      0   \n",
              "..                                                 ...     ...   ...    ...   \n",
              "886                              Montvila, Rev. Juozas    male  27.0      0   \n",
              "887                       Graham, Miss. Margaret Edith  female  19.0      0   \n",
              "888           Johnston, Miss. Catherine Helen \"Carrie\"  female   NaN      1   \n",
              "889                              Behr, Mr. Karl Howell    male  26.0      0   \n",
              "890                                Dooley, Mr. Patrick    male  32.0      0   \n",
              "\n",
              "     Parch            Ticket     Fare Cabin Embarked  \n",
              "0        0         A/5 21171   7.2500   NaN        S  \n",
              "1        0          PC 17599  71.2833   C85        C  \n",
              "2        0  STON/O2. 3101282   7.9250   NaN        S  \n",
              "3        0            113803  53.1000  C123        S  \n",
              "4        0            373450   8.0500   NaN        S  \n",
              "..     ...               ...      ...   ...      ...  \n",
              "886      0            211536  13.0000   NaN        S  \n",
              "887      0            112053  30.0000   B42        S  \n",
              "888      2        W./C. 6607  23.4500   NaN        S  \n",
              "889      0            111369  30.0000  C148        C  \n",
              "890      0            370376   7.7500   NaN        Q  \n",
              "\n",
              "[867 rows x 12 columns]"
            ],
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              "      <td>Montvila, Rev. Juozas</td>\n",
              "      <td>male</td>\n",
              "      <td>27.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>211536</td>\n",
              "      <td>13.0000</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>S</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>887</th>\n",
              "      <td>888</td>\n",
              "      <td>1.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>Graham, Miss. Margaret Edith</td>\n",
              "      <td>female</td>\n",
              "      <td>19.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>112053</td>\n",
              "      <td>30.0000</td>\n",
              "      <td>B42</td>\n",
              "      <td>S</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>888</th>\n",
              "      <td>889</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "      <td>Johnston, Miss. Catherine Helen \"Carrie\"</td>\n",
              "      <td>female</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>2</td>\n",
              "      <td>W./C. 6607</td>\n",
              "      <td>23.4500</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>S</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>889</th>\n",
              "      <td>890</td>\n",
              "      <td>1.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>Behr, Mr. Karl Howell</td>\n",
              "      <td>male</td>\n",
              "      <td>26.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>111369</td>\n",
              "      <td>30.0000</td>\n",
              "      <td>C148</td>\n",
              "      <td>C</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>890</th>\n",
              "      <td>891</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "      <td>Dooley, Mr. Patrick</td>\n",
              "      <td>male</td>\n",
              "      <td>32.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>370376</td>\n",
              "      <td>7.7500</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>Q</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </tbody>\n",
              "</table>\n",
              "<p>867 rows × 12 columns</p>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "    <div class=\"colab-df-buttons\">\n",
              "\n",
              "  <div class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
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              "            title=\"Convert this dataframe to an interactive table.\"\n",
              "            style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "\n",
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              "  </svg>\n",
              "    </button>\n",
              "\n",
              "  <style>\n",
              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
              "      display:flex;\n",
              "      gap: 12px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      border: none;\n",
              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
              "      display: none;\n",
              "      fill: #1967D2;\n",
              "      height: 32px;\n",
              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
              "      width: 32px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "      fill: #174EA6;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-buttons div {\n",
              "      margin-bottom: 4px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);\n",
              "      filter: drop-shadow(0px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));\n",
              "      fill: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  </style>\n",
              "\n",
              "    <script>\n",
              "      const buttonEl =\n",
              "        document.querySelector('#df-b87d893b-9f09-46a3-8d6e-4f80e2a11135 button.colab-df-convert');\n",
              "      buttonEl.style.display =\n",
              "        google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "\n",
              "      async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
              "        const element = document.querySelector('#df-b87d893b-9f09-46a3-8d6e-4f80e2a11135');\n",
              "        const dataTable =\n",
              "          await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                    [key], {});\n",
              "        if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "        const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "          '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "          + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "        element.innerHTML = '';\n",
              "        dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
              "        await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
              "        const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
              "        docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
              "        element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
              "      }\n",
              "    </script>\n",
              "  </div>\n",
              "\n",
              "\n",
              "<div id=\"df-db4f285a-49f7-4d90-a998-a0e191e681e6\">\n",
              "  <button class=\"colab-df-quickchart\" onclick=\"quickchart('df-db4f285a-49f7-4d90-a998-a0e191e681e6')\"\n",
              "            title=\"Suggest charts.\"\n",
              "            style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "\n",
              "<svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
              "     width=\"24px\">\n",
              "    <g>\n",
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              "    </g>\n",
              "</svg>\n",
              "  </button>\n",
              "\n",
              "<style>\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart {\n",
              "      --bg-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      --fill-color: #1967D2;\n",
              "      --hover-bg-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      --hover-fill-color: #174EA6;\n",
              "      --disabled-fill-color: #AAA;\n",
              "      --disabled-bg-color: #DDD;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  [theme=dark] .colab-df-quickchart {\n",
              "      --bg-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      --fill-color: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "      --hover-bg-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      --hover-fill-color: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "      --disabled-bg-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      --disabled-fill-color: #666;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart {\n",
              "    background-color: var(--bg-color);\n",
              "    border: none;\n",
              "    border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "    cursor: pointer;\n",
              "    display: none;\n",
              "    fill: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    height: 32px;\n",
              "    padding: 0;\n",
              "    width: 32px;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart:hover {\n",
              "    background-color: var(--hover-bg-color);\n",
              "    box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "    fill: var(--button-hover-fill-color);\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart-complete:disabled,\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart-complete:disabled:hover {\n",
              "    background-color: var(--disabled-bg-color);\n",
              "    fill: var(--disabled-fill-color);\n",
              "    box-shadow: none;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  .colab-df-spinner {\n",
              "    border: 2px solid var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    border-color: transparent;\n",
              "    border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    animation:\n",
              "      spin 1s steps(1) infinite;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  @keyframes spin {\n",
              "    0% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-left-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    20% {\n",
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              "      border-left-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-top-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    30% {\n",
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              "      border-left-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-top-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    40% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-top-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    60% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    80% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    90% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "\n",
              "  <script>\n",
              "    async function quickchart(key) {\n",
              "      const quickchartButtonEl =\n",
              "        document.querySelector('#' + key + ' button');\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.disabled = true;  // To prevent multiple clicks.\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.add('colab-df-spinner');\n",
              "      try {\n",
              "        const charts = await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction(\n",
              "            'suggestCharts', [key], {});\n",
              "      } catch (error) {\n",
              "        console.error('Error during call to suggestCharts:', error);\n",
              "      }\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.remove('colab-df-spinner');\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.add('colab-df-quickchart-complete');\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    (() => {\n",
              "      let quickchartButtonEl =\n",
              "        document.querySelector('#df-db4f285a-49f7-4d90-a998-a0e191e681e6 button');\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.style.display =\n",
              "        google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "    })();\n",
              "  </script>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 8
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# 1-7 나이('Age')의 결측치를 평균 나이로 대체하세요. (inplace = False)\n",
        "df1['Age'].fillna(df1['Age'].mean())"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "ynewm5l-kJ1x",
        "outputId": "cc0c278c-8c65-4ef3-a45a-227d7bce69c9"
      },
      "execution_count": 9,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "0      22.000000\n",
              "1      38.000000\n",
              "2      26.000000\n",
              "3      35.000000\n",
              "4      35.000000\n",
              "         ...    \n",
              "886    27.000000\n",
              "887    19.000000\n",
              "888    29.699118\n",
              "889    26.000000\n",
              "890    32.000000\n",
              "Name: Age, Length: 891, dtype: float64"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 9
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# 1-8 생존 여부는 0/1로 \"평균\" 값을 가지지 않습니다. 생존 여부('Survived')의 결측치를 최빈값(mode)으로 대체하세요. (inplace = True)\n",
        "# 최빈값은 여러개일 수 있음에 유의하세요. mode()는 Series를 반환합니다.\n",
        "df1['Survived'] = df1['Survived'].fillna(df1['Survived'].mode()[0])\n",
        "\n",
        "###### 아래는 수정하지 마세요.\n",
        "print(df1['Survived'].value_counts())\n",
        "df1.loc[nantgt1]"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 478
        },
        "id": "d7IMHYuDFVX7",
        "outputId": "5c35053c-a93b-40f2-ab15-87aab7e46e55"
      },
      "execution_count": 10,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "0.0    584\n",
            "1.0    307\n",
            "Name: Survived, dtype: int64\n"
          ]
        },
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "     PassengerId  Survived  Pclass  \\\n",
              "654          655       0.0       3   \n",
              "114          115       0.0       3   \n",
              "25            26       0.0       3   \n",
              "759          760       0.0       1   \n",
              "281          282       0.0       3   \n",
              "..           ...       ...     ...   \n",
              "73            74       0.0       3   \n",
              "623          624       0.0       3   \n",
              "806          807       0.0       1   \n",
              "175          176       0.0       3   \n",
              "546          547       0.0       2   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                                  Name     Sex   Age  SibSp  \\\n",
              "654                       Hegarty, Miss. Hanora \"Nora\"  female  18.0      0   \n",
              "114                              Attalah, Miss. Malake  female  17.0      0   \n",
              "25   Asplund, Mrs. Carl Oscar (Selma Augusta Emilia...  female  38.0      1   \n",
              "759  Rothes, the Countess. of (Lucy Noel Martha Dye...  female  33.0      0   \n",
              "281                   Olsson, Mr. Nils Johan Goransson    male  28.0      0   \n",
              "..                                                 ...     ...   ...    ...   \n",
              "73                         Chronopoulos, Mr. Apostolos    male  26.0      1   \n",
              "623                        Hansen, Mr. Henry Damsgaard    male  21.0      0   \n",
              "806                             Andrews, Mr. Thomas Jr    male  39.0      0   \n",
              "175                             Klasen, Mr. Klas Albin    male  18.0      1   \n",
              "546                  Beane, Mrs. Edward (Ethel Clarke)  female  19.0      1   \n",
              "\n",
              "     Parch  Ticket     Fare Cabin Embarked  \n",
              "654      0  365226   6.7500   NaN        Q  \n",
              "114      0    2627  14.4583   NaN        C  \n",
              "25       5  347077  31.3875   NaN        S  \n",
              "759      0  110152  86.5000   B77        S  \n",
              "281      0  347464   7.8542   NaN        S  \n",
              "..     ...     ...      ...   ...      ...  \n",
              "73       0    2680  14.4542   NaN        C  \n",
              "623      0  350029   7.8542   NaN        S  \n",
              "806      0  112050   0.0000   A36        S  \n",
              "175      1  350404   7.8542   NaN        S  \n",
              "546      0    2908  26.0000   NaN        S  \n",
              "\n",
              "[100 rows x 12 columns]"
            ],
            "text/html": [
              "\n",
              "  <div id=\"df-c7037da5-7e83-4e3d-a63e-cd8ed7993c96\" class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
              "    <div>\n",
              "<style scoped>\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
              "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
              "        vertical-align: top;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
              "        text-align: right;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
              "  <thead>\n",
              "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th>PassengerId</th>\n",
              "      <th>Survived</th>\n",
              "      <th>Pclass</th>\n",
              "      <th>Name</th>\n",
              "      <th>Sex</th>\n",
              "      <th>Age</th>\n",
              "      <th>SibSp</th>\n",
              "      <th>Parch</th>\n",
              "      <th>Ticket</th>\n",
              "      <th>Fare</th>\n",
              "      <th>Cabin</th>\n",
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              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </thead>\n",
              "  <tbody>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>654</th>\n",
              "      <td>655</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "      <td>Hegarty, Miss. Hanora \"Nora\"</td>\n",
              "      <td>female</td>\n",
              "      <td>18.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>365226</td>\n",
              "      <td>6.7500</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>Q</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>114</th>\n",
              "      <td>115</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "      <td>Attalah, Miss. Malake</td>\n",
              "      <td>female</td>\n",
              "      <td>17.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
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              "      <td>2627</td>\n",
              "      <td>14.4583</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>C</td>\n",
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              "      <th>25</th>\n",
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              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "      <td>Asplund, Mrs. Carl Oscar (Selma Augusta Emilia...</td>\n",
              "      <td>female</td>\n",
              "      <td>38.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>5</td>\n",
              "      <td>347077</td>\n",
              "      <td>31.3875</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>S</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>759</th>\n",
              "      <td>760</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>Rothes, the Countess. of (Lucy Noel Martha Dye...</td>\n",
              "      <td>female</td>\n",
              "      <td>33.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>110152</td>\n",
              "      <td>86.5000</td>\n",
              "      <td>B77</td>\n",
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              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>281</th>\n",
              "      <td>282</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "      <td>Olsson, Mr. Nils Johan Goransson</td>\n",
              "      <td>male</td>\n",
              "      <td>28.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>347464</td>\n",
              "      <td>7.8542</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>S</td>\n",
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              "    <tr>\n",
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              "      <th>73</th>\n",
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              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "      <td>Chronopoulos, Mr. Apostolos</td>\n",
              "      <td>male</td>\n",
              "      <td>26.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2680</td>\n",
              "      <td>14.4542</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>C</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>623</th>\n",
              "      <td>624</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "      <td>Hansen, Mr. Henry Damsgaard</td>\n",
              "      <td>male</td>\n",
              "      <td>21.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>350029</td>\n",
              "      <td>7.8542</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>S</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>806</th>\n",
              "      <td>807</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>Andrews, Mr. Thomas Jr</td>\n",
              "      <td>male</td>\n",
              "      <td>39.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>112050</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0000</td>\n",
              "      <td>A36</td>\n",
              "      <td>S</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>175</th>\n",
              "      <td>176</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "      <td>Klasen, Mr. Klas Albin</td>\n",
              "      <td>male</td>\n",
              "      <td>18.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>350404</td>\n",
              "      <td>7.8542</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>S</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>546</th>\n",
              "      <td>547</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2</td>\n",
              "      <td>Beane, Mrs. Edward (Ethel Clarke)</td>\n",
              "      <td>female</td>\n",
              "      <td>19.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2908</td>\n",
              "      <td>26.0000</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>S</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </tbody>\n",
              "</table>\n",
              "<p>100 rows × 12 columns</p>\n",
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              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart:hover {\n",
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              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart-complete:disabled,\n",
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              "\n",
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              "      spin 1s steps(1) infinite;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  @keyframes spin {\n",
              "    0% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
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              "\n",
              "  <script>\n",
              "    async function quickchart(key) {\n",
              "      const quickchartButtonEl =\n",
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              "      quickchartButtonEl.disabled = true;  // To prevent multiple clicks.\n",
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              "        const charts = await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction(\n",
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              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.add('colab-df-quickchart-complete');\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    (() => {\n",
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              "        google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
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              "</div>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 10
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# 1-9 선실('Cabin')은 문자열 데이터입니다. 선실의 결측치를 'N/A'라는 문자열으로 대체하세요. (inplace = False)\n",
        "df1['Cabin'].fillna('N/A')"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "m5K32xtKGRPm",
        "outputId": "b9c6bb3f-548d-4598-eaa2-c297d5a975c8"
      },
      "execution_count": 11,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "0       N/A\n",
              "1       C85\n",
              "2       N/A\n",
              "3      C123\n",
              "4       N/A\n",
              "       ... \n",
              "886     N/A\n",
              "887     B42\n",
              "888     N/A\n",
              "889    C148\n",
              "890     N/A\n",
              "Name: Cabin, Length: 891, dtype: object"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 11
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "## **2. 이상 데이터 처리**\n",
        "\n",
        "---\n",
        "\n",
        "이상값은 자료형 등에 따라 여러 방식으로 나타납니다. 0보다 크거나 같은 정수로 구성된 사람의 나이의 경우를 보면, 140세와 같이 일반적인 사람의 수명보다 월등히 큰 수치가 데이터에 포함되어 있거나, 31.7세, -20세와 같이 아예 있을 수 없는 값이 들어있기도 합니다. 문자열의 경우에는 더 복잡해지는데, 사람의 이름을 담은 데이터에 `'Yyyyyyy Xxxxxxx'`와 같이 비정상적인 이름이 들어있거나, 데이터를 수집하고 저장하는 과정에서 `'John\\tDoe\\r\\n'`와 같이 특수문자가 처리되지 않고 문자열에 섞여있을 수도 있습니다. <br><br>\n",
        "\n",
        "여기에서는 이론 강의에서 설명된, 수치로 구성된 데이터에서 이상값을 분별하는 간단한 방법인 IQR을 이용한 방법을 연습합니다. <br>\n",
        "\n",
        "---\n",
        "\n",
        "[IQR](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interquartile_range)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "k3yR5qcehpPq"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# 데이터 준비\n",
        "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt\n",
        "\n",
        "df2 = pd.read_csv(\"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/selva86/datasets/master/Cars93_miss.csv\")\n",
        "df2"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 617
        },
        "id": "CUlbDRdGJaqS",
        "outputId": "24520d64-7895-4acc-e60e-395bf1e0d784"
      },
      "execution_count": 12,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "   Manufacturer    Model     Type  Min.Price  Price  Max.Price  MPG.city  \\\n",
              "0         Acura  Integra    Small       12.9   15.9       18.8      25.0   \n",
              "1           NaN   Legend  Midsize       29.2   33.9       38.7      18.0   \n",
              "2          Audi       90  Compact       25.9   29.1       32.3      20.0   \n",
              "3          Audi      100  Midsize        NaN   37.7       44.6      19.0   \n",
              "4           BMW     535i  Midsize        NaN   30.0        NaN      22.0   \n",
              "..          ...      ...      ...        ...    ...        ...       ...   \n",
              "88   Volkswagen  Eurovan      Van       16.6   19.7       22.7      17.0   \n",
              "89   Volkswagen   Passat  Compact       17.6   20.0       22.4      21.0   \n",
              "90   Volkswagen  Corrado   Sporty       22.9   23.3       23.7      18.0   \n",
              "91        Volvo      240  Compact       21.8   22.7       23.5      21.0   \n",
              "92          NaN      850  Midsize       24.8   26.7       28.5      20.0   \n",
              "\n",
              "    MPG.highway             AirBags DriveTrain  ... Passengers  Length  \\\n",
              "0          31.0                None      Front  ...        5.0   177.0   \n",
              "1          25.0  Driver & Passenger      Front  ...        5.0   195.0   \n",
              "2          26.0         Driver only      Front  ...        5.0   180.0   \n",
              "3          26.0  Driver & Passenger        NaN  ...        6.0   193.0   \n",
              "4          30.0                 NaN       Rear  ...        4.0   186.0   \n",
              "..          ...                 ...        ...  ...        ...     ...   \n",
              "88         21.0                None      Front  ...        7.0   187.0   \n",
              "89         30.0                None      Front  ...        5.0   180.0   \n",
              "90         25.0                None      Front  ...        4.0   159.0   \n",
              "91         28.0         Driver only       Rear  ...        5.0   190.0   \n",
              "92         28.0  Driver & Passenger      Front  ...        5.0   184.0   \n",
              "\n",
              "    Wheelbase  Width  Turn.circle Rear.seat.room  Luggage.room  Weight  \\\n",
              "0       102.0   68.0         37.0           26.5           NaN  2705.0   \n",
              "1       115.0   71.0         38.0           30.0          15.0  3560.0   \n",
              "2       102.0   67.0         37.0           28.0          14.0  3375.0   \n",
              "3       106.0    NaN         37.0           31.0          17.0  3405.0   \n",
              "4       109.0   69.0         39.0           27.0          13.0  3640.0   \n",
              "..        ...    ...          ...            ...           ...     ...   \n",
              "88      115.0   72.0         38.0           34.0           NaN  3960.0   \n",
              "89      103.0   67.0         35.0           31.5          14.0  2985.0   \n",
              "90       97.0   66.0         36.0           26.0          15.0  2810.0   \n",
              "91      104.0   67.0         37.0           29.5          14.0  2985.0   \n",
              "92      105.0   69.0         38.0           30.0          15.0  3245.0   \n",
              "\n",
              "     Origin                Make  \n",
              "0   non-USA       Acura Integra  \n",
              "1   non-USA        Acura Legend  \n",
              "2   non-USA             Audi 90  \n",
              "3   non-USA            Audi 100  \n",
              "4   non-USA            BMW 535i  \n",
              "..      ...                 ...  \n",
              "88      NaN  Volkswagen Eurovan  \n",
              "89  non-USA   Volkswagen Passat  \n",
              "90  non-USA  Volkswagen Corrado  \n",
              "91  non-USA           Volvo 240  \n",
              "92  non-USA           Volvo 850  \n",
              "\n",
              "[93 rows x 27 columns]"
            ],
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              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th>Manufacturer</th>\n",
              "      <th>Model</th>\n",
              "      <th>Type</th>\n",
              "      <th>Min.Price</th>\n",
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              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>0</th>\n",
              "      <td>Acura</td>\n",
              "      <td>Integra</td>\n",
              "      <td>Small</td>\n",
              "      <td>12.9</td>\n",
              "      <td>15.9</td>\n",
              "      <td>18.8</td>\n",
              "      <td>25.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>31.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>Front</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>5.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>177.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>102.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>68.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>37.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>26.5</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>2705.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>non-USA</td>\n",
              "      <td>Acura Integra</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>1</th>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>Legend</td>\n",
              "      <td>Midsize</td>\n",
              "      <td>29.2</td>\n",
              "      <td>33.9</td>\n",
              "      <td>38.7</td>\n",
              "      <td>18.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>25.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>Driver &amp; Passenger</td>\n",
              "      <td>Front</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>5.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>195.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>115.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>71.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>38.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>30.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>15.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>3560.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>non-USA</td>\n",
              "      <td>Acura Legend</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>2</th>\n",
              "      <td>Audi</td>\n",
              "      <td>90</td>\n",
              "      <td>Compact</td>\n",
              "      <td>25.9</td>\n",
              "      <td>29.1</td>\n",
              "      <td>32.3</td>\n",
              "      <td>20.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>26.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>Driver only</td>\n",
              "      <td>Front</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>5.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>180.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>102.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>67.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>37.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>28.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>14.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>3375.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>non-USA</td>\n",
              "      <td>Audi 90</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>3</th>\n",
              "      <td>Audi</td>\n",
              "      <td>100</td>\n",
              "      <td>Midsize</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>37.7</td>\n",
              "      <td>44.6</td>\n",
              "      <td>19.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>26.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>Driver &amp; Passenger</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>6.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>193.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>106.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>37.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>31.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>17.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>3405.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>non-USA</td>\n",
              "      <td>Audi 100</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>4</th>\n",
              "      <td>BMW</td>\n",
              "      <td>535i</td>\n",
              "      <td>Midsize</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>30.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>22.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>30.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>Rear</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>4.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>186.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>109.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>69.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>39.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>27.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>13.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>3640.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>non-USA</td>\n",
              "      <td>BMW 535i</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>...</th>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>88</th>\n",
              "      <td>Volkswagen</td>\n",
              "      <td>Eurovan</td>\n",
              "      <td>Van</td>\n",
              "      <td>16.6</td>\n",
              "      <td>19.7</td>\n",
              "      <td>22.7</td>\n",
              "      <td>17.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>21.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>Front</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>7.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>187.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>115.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>72.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>38.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>34.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>3960.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>Volkswagen Eurovan</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>89</th>\n",
              "      <td>Volkswagen</td>\n",
              "      <td>Passat</td>\n",
              "      <td>Compact</td>\n",
              "      <td>17.6</td>\n",
              "      <td>20.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>22.4</td>\n",
              "      <td>21.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>30.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>Front</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>5.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>180.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>103.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>67.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>35.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>31.5</td>\n",
              "      <td>14.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2985.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>non-USA</td>\n",
              "      <td>Volkswagen Passat</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>90</th>\n",
              "      <td>Volkswagen</td>\n",
              "      <td>Corrado</td>\n",
              "      <td>Sporty</td>\n",
              "      <td>22.9</td>\n",
              "      <td>23.3</td>\n",
              "      <td>23.7</td>\n",
              "      <td>18.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>25.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>Front</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>4.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>159.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>97.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>66.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>36.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>26.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>15.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2810.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>non-USA</td>\n",
              "      <td>Volkswagen Corrado</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>91</th>\n",
              "      <td>Volvo</td>\n",
              "      <td>240</td>\n",
              "      <td>Compact</td>\n",
              "      <td>21.8</td>\n",
              "      <td>22.7</td>\n",
              "      <td>23.5</td>\n",
              "      <td>21.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>28.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>Driver only</td>\n",
              "      <td>Rear</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>5.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>190.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>104.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>67.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>37.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>29.5</td>\n",
              "      <td>14.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2985.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>non-USA</td>\n",
              "      <td>Volvo 240</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>92</th>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>850</td>\n",
              "      <td>Midsize</td>\n",
              "      <td>24.8</td>\n",
              "      <td>26.7</td>\n",
              "      <td>28.5</td>\n",
              "      <td>20.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>28.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>Driver &amp; Passenger</td>\n",
              "      <td>Front</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>5.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>184.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>105.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>69.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>38.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>30.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>15.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>3245.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>non-USA</td>\n",
              "      <td>Volvo 850</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </tbody>\n",
              "</table>\n",
              "<p>93 rows × 27 columns</p>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "    <div class=\"colab-df-buttons\">\n",
              "\n",
              "  <div class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
              "    <button class=\"colab-df-convert\" onclick=\"convertToInteractive('df-e99999c6-9ced-403d-a86b-cf02114b02b2')\"\n",
              "            title=\"Convert this dataframe to an interactive table.\"\n",
              "            style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "\n",
              "  <svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\" viewBox=\"0 -960 960 960\">\n",
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              "  </svg>\n",
              "    </button>\n",
              "\n",
              "  <style>\n",
              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
              "      display:flex;\n",
              "      gap: 12px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      border: none;\n",
              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
              "      display: none;\n",
              "      fill: #1967D2;\n",
              "      height: 32px;\n",
              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
              "      width: 32px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "      fill: #174EA6;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-buttons div {\n",
              "      margin-bottom: 4px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);\n",
              "      filter: drop-shadow(0px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));\n",
              "      fill: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  </style>\n",
              "\n",
              "    <script>\n",
              "      const buttonEl =\n",
              "        document.querySelector('#df-e99999c6-9ced-403d-a86b-cf02114b02b2 button.colab-df-convert');\n",
              "      buttonEl.style.display =\n",
              "        google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "\n",
              "      async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
              "        const element = document.querySelector('#df-e99999c6-9ced-403d-a86b-cf02114b02b2');\n",
              "        const dataTable =\n",
              "          await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                    [key], {});\n",
              "        if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "        const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "          '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "          + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "        element.innerHTML = '';\n",
              "        dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
              "        await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
              "        const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
              "        docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
              "        element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
              "      }\n",
              "    </script>\n",
              "  </div>\n",
              "\n",
              "\n",
              "<div id=\"df-e3cdc4d6-6f03-44b6-b6b8-91d55d2d6bd1\">\n",
              "  <button class=\"colab-df-quickchart\" onclick=\"quickchart('df-e3cdc4d6-6f03-44b6-b6b8-91d55d2d6bd1')\"\n",
              "            title=\"Suggest charts.\"\n",
              "            style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "\n",
              "<svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
              "     width=\"24px\">\n",
              "    <g>\n",
              "        <path d=\"M19 3H5c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h14c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V5c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zM9 17H7v-7h2v7zm4 0h-2V7h2v10zm4 0h-2v-4h2v4z\"/>\n",
              "    </g>\n",
              "</svg>\n",
              "  </button>\n",
              "\n",
              "<style>\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart {\n",
              "      --bg-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      --fill-color: #1967D2;\n",
              "      --hover-bg-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      --hover-fill-color: #174EA6;\n",
              "      --disabled-fill-color: #AAA;\n",
              "      --disabled-bg-color: #DDD;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  [theme=dark] .colab-df-quickchart {\n",
              "      --bg-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      --fill-color: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "      --hover-bg-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      --hover-fill-color: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "      --disabled-bg-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      --disabled-fill-color: #666;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart {\n",
              "    background-color: var(--bg-color);\n",
              "    border: none;\n",
              "    border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "    cursor: pointer;\n",
              "    display: none;\n",
              "    fill: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    height: 32px;\n",
              "    padding: 0;\n",
              "    width: 32px;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart:hover {\n",
              "    background-color: var(--hover-bg-color);\n",
              "    box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "    fill: var(--button-hover-fill-color);\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart-complete:disabled,\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart-complete:disabled:hover {\n",
              "    background-color: var(--disabled-bg-color);\n",
              "    fill: var(--disabled-fill-color);\n",
              "    box-shadow: none;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  .colab-df-spinner {\n",
              "    border: 2px solid var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    border-color: transparent;\n",
              "    border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    animation:\n",
              "      spin 1s steps(1) infinite;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  @keyframes spin {\n",
              "    0% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-left-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    20% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-left-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-top-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    30% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-left-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-top-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    40% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-top-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    60% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    80% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    90% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "\n",
              "  <script>\n",
              "    async function quickchart(key) {\n",
              "      const quickchartButtonEl =\n",
              "        document.querySelector('#' + key + ' button');\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.disabled = true;  // To prevent multiple clicks.\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.add('colab-df-spinner');\n",
              "      try {\n",
              "        const charts = await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction(\n",
              "            'suggestCharts', [key], {});\n",
              "      } catch (error) {\n",
              "        console.error('Error during call to suggestCharts:', error);\n",
              "      }\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.remove('colab-df-spinner');\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.add('colab-df-quickchart-complete');\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    (() => {\n",
              "      let quickchartButtonEl =\n",
              "        document.querySelector('#df-e3cdc4d6-6f03-44b6-b6b8-91d55d2d6bd1 button');\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.style.display =\n",
              "        google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "    })();\n",
              "  </script>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 12
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "box = df2.boxplot('Price')\n",
        "box.plot()\n",
        "plt.show()"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 430
        },
        "id": "9nY1_v-JLAGu",
        "outputId": "c39d2f52-8954-4dc0-93dd-960851451f3c"
      },
      "execution_count": 13,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "display_data",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "<Figure size 640x480 with 1 Axes>"
            ],
            "image/png": "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\n"
          },
          "metadata": {}
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "Q1 = df2['Price'].quantile(0.25)\n",
        "Q3 = df2['Price'].quantile(0.75)\n",
        "IQR = Q3 - Q1"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "TO2AZ-aNMAf4"
      },
      "execution_count": 14,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# 2-1. 위 셀에 Q1, Q3, IQR이 주어져있습니다. 이론 자료의 기준에 따라(Q1, Q3로부터 IQR의 1.5배보다 더 떨어져있는 경우) 이상치를 선택하세요.\n",
        "df2[df2['Price'] > Q3 + 1.5 * IQR]"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 196
        },
        "id": "jnKUAMorM7qr",
        "outputId": "cdc7d258-fc62-4458-edc2-d55e487a1ba0"
      },
      "execution_count": 15,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "     Manufacturer Model     Type  Min.Price  Price  Max.Price  MPG.city  \\\n",
              "47       Infiniti   Q45  Midsize       45.4   47.9        NaN      17.0   \n",
              "58  Mercedes-Benz  300E  Midsize       43.8   61.9       80.0      19.0   \n",
              "\n",
              "    MPG.highway             AirBags DriveTrain  ... Passengers  Length  \\\n",
              "47         22.0                 NaN       Rear  ...        5.0   200.0   \n",
              "58         25.0  Driver & Passenger       Rear  ...        5.0     NaN   \n",
              "\n",
              "    Wheelbase  Width  Turn.circle Rear.seat.room  Luggage.room  Weight  \\\n",
              "47      113.0   72.0         42.0           29.0          15.0  4000.0   \n",
              "58      110.0   69.0         37.0            NaN          15.0  3525.0   \n",
              "\n",
              "     Origin                Make  \n",
              "47  non-USA        Infiniti Q45  \n",
              "58  non-USA  Mercedes-Benz 300E  \n",
              "\n",
              "[2 rows x 27 columns]"
            ],
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              "      <th>Manufacturer</th>\n",
              "      <th>Model</th>\n",
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              "      <th>Rear.seat.room</th>\n",
              "      <th>Luggage.room</th>\n",
              "      <th>Weight</th>\n",
              "      <th>Origin</th>\n",
              "      <th>Make</th>\n",
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              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>47</th>\n",
              "      <td>Infiniti</td>\n",
              "      <td>Q45</td>\n",
              "      <td>Midsize</td>\n",
              "      <td>45.4</td>\n",
              "      <td>47.9</td>\n",
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              "      <td>22.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
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              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>5.0</td>\n",
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              "      <td>113.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>72.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>42.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>29.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>15.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>4000.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>non-USA</td>\n",
              "      <td>Infiniti Q45</td>\n",
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              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>58</th>\n",
              "      <td>Mercedes-Benz</td>\n",
              "      <td>300E</td>\n",
              "      <td>Midsize</td>\n",
              "      <td>43.8</td>\n",
              "      <td>61.9</td>\n",
              "      <td>80.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>19.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>25.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>Driver &amp; Passenger</td>\n",
              "      <td>Rear</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>5.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>110.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>69.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>37.0</td>\n",
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              "      <td>15.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>3525.0</td>\n",
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              "      <td>Mercedes-Benz 300E</td>\n",
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              "<p>2 rows × 27 columns</p>\n",
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              "\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart-complete:disabled,\n",
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              "\n",
              "  .colab-df-spinner {\n",
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              "      spin 1s steps(1) infinite;\n",
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              "\n",
              "  @keyframes spin {\n",
              "    0% {\n",
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              "\n",
              "  <script>\n",
              "    async function quickchart(key) {\n",
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              "        const charts = await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction(\n",
              "            'suggestCharts', [key], {});\n",
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              "    (() => {\n",
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              "</div>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
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            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 15
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "## **3. 그룹 분석**\n",
        "\n",
        "---\n",
        "\n",
        "그룹 분석은 여러 레코드가 공통 값을 가지는(즉, 대부분의 경우 Categorical) column의 값을 기준으로 레코드의 각 값을 집계하여 분석하는 방식입니다. <br><br>\n",
        "\n",
        "Pandas에서 이는 `groupby()` 메서드를 이용해 수행할 수 있습니다. `groupby()`는 split -> apply -> combine 세 단계로 구성되며, split 단계에서는 명시한 column의 값을 공유하는 레코드끼리 주어진 DataFrame을 분리하고, apply 단계에서는 분리된 그룹에 각각 어떠한 작업을 수행하며, combine 단계에서는 분리된 그룹을 결합합니다. Combine 단계는 기본적으로 자동으로 수행되어, 최종적으로 DataFrame을 출력합니다. <br><br>\n",
        "\n",
        "Apply 단계에는 분리된 그룹 각각이 마치 독립된 DataFrame처럼 취급되어, 지금까지 DataFrame에서 평균값을 이용해 이상치를 제거하거나, 결측치를 최빈값으로 채우거나, 각 레코드의 값을 버리고 그룹의 대표값(평균 등)을 계산하는 등 많은 응용이 가능합니다. 일반적으로 많이 사용되는 집계 함수는 자체적으로 제공하지만(아래 링크를 참조하세요.) 그 외의 경우에는 `agg()`에 메서드를 직접 정의하여 수행할 수 있습니다. <br>\n",
        "\n",
        "---\n",
        "\n",
        "[Group by](https://pandas.pydata.org/pandas-docs/stable/user_guide/groupby.html#aggregation)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "I32fBOA2hsQs"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "df3 = df2.copy(deep = True)\n",
        "df3"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 617
        },
        "id": "oFG3bgoYRyck",
        "outputId": "0a221db0-69c2-4ad9-d198-fb52f87fd5a2"
      },
      "execution_count": 16,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "   Manufacturer    Model     Type  Min.Price  Price  Max.Price  MPG.city  \\\n",
              "0         Acura  Integra    Small       12.9   15.9       18.8      25.0   \n",
              "1           NaN   Legend  Midsize       29.2   33.9       38.7      18.0   \n",
              "2          Audi       90  Compact       25.9   29.1       32.3      20.0   \n",
              "3          Audi      100  Midsize        NaN   37.7       44.6      19.0   \n",
              "4           BMW     535i  Midsize        NaN   30.0        NaN      22.0   \n",
              "..          ...      ...      ...        ...    ...        ...       ...   \n",
              "88   Volkswagen  Eurovan      Van       16.6   19.7       22.7      17.0   \n",
              "89   Volkswagen   Passat  Compact       17.6   20.0       22.4      21.0   \n",
              "90   Volkswagen  Corrado   Sporty       22.9   23.3       23.7      18.0   \n",
              "91        Volvo      240  Compact       21.8   22.7       23.5      21.0   \n",
              "92          NaN      850  Midsize       24.8   26.7       28.5      20.0   \n",
              "\n",
              "    MPG.highway             AirBags DriveTrain  ... Passengers  Length  \\\n",
              "0          31.0                None      Front  ...        5.0   177.0   \n",
              "1          25.0  Driver & Passenger      Front  ...        5.0   195.0   \n",
              "2          26.0         Driver only      Front  ...        5.0   180.0   \n",
              "3          26.0  Driver & Passenger        NaN  ...        6.0   193.0   \n",
              "4          30.0                 NaN       Rear  ...        4.0   186.0   \n",
              "..          ...                 ...        ...  ...        ...     ...   \n",
              "88         21.0                None      Front  ...        7.0   187.0   \n",
              "89         30.0                None      Front  ...        5.0   180.0   \n",
              "90         25.0                None      Front  ...        4.0   159.0   \n",
              "91         28.0         Driver only       Rear  ...        5.0   190.0   \n",
              "92         28.0  Driver & Passenger      Front  ...        5.0   184.0   \n",
              "\n",
              "    Wheelbase  Width  Turn.circle Rear.seat.room  Luggage.room  Weight  \\\n",
              "0       102.0   68.0         37.0           26.5           NaN  2705.0   \n",
              "1       115.0   71.0         38.0           30.0          15.0  3560.0   \n",
              "2       102.0   67.0         37.0           28.0          14.0  3375.0   \n",
              "3       106.0    NaN         37.0           31.0          17.0  3405.0   \n",
              "4       109.0   69.0         39.0           27.0          13.0  3640.0   \n",
              "..        ...    ...          ...            ...           ...     ...   \n",
              "88      115.0   72.0         38.0           34.0           NaN  3960.0   \n",
              "89      103.0   67.0         35.0           31.5          14.0  2985.0   \n",
              "90       97.0   66.0         36.0           26.0          15.0  2810.0   \n",
              "91      104.0   67.0         37.0           29.5          14.0  2985.0   \n",
              "92      105.0   69.0         38.0           30.0          15.0  3245.0   \n",
              "\n",
              "     Origin                Make  \n",
              "0   non-USA       Acura Integra  \n",
              "1   non-USA        Acura Legend  \n",
              "2   non-USA             Audi 90  \n",
              "3   non-USA            Audi 100  \n",
              "4   non-USA            BMW 535i  \n",
              "..      ...                 ...  \n",
              "88      NaN  Volkswagen Eurovan  \n",
              "89  non-USA   Volkswagen Passat  \n",
              "90  non-USA  Volkswagen Corrado  \n",
              "91  non-USA           Volvo 240  \n",
              "92  non-USA           Volvo 850  \n",
              "\n",
              "[93 rows x 27 columns]"
            ],
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              "        text-align: right;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
              "  <thead>\n",
              "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th>Manufacturer</th>\n",
              "      <th>Model</th>\n",
              "      <th>Type</th>\n",
              "      <th>Min.Price</th>\n",
              "      <th>Price</th>\n",
              "      <th>Max.Price</th>\n",
              "      <th>MPG.city</th>\n",
              "      <th>MPG.highway</th>\n",
              "      <th>AirBags</th>\n",
              "      <th>DriveTrain</th>\n",
              "      <th>...</th>\n",
              "      <th>Passengers</th>\n",
              "      <th>Length</th>\n",
              "      <th>Wheelbase</th>\n",
              "      <th>Width</th>\n",
              "      <th>Turn.circle</th>\n",
              "      <th>Rear.seat.room</th>\n",
              "      <th>Luggage.room</th>\n",
              "      <th>Weight</th>\n",
              "      <th>Origin</th>\n",
              "      <th>Make</th>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </thead>\n",
              "  <tbody>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>0</th>\n",
              "      <td>Acura</td>\n",
              "      <td>Integra</td>\n",
              "      <td>Small</td>\n",
              "      <td>12.9</td>\n",
              "      <td>15.9</td>\n",
              "      <td>18.8</td>\n",
              "      <td>25.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>31.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>Front</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>5.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>177.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>102.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>68.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>37.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>26.5</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>2705.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>non-USA</td>\n",
              "      <td>Acura Integra</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>1</th>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>Legend</td>\n",
              "      <td>Midsize</td>\n",
              "      <td>29.2</td>\n",
              "      <td>33.9</td>\n",
              "      <td>38.7</td>\n",
              "      <td>18.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>25.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>Driver &amp; Passenger</td>\n",
              "      <td>Front</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>5.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>195.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>115.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>71.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>38.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>30.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>15.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>3560.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>non-USA</td>\n",
              "      <td>Acura Legend</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>2</th>\n",
              "      <td>Audi</td>\n",
              "      <td>90</td>\n",
              "      <td>Compact</td>\n",
              "      <td>25.9</td>\n",
              "      <td>29.1</td>\n",
              "      <td>32.3</td>\n",
              "      <td>20.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>26.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>Driver only</td>\n",
              "      <td>Front</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>5.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>180.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>102.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>67.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>37.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>28.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>14.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>3375.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>non-USA</td>\n",
              "      <td>Audi 90</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>3</th>\n",
              "      <td>Audi</td>\n",
              "      <td>100</td>\n",
              "      <td>Midsize</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>37.7</td>\n",
              "      <td>44.6</td>\n",
              "      <td>19.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>26.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>Driver &amp; Passenger</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>6.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>193.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>106.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>37.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>31.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>17.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>3405.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>non-USA</td>\n",
              "      <td>Audi 100</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>4</th>\n",
              "      <td>BMW</td>\n",
              "      <td>535i</td>\n",
              "      <td>Midsize</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>30.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>22.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>30.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>Rear</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>4.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>186.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>109.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>69.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>39.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>27.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>13.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>3640.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>non-USA</td>\n",
              "      <td>BMW 535i</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>...</th>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>88</th>\n",
              "      <td>Volkswagen</td>\n",
              "      <td>Eurovan</td>\n",
              "      <td>Van</td>\n",
              "      <td>16.6</td>\n",
              "      <td>19.7</td>\n",
              "      <td>22.7</td>\n",
              "      <td>17.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>21.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>Front</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>7.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>187.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>115.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>72.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>38.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>34.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>3960.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>Volkswagen Eurovan</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>89</th>\n",
              "      <td>Volkswagen</td>\n",
              "      <td>Passat</td>\n",
              "      <td>Compact</td>\n",
              "      <td>17.6</td>\n",
              "      <td>20.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>22.4</td>\n",
              "      <td>21.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>30.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>Front</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>5.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>180.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>103.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>67.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>35.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>31.5</td>\n",
              "      <td>14.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2985.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>non-USA</td>\n",
              "      <td>Volkswagen Passat</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>90</th>\n",
              "      <td>Volkswagen</td>\n",
              "      <td>Corrado</td>\n",
              "      <td>Sporty</td>\n",
              "      <td>22.9</td>\n",
              "      <td>23.3</td>\n",
              "      <td>23.7</td>\n",
              "      <td>18.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>25.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>Front</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>4.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>159.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>97.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>66.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>36.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>26.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>15.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2810.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>non-USA</td>\n",
              "      <td>Volkswagen Corrado</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>91</th>\n",
              "      <td>Volvo</td>\n",
              "      <td>240</td>\n",
              "      <td>Compact</td>\n",
              "      <td>21.8</td>\n",
              "      <td>22.7</td>\n",
              "      <td>23.5</td>\n",
              "      <td>21.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>28.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>Driver only</td>\n",
              "      <td>Rear</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>5.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>190.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>104.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>67.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>37.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>29.5</td>\n",
              "      <td>14.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2985.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>non-USA</td>\n",
              "      <td>Volvo 240</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>92</th>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>850</td>\n",
              "      <td>Midsize</td>\n",
              "      <td>24.8</td>\n",
              "      <td>26.7</td>\n",
              "      <td>28.5</td>\n",
              "      <td>20.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>28.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>Driver &amp; Passenger</td>\n",
              "      <td>Front</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>5.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>184.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>105.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>69.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>38.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>30.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>15.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>3245.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>non-USA</td>\n",
              "      <td>Volvo 850</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </tbody>\n",
              "</table>\n",
              "<p>93 rows × 27 columns</p>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "    <div class=\"colab-df-buttons\">\n",
              "\n",
              "  <div class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
              "    <button class=\"colab-df-convert\" onclick=\"convertToInteractive('df-623a78b6-dafe-4663-a862-3dcb8da72ddc')\"\n",
              "            title=\"Convert this dataframe to an interactive table.\"\n",
              "            style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "\n",
              "  <svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\" viewBox=\"0 -960 960 960\">\n",
              "    <path d=\"M120-120v-720h720v720H120Zm60-500h600v-160H180v160Zm220 220h160v-160H400v160Zm0 220h160v-160H400v160ZM180-400h160v-160H180v160Zm440 0h160v-160H620v160ZM180-180h160v-160H180v160Zm440 0h160v-160H620v160Z\"/>\n",
              "  </svg>\n",
              "    </button>\n",
              "\n",
              "  <style>\n",
              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
              "      display:flex;\n",
              "      gap: 12px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      border: none;\n",
              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
              "      display: none;\n",
              "      fill: #1967D2;\n",
              "      height: 32px;\n",
              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
              "      width: 32px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "      fill: #174EA6;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-buttons div {\n",
              "      margin-bottom: 4px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);\n",
              "      filter: drop-shadow(0px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));\n",
              "      fill: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  </style>\n",
              "\n",
              "    <script>\n",
              "      const buttonEl =\n",
              "        document.querySelector('#df-623a78b6-dafe-4663-a862-3dcb8da72ddc button.colab-df-convert');\n",
              "      buttonEl.style.display =\n",
              "        google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "\n",
              "      async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
              "        const element = document.querySelector('#df-623a78b6-dafe-4663-a862-3dcb8da72ddc');\n",
              "        const dataTable =\n",
              "          await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                    [key], {});\n",
              "        if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "        const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "          '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "          + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "        element.innerHTML = '';\n",
              "        dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
              "        await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
              "        const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
              "        docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
              "        element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
              "      }\n",
              "    </script>\n",
              "  </div>\n",
              "\n",
              "\n",
              "<div id=\"df-1354e0c3-acd7-41f0-aee6-48f109ca004b\">\n",
              "  <button class=\"colab-df-quickchart\" onclick=\"quickchart('df-1354e0c3-acd7-41f0-aee6-48f109ca004b')\"\n",
              "            title=\"Suggest charts.\"\n",
              "            style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "\n",
              "<svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
              "     width=\"24px\">\n",
              "    <g>\n",
              "        <path d=\"M19 3H5c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h14c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V5c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zM9 17H7v-7h2v7zm4 0h-2V7h2v10zm4 0h-2v-4h2v4z\"/>\n",
              "    </g>\n",
              "</svg>\n",
              "  </button>\n",
              "\n",
              "<style>\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart {\n",
              "      --bg-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      --fill-color: #1967D2;\n",
              "      --hover-bg-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      --hover-fill-color: #174EA6;\n",
              "      --disabled-fill-color: #AAA;\n",
              "      --disabled-bg-color: #DDD;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  [theme=dark] .colab-df-quickchart {\n",
              "      --bg-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      --fill-color: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "      --hover-bg-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      --hover-fill-color: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "      --disabled-bg-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      --disabled-fill-color: #666;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart {\n",
              "    background-color: var(--bg-color);\n",
              "    border: none;\n",
              "    border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "    cursor: pointer;\n",
              "    display: none;\n",
              "    fill: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    height: 32px;\n",
              "    padding: 0;\n",
              "    width: 32px;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart:hover {\n",
              "    background-color: var(--hover-bg-color);\n",
              "    box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "    fill: var(--button-hover-fill-color);\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart-complete:disabled,\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart-complete:disabled:hover {\n",
              "    background-color: var(--disabled-bg-color);\n",
              "    fill: var(--disabled-fill-color);\n",
              "    box-shadow: none;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  .colab-df-spinner {\n",
              "    border: 2px solid var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    border-color: transparent;\n",
              "    border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    animation:\n",
              "      spin 1s steps(1) infinite;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  @keyframes spin {\n",
              "    0% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-left-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    20% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-left-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-top-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    30% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-left-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-top-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    40% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-top-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    60% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    80% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    90% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "\n",
              "  <script>\n",
              "    async function quickchart(key) {\n",
              "      const quickchartButtonEl =\n",
              "        document.querySelector('#' + key + ' button');\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.disabled = true;  // To prevent multiple clicks.\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.add('colab-df-spinner');\n",
              "      try {\n",
              "        const charts = await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction(\n",
              "            'suggestCharts', [key], {});\n",
              "      } catch (error) {\n",
              "        console.error('Error during call to suggestCharts:', error);\n",
              "      }\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.remove('colab-df-spinner');\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.add('colab-df-quickchart-complete');\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    (() => {\n",
              "      let quickchartButtonEl =\n",
              "        document.querySelector('#df-1354e0c3-acd7-41f0-aee6-48f109ca004b button');\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.style.display =\n",
              "        google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "    })();\n",
              "  </script>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 16
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# 3-1. 차량 분류('Type')별 모델 수를 집계하세요.\n",
        "df3.groupby('Type').size()"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "BDl9Dllwl32t",
        "outputId": "7183016c-98e1-45cb-cae0-5e5e96d30649"
      },
      "execution_count": 17,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "Type\n",
              "Compact    16\n",
              "Large      11\n",
              "Midsize    22\n",
              "Small      20\n",
              "Sporty     12\n",
              "Van         9\n",
              "dtype: int64"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 17
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# 3-2. 각 제조사('Manufacturer')의 차량 분류('Type')별 모델 수를 집계하세요.\n",
        "df3.groupby(['Manufacturer', 'Type']).size()"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "wYb7VybYZQJJ",
        "outputId": "50db1d5d-542e-4a64-e432-2fe7591fec88"
      },
      "execution_count": 18,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "Manufacturer  Type   \n",
              "Acura         Small      1\n",
              "Audi          Compact    1\n",
              "              Midsize    1\n",
              "BMW           Midsize    1\n",
              "Buick         Large      2\n",
              "                        ..\n",
              "Volkswagen    Compact    1\n",
              "              Small      1\n",
              "              Sporty     1\n",
              "              Van        1\n",
              "Volvo         Compact    1\n",
              "Length: 75, dtype: int64"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 18
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# 3-3. 에어백 분류('AirBags')별 가격('Price') 평균을 집계하세요.\n",
        "df3.groupby('AirBags')['Price'].mean()"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "iqTyGtMwmAna",
        "outputId": "15304420-724d-40e9-cf11-93058dccd1b2"
      },
      "execution_count": 19,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "AirBags\n",
              "Driver & Passenger    28.368750\n",
              "Driver only           20.494595\n",
              "None                  13.346875\n",
              "Name: Price, dtype: float64"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 19
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# 3-4. 각 제조사('Manufacturer')가 제조한 차량 분류 집합을 집계하세요. agg()에 lambda식으로 집합을 생성하는 함수를 정의하여 해결하세요.\n",
        "df3.groupby('Manufacturer')['Type'].agg(lambda x : set(x))"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "zOffgSO_nfL9",
        "outputId": "f0e5a54c-55fb-45b3-dc7b-b9637e0c38b9"
      },
      "execution_count": 20,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "Manufacturer\n",
              "Acura                                                  {Small}\n",
              "Audi                                        {Compact, Midsize}\n",
              "BMW                                                  {Midsize}\n",
              "Buick                                         {Midsize, Large}\n",
              "Cadillac                                      {Midsize, Large}\n",
              "Chevrolet               {Sporty, Compact, Large, Midsize, Van}\n",
              "Chrysler                                      {Compact, Large}\n",
              "Dodge                   {Sporty, Compact, Midsize, Small, Van}\n",
              "Eagle                                           {Small, Large}\n",
              "Ford             {Sporty, Compact, Large, Midsize, Small, Van}\n",
              "Geo                                            {Small, Sporty}\n",
              "Honda                                 {Compact, Small, Sporty}\n",
              "Hyundai                                  {Midsize, Small, nan}\n",
              "Infiniti                                             {Midsize}\n",
              "Lexus                                                {Midsize}\n",
              "Lincoln                                       {Midsize, Large}\n",
              "Mazda                            {Compact, Small, Sporty, Van}\n",
              "Mercedes-Benz                               {Compact, Midsize}\n",
              "Mercury                                      {Midsize, Sporty}\n",
              "Mitsubishi                                    {Midsize, Small}\n",
              "Nissan                          {Compact, Small, Midsize, Van}\n",
              "Oldsmobile                      {Compact, Midsize, Van, Large}\n",
              "Plymouth                                              {Sporty}\n",
              "Pontiac                  {nan, Compact, Large, Midsize, Small}\n",
              "Saab                                                 {Compact}\n",
              "Saturn                                                 {Small}\n",
              "Subaru                                        {Compact, Small}\n",
              "Suzuki                                                   {nan}\n",
              "Toyota                           {Midsize, Small, Sporty, Van}\n",
              "Volkswagen                       {Compact, Small, Sporty, Van}\n",
              "Volvo                                                {Compact}\n",
              "Name: Type, dtype: object"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 20
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "## **4. 중복 데이터 처리**\n",
        "\n",
        "---\n",
        "\n",
        "모종의 이유(보통은 오류)로 무조건 고유해야만 하는 값이 여러 번 나타나는 경우가 있습니다. 예를 들어, 주민번호를 고유값으로 이용한 데이터셋이 있을 때, 서로 다른 인적사항을 보유하지만 동일한 주민번호를 가진 레코드가 둘 나타난 경우, 새로운 고유값을 부여하거나 두 레코드 중 하나만을 선택하는 등의 작업이 필요합니다. <br><br>\n",
        "\n",
        "Pandas에서는 DataFrame 내에서 중복값을 처리하기 위해 두 가지 메서드를 제공합니다. `duplicated()`는 중복 여부에 따른 boolean Series를 반환해 여타 작업에 이용할 수 있도록 하고, `drop_duplicates()`는 `drop()`과 `duplicated()`를 연동하여 이용한 것과 같이, 중복된 레코드를 제거한 DataFrame을 반환합니다.\n",
        "\n",
        "---\n",
        "[DataFrame.duplicated()](https://pandas.pydata.org/docs/reference/api/pandas.DataFrame.duplicated.html) <br>\n",
        "[DataFrame.drop_duplicates()](https://pandas.pydata.org/docs/reference/api/pandas.DataFrame.drop_duplicates.html)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "DCupY_o9h0iV"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "df4 = df_org.copy(deep = True).dropna(subset = ['Cabin'])\n",
        "df4"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 423
        },
        "id": "FErgEg5wStzZ",
        "outputId": "2d3e974b-e29d-48e7-a513-90a5c7cf3062"
      },
      "execution_count": 21,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "     PassengerId  Survived  Pclass  \\\n",
              "1              2         1       1   \n",
              "3              4         1       1   \n",
              "6              7         0       1   \n",
              "10            11         1       3   \n",
              "11            12         1       1   \n",
              "..           ...       ...     ...   \n",
              "871          872         1       1   \n",
              "872          873         0       1   \n",
              "879          880         1       1   \n",
              "887          888         1       1   \n",
              "889          890         1       1   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                                  Name     Sex   Age  SibSp  \\\n",
              "1    Cumings, Mrs. John Bradley (Florence Briggs Th...  female  38.0      1   \n",
              "3         Futrelle, Mrs. Jacques Heath (Lily May Peel)  female  35.0      1   \n",
              "6                              McCarthy, Mr. Timothy J    male  54.0      0   \n",
              "10                     Sandstrom, Miss. Marguerite Rut  female   4.0      1   \n",
              "11                            Bonnell, Miss. Elizabeth  female  58.0      0   \n",
              "..                                                 ...     ...   ...    ...   \n",
              "871   Beckwith, Mrs. Richard Leonard (Sallie Monypeny)  female  47.0      1   \n",
              "872                           Carlsson, Mr. Frans Olof    male  33.0      0   \n",
              "879      Potter, Mrs. Thomas Jr (Lily Alexenia Wilson)  female  56.0      0   \n",
              "887                       Graham, Miss. Margaret Edith  female  19.0      0   \n",
              "889                              Behr, Mr. Karl Howell    male  26.0      0   \n",
              "\n",
              "     Parch    Ticket     Fare        Cabin Embarked  \n",
              "1        0  PC 17599  71.2833          C85        C  \n",
              "3        0    113803  53.1000         C123        S  \n",
              "6        0     17463  51.8625          E46        S  \n",
              "10       1   PP 9549  16.7000           G6        S  \n",
              "11       0    113783  26.5500         C103        S  \n",
              "..     ...       ...      ...          ...      ...  \n",
              "871      1     11751  52.5542          D35        S  \n",
              "872      0       695   5.0000  B51 B53 B55        S  \n",
              "879      1     11767  83.1583          C50        C  \n",
              "887      0    112053  30.0000          B42        S  \n",
              "889      0    111369  30.0000         C148        C  \n",
              "\n",
              "[204 rows x 12 columns]"
            ],
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              "\n",
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              "      <th>1</th>\n",
              "      <td>2</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>Cumings, Mrs. John Bradley (Florence Briggs Th...</td>\n",
              "      <td>female</td>\n",
              "      <td>38.0</td>\n",
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              "      <td>71.2833</td>\n",
              "      <td>C85</td>\n",
              "      <td>C</td>\n",
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              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>3</th>\n",
              "      <td>4</td>\n",
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              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>Futrelle, Mrs. Jacques Heath (Lily May Peel)</td>\n",
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              "      <td>35.0</td>\n",
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              "      <th>6</th>\n",
              "      <td>7</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
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              "      <td>McCarthy, Mr. Timothy J</td>\n",
              "      <td>male</td>\n",
              "      <td>54.0</td>\n",
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              "      <td>17463</td>\n",
              "      <td>51.8625</td>\n",
              "      <td>E46</td>\n",
              "      <td>S</td>\n",
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              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>10</th>\n",
              "      <td>11</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "      <td>Sandstrom, Miss. Marguerite Rut</td>\n",
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              "      <td>4.0</td>\n",
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              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>PP 9549</td>\n",
              "      <td>16.7000</td>\n",
              "      <td>G6</td>\n",
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              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>Bonnell, Miss. Elizabeth</td>\n",
              "      <td>female</td>\n",
              "      <td>58.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>113783</td>\n",
              "      <td>26.5500</td>\n",
              "      <td>C103</td>\n",
              "      <td>S</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>...</th>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
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              "      <th>871</th>\n",
              "      <td>872</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>Beckwith, Mrs. Richard Leonard (Sallie Monypeny)</td>\n",
              "      <td>female</td>\n",
              "      <td>47.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>11751</td>\n",
              "      <td>52.5542</td>\n",
              "      <td>D35</td>\n",
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              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>872</th>\n",
              "      <td>873</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>Carlsson, Mr. Frans Olof</td>\n",
              "      <td>male</td>\n",
              "      <td>33.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>695</td>\n",
              "      <td>5.0000</td>\n",
              "      <td>B51 B53 B55</td>\n",
              "      <td>S</td>\n",
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              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>879</th>\n",
              "      <td>880</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>Potter, Mrs. Thomas Jr (Lily Alexenia Wilson)</td>\n",
              "      <td>female</td>\n",
              "      <td>56.0</td>\n",
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              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>11767</td>\n",
              "      <td>83.1583</td>\n",
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              "      <td>19.0</td>\n",
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              "      <th>889</th>\n",
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              "      <td>Behr, Mr. Karl Howell</td>\n",
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              "      <td>26.0</td>\n",
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              "      <td>111369</td>\n",
              "      <td>30.0000</td>\n",
              "      <td>C148</td>\n",
              "      <td>C</td>\n",
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              "  </tbody>\n",
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              "<p>204 rows × 12 columns</p>\n",
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              "  .colab-df-quickchart {\n",
              "      --bg-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      --fill-color: #1967D2;\n",
              "      --hover-bg-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      --hover-fill-color: #174EA6;\n",
              "      --disabled-fill-color: #AAA;\n",
              "      --disabled-bg-color: #DDD;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  [theme=dark] .colab-df-quickchart {\n",
              "      --bg-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      --fill-color: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "      --hover-bg-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      --hover-fill-color: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "      --disabled-bg-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      --disabled-fill-color: #666;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart {\n",
              "    background-color: var(--bg-color);\n",
              "    border: none;\n",
              "    border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "    cursor: pointer;\n",
              "    display: none;\n",
              "    fill: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    height: 32px;\n",
              "    padding: 0;\n",
              "    width: 32px;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart:hover {\n",
              "    background-color: var(--hover-bg-color);\n",
              "    box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "    fill: var(--button-hover-fill-color);\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart-complete:disabled,\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart-complete:disabled:hover {\n",
              "    background-color: var(--disabled-bg-color);\n",
              "    fill: var(--disabled-fill-color);\n",
              "    box-shadow: none;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  .colab-df-spinner {\n",
              "    border: 2px solid var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    border-color: transparent;\n",
              "    border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    animation:\n",
              "      spin 1s steps(1) infinite;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  @keyframes spin {\n",
              "    0% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-left-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    20% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-left-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-top-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    30% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-left-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-top-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    40% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-top-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    60% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    80% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    90% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "\n",
              "  <script>\n",
              "    async function quickchart(key) {\n",
              "      const quickchartButtonEl =\n",
              "        document.querySelector('#' + key + ' button');\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.disabled = true;  // To prevent multiple clicks.\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.add('colab-df-spinner');\n",
              "      try {\n",
              "        const charts = await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction(\n",
              "            'suggestCharts', [key], {});\n",
              "      } catch (error) {\n",
              "        console.error('Error during call to suggestCharts:', error);\n",
              "      }\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.remove('colab-df-spinner');\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.add('colab-df-quickchart-complete');\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    (() => {\n",
              "      let quickchartButtonEl =\n",
              "        document.querySelector('#df-235b3ae0-e999-495c-9478-edd962014ad8 button');\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.style.display =\n",
              "        google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "    })();\n",
              "  </script>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 21
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# 4-1. 성별('Sex') 중복값을 첫 값만 남기고 전부 제거하세요. (row-wise)\n",
        "df4.drop_duplicates(subset=['Sex'])"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 112
        },
        "id": "s7Q5P61-SzUD",
        "outputId": "573683bf-d1ec-4c7b-d339-49f676d4f5e2"
      },
      "execution_count": 22,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "   PassengerId  Survived  Pclass  \\\n",
              "1            2         1       1   \n",
              "6            7         0       1   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                                Name     Sex   Age  SibSp  \\\n",
              "1  Cumings, Mrs. John Bradley (Florence Briggs Th...  female  38.0      1   \n",
              "6                            McCarthy, Mr. Timothy J    male  54.0      0   \n",
              "\n",
              "   Parch    Ticket     Fare Cabin Embarked  \n",
              "1      0  PC 17599  71.2833   C85        C  \n",
              "6      0     17463  51.8625   E46        S  "
            ],
            "text/html": [
              "\n",
              "  <div id=\"df-458fc712-278e-4471-8587-3708c2a3de08\" class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
              "    <div>\n",
              "<style scoped>\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
              "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
              "        vertical-align: top;\n",
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              "\n",
              "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
              "        text-align: right;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
              "  <thead>\n",
              "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th>PassengerId</th>\n",
              "      <th>Survived</th>\n",
              "      <th>Pclass</th>\n",
              "      <th>Name</th>\n",
              "      <th>Sex</th>\n",
              "      <th>Age</th>\n",
              "      <th>SibSp</th>\n",
              "      <th>Parch</th>\n",
              "      <th>Ticket</th>\n",
              "      <th>Fare</th>\n",
              "      <th>Cabin</th>\n",
              "      <th>Embarked</th>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </thead>\n",
              "  <tbody>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>1</th>\n",
              "      <td>2</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>Cumings, Mrs. John Bradley (Florence Briggs Th...</td>\n",
              "      <td>female</td>\n",
              "      <td>38.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>PC 17599</td>\n",
              "      <td>71.2833</td>\n",
              "      <td>C85</td>\n",
              "      <td>C</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>6</th>\n",
              "      <td>7</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>McCarthy, Mr. Timothy J</td>\n",
              "      <td>male</td>\n",
              "      <td>54.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>17463</td>\n",
              "      <td>51.8625</td>\n",
              "      <td>E46</td>\n",
              "      <td>S</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </tbody>\n",
              "</table>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "    <div class=\"colab-df-buttons\">\n",
              "\n",
              "  <div class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
              "    <button class=\"colab-df-convert\" onclick=\"convertToInteractive('df-458fc712-278e-4471-8587-3708c2a3de08')\"\n",
              "            title=\"Convert this dataframe to an interactive table.\"\n",
              "            style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "\n",
              "  <svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\" viewBox=\"0 -960 960 960\">\n",
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              "  </svg>\n",
              "    </button>\n",
              "\n",
              "  <style>\n",
              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
              "      display:flex;\n",
              "      gap: 12px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      border: none;\n",
              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
              "      display: none;\n",
              "      fill: #1967D2;\n",
              "      height: 32px;\n",
              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
              "      width: 32px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "      fill: #174EA6;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-buttons div {\n",
              "      margin-bottom: 4px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);\n",
              "      filter: drop-shadow(0px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));\n",
              "      fill: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  </style>\n",
              "\n",
              "    <script>\n",
              "      const buttonEl =\n",
              "        document.querySelector('#df-458fc712-278e-4471-8587-3708c2a3de08 button.colab-df-convert');\n",
              "      buttonEl.style.display =\n",
              "        google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "\n",
              "      async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
              "        const element = document.querySelector('#df-458fc712-278e-4471-8587-3708c2a3de08');\n",
              "        const dataTable =\n",
              "          await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                    [key], {});\n",
              "        if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "        const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "          '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "          + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "        element.innerHTML = '';\n",
              "        dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
              "        await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
              "        const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
              "        docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
              "        element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
              "      }\n",
              "    </script>\n",
              "  </div>\n",
              "\n",
              "\n",
              "<div id=\"df-11392430-54bd-4f0a-aeb1-02bd2af26121\">\n",
              "  <button class=\"colab-df-quickchart\" onclick=\"quickchart('df-11392430-54bd-4f0a-aeb1-02bd2af26121')\"\n",
              "            title=\"Suggest charts.\"\n",
              "            style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "\n",
              "<svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
              "     width=\"24px\">\n",
              "    <g>\n",
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              "    </g>\n",
              "</svg>\n",
              "  </button>\n",
              "\n",
              "<style>\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart {\n",
              "      --bg-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      --fill-color: #1967D2;\n",
              "      --hover-bg-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      --hover-fill-color: #174EA6;\n",
              "      --disabled-fill-color: #AAA;\n",
              "      --disabled-bg-color: #DDD;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  [theme=dark] .colab-df-quickchart {\n",
              "      --bg-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      --fill-color: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "      --hover-bg-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      --hover-fill-color: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "      --disabled-bg-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      --disabled-fill-color: #666;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart {\n",
              "    background-color: var(--bg-color);\n",
              "    border: none;\n",
              "    border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "    cursor: pointer;\n",
              "    display: none;\n",
              "    fill: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    height: 32px;\n",
              "    padding: 0;\n",
              "    width: 32px;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart:hover {\n",
              "    background-color: var(--hover-bg-color);\n",
              "    box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "    fill: var(--button-hover-fill-color);\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart-complete:disabled,\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart-complete:disabled:hover {\n",
              "    background-color: var(--disabled-bg-color);\n",
              "    fill: var(--disabled-fill-color);\n",
              "    box-shadow: none;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  .colab-df-spinner {\n",
              "    border: 2px solid var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    border-color: transparent;\n",
              "    border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    animation:\n",
              "      spin 1s steps(1) infinite;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  @keyframes spin {\n",
              "    0% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-left-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    20% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-left-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-top-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    30% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-left-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-top-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    40% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-top-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    60% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    80% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    90% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "\n",
              "  <script>\n",
              "    async function quickchart(key) {\n",
              "      const quickchartButtonEl =\n",
              "        document.querySelector('#' + key + ' button');\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.disabled = true;  // To prevent multiple clicks.\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.add('colab-df-spinner');\n",
              "      try {\n",
              "        const charts = await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction(\n",
              "            'suggestCharts', [key], {});\n",
              "      } catch (error) {\n",
              "        console.error('Error during call to suggestCharts:', error);\n",
              "      }\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.remove('colab-df-spinner');\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.add('colab-df-quickchart-complete');\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    (() => {\n",
              "      let quickchartButtonEl =\n",
              "        document.querySelector('#df-11392430-54bd-4f0a-aeb1-02bd2af26121 button');\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.style.display =\n",
              "        google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "    })();\n",
              "  </script>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 22
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# 4-2. 나이('Age')가 전체 데이터셋에서 한 번만 나타나는(즉, 중복되지 않는) row들만을 남기고, 중복되는 row들을 전부 제거하세요.\n",
        "df4.drop_duplicates(subset=['Age'], keep=False)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 708
        },
        "id": "4I2gcKlpWlYn",
        "outputId": "c1722e8c-d96f-4a20-cba7-8aade57ae93d"
      },
      "execution_count": 23,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "     PassengerId  Survived  Pclass  \\\n",
              "96            97         0       1   \n",
              "123          124         1       2   \n",
              "148          149         0       2   \n",
              "183          184         1       2   \n",
              "193          194         1       2   \n",
              "275          276         1       1   \n",
              "305          306         1       1   \n",
              "331          332         0       1   \n",
              "337          338         1       1   \n",
              "435          436         1       1   \n",
              "438          439         0       1   \n",
              "492          493         0       1   \n",
              "571          572         1       1   \n",
              "630          631         1       1   \n",
              "689          690         1       1   \n",
              "745          746         0       1   \n",
              "751          752         1       3   \n",
              "772          773         0       2   \n",
              "779          780         1       1   \n",
              "802          803         1       1   \n",
              "889          890         1       1   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                                  Name     Sex    Age  SibSp  \\\n",
              "96                           Goldschmidt, Mr. George B    male  71.00      0   \n",
              "123                                Webber, Miss. Susan  female  32.50      0   \n",
              "148           Navratil, Mr. Michel (\"Louis M Hoffman\")    male  36.50      0   \n",
              "183                          Becker, Master. Richard F    male   1.00      2   \n",
              "193                         Navratil, Master. Michel M    male   3.00      1   \n",
              "275                  Andrews, Miss. Kornelia Theodosia  female  63.00      1   \n",
              "305                     Allison, Master. Hudson Trevor    male   0.92      1   \n",
              "331                                Partner, Mr. Austen    male  45.50      0   \n",
              "337                    Burns, Miss. Elizabeth Margaret  female  41.00      0   \n",
              "435                          Carter, Miss. Lucile Polk  female  14.00      1   \n",
              "438                                  Fortune, Mr. Mark    male  64.00      1   \n",
              "492                         Molson, Mr. Harry Markland    male  55.00      0   \n",
              "571      Appleton, Mrs. Edward Dale (Charlotte Lamson)  female  53.00      2   \n",
              "630               Barkworth, Mr. Algernon Henry Wilson    male  80.00      0   \n",
              "689                  Madill, Miss. Georgette Alexandra  female  15.00      0   \n",
              "745                       Crosby, Capt. Edward Gifford    male  70.00      1   \n",
              "751                                Moor, Master. Meier    male   6.00      0   \n",
              "772                                  Mack, Mrs. (Mary)  female  57.00      0   \n",
              "779  Robert, Mrs. Edward Scott (Elisabeth Walton Mc...  female  43.00      0   \n",
              "802                Carter, Master. William Thornton II    male  11.00      1   \n",
              "889                              Behr, Mr. Karl Howell    male  26.00      0   \n",
              "\n",
              "     Parch       Ticket      Fare        Cabin Embarked  \n",
              "96       0     PC 17754   34.6542           A5        C  \n",
              "123      0        27267   13.0000         E101        S  \n",
              "148      2       230080   26.0000           F2        S  \n",
              "183      1       230136   39.0000           F4        S  \n",
              "193      1       230080   26.0000           F2        S  \n",
              "275      0        13502   77.9583           D7        S  \n",
              "305      2       113781  151.5500      C22 C26        S  \n",
              "331      0       113043   28.5000         C124        S  \n",
              "337      0        16966  134.5000          E40        C  \n",
              "435      2       113760  120.0000      B96 B98        S  \n",
              "438      4        19950  263.0000  C23 C25 C27        S  \n",
              "492      0       113787   30.5000          C30        S  \n",
              "571      0        11769   51.4792         C101        S  \n",
              "630      0        27042   30.0000          A23        S  \n",
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              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    80% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    90% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "\n",
              "  <script>\n",
              "    async function quickchart(key) {\n",
              "      const quickchartButtonEl =\n",
              "        document.querySelector('#' + key + ' button');\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.disabled = true;  // To prevent multiple clicks.\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.add('colab-df-spinner');\n",
              "      try {\n",
              "        const charts = await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction(\n",
              "            'suggestCharts', [key], {});\n",
              "      } catch (error) {\n",
              "        console.error('Error during call to suggestCharts:', error);\n",
              "      }\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.remove('colab-df-spinner');\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.add('colab-df-quickchart-complete');\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    (() => {\n",
              "      let quickchartButtonEl =\n",
              "        document.querySelector('#df-cb966f4a-a8a4-4e64-a4c4-d3a4d0d00bf2 button');\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.style.display =\n",
              "        google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "    })();\n",
              "  </script>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 23
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "## **5. 데이터 재구조화**\n",
        "\n",
        "---\n",
        "\n",
        "목적에 따라 DataFrame의 값은 유지하되 구조를 변경해야하는 경우가 존재합니다. 예를 들어, 어느 고객이 어느 영화를 보았다는 데이터가 `{고객 id : 영화 id}`와 같은 구성을 가지고, 이 데이터를 이용해 어떠한 기계학습 모델을 돌리고자 한다면 이를 딕셔너리와 같은 꼴을 가지도록 하는 것이 아니라, 행렬로 변환해 보았으면 1, 그렇지 않으면 0을 가지도록 해야할 수 있습니다. <br>\n",
        "\n",
        "---\n",
        "[Reshaping](https://pandas.pydata.org/docs/user_guide/reshaping.html)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "dN6NTYOHh4CE"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "df5 = df_org.copy(deep = True)\n",
        "df5.info()"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "U6Eh5srRqv5c",
        "outputId": "bc55e854-4040-4358-9416-4a63cd54a896"
      },
      "execution_count": 24,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "<class 'pandas.core.frame.DataFrame'>\n",
            "RangeIndex: 891 entries, 0 to 890\n",
            "Data columns (total 12 columns):\n",
            " #   Column       Non-Null Count  Dtype  \n",
            "---  ------       --------------  -----  \n",
            " 0   PassengerId  891 non-null    int64  \n",
            " 1   Survived     891 non-null    int64  \n",
            " 2   Pclass       891 non-null    int64  \n",
            " 3   Name         891 non-null    object \n",
            " 4   Sex          891 non-null    object \n",
            " 5   Age          714 non-null    float64\n",
            " 6   SibSp        891 non-null    int64  \n",
            " 7   Parch        891 non-null    int64  \n",
            " 8   Ticket       891 non-null    object \n",
            " 9   Fare         891 non-null    float64\n",
            " 10  Cabin        204 non-null    object \n",
            " 11  Embarked     889 non-null    object \n",
            "dtypes: float64(2), int64(5), object(5)\n",
            "memory usage: 83.7+ KB\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# 5-1. 등급('Pclass'), 승선항('Embarked')에 대해 원-핫 엔코딩을 적용하세요.\n",
        "pd.get_dummies(df5, columns=['Pclass', 'Embarked'])"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 493
        },
        "id": "7mWCmgzOr-Uj",
        "outputId": "bcb1729c-b839-4295-b3d8-f6f3063b8914"
      },
      "execution_count": 25,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "     PassengerId  Survived                                               Name  \\\n",
              "0              1         0                            Braund, Mr. Owen Harris   \n",
              "1              2         1  Cumings, Mrs. John Bradley (Florence Briggs Th...   \n",
              "2              3         1                             Heikkinen, Miss. Laina   \n",
              "3              4         1       Futrelle, Mrs. Jacques Heath (Lily May Peel)   \n",
              "4              5         0                           Allen, Mr. William Henry   \n",
              "..           ...       ...                                                ...   \n",
              "886          887         0                              Montvila, Rev. Juozas   \n",
              "887          888         1                       Graham, Miss. Margaret Edith   \n",
              "888          889         0           Johnston, Miss. Catherine Helen \"Carrie\"   \n",
              "889          890         1                              Behr, Mr. Karl Howell   \n",
              "890          891         0                                Dooley, Mr. Patrick   \n",
              "\n",
              "        Sex   Age  SibSp  Parch            Ticket     Fare Cabin  Pclass_1  \\\n",
              "0      male  22.0      1      0         A/5 21171   7.2500   NaN         0   \n",
              "1    female  38.0      1      0          PC 17599  71.2833   C85         1   \n",
              "2    female  26.0      0      0  STON/O2. 3101282   7.9250   NaN         0   \n",
              "3    female  35.0      1      0            113803  53.1000  C123         1   \n",
              "4      male  35.0      0      0            373450   8.0500   NaN         0   \n",
              "..      ...   ...    ...    ...               ...      ...   ...       ...   \n",
              "886    male  27.0      0      0            211536  13.0000   NaN         0   \n",
              "887  female  19.0      0      0            112053  30.0000   B42         1   \n",
              "888  female   NaN      1      2        W./C. 6607  23.4500   NaN         0   \n",
              "889    male  26.0      0      0            111369  30.0000  C148         1   \n",
              "890    male  32.0      0      0            370376   7.7500   NaN         0   \n",
              "\n",
              "     Pclass_2  Pclass_3  Embarked_C  Embarked_Q  Embarked_S  \n",
              "0           0         1           0           0           1  \n",
              "1           0         0           1           0           0  \n",
              "2           0         1           0           0           1  \n",
              "3           0         0           0           0           1  \n",
              "4           0         1           0           0           1  \n",
              "..        ...       ...         ...         ...         ...  \n",
              "886         1         0           0           0           1  \n",
              "887         0         0           0           0           1  \n",
              "888         0         1           0           0           1  \n",
              "889         0         0           1           0           0  \n",
              "890         0         1           0           1           0  \n",
              "\n",
              "[891 rows x 16 columns]"
            ],
            "text/html": [
              "\n",
              "  <div id=\"df-39851efb-a109-4768-8c9a-d14d780b4528\" class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
              "    <div>\n",
              "<style scoped>\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
              "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
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              "        text-align: right;\n",
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              "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
              "  <thead>\n",
              "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th>PassengerId</th>\n",
              "      <th>Survived</th>\n",
              "      <th>Name</th>\n",
              "      <th>Sex</th>\n",
              "      <th>Age</th>\n",
              "      <th>SibSp</th>\n",
              "      <th>Parch</th>\n",
              "      <th>Ticket</th>\n",
              "      <th>Fare</th>\n",
              "      <th>Cabin</th>\n",
              "      <th>Pclass_1</th>\n",
              "      <th>Pclass_2</th>\n",
              "      <th>Pclass_3</th>\n",
              "      <th>Embarked_C</th>\n",
              "      <th>Embarked_Q</th>\n",
              "      <th>Embarked_S</th>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </thead>\n",
              "  <tbody>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>0</th>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
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              "      <td>Braund, Mr. Owen Harris</td>\n",
              "      <td>male</td>\n",
              "      <td>22.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
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              "      <td>A/5 21171</td>\n",
              "      <td>7.2500</td>\n",
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              "      <td>Cumings, Mrs. John Bradley (Florence Briggs Th...</td>\n",
              "      <td>female</td>\n",
              "      <td>38.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>PC 17599</td>\n",
              "      <td>71.2833</td>\n",
              "      <td>C85</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
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              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>2</th>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>Heikkinen, Miss. Laina</td>\n",
              "      <td>female</td>\n",
              "      <td>26.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>STON/O2. 3101282</td>\n",
              "      <td>7.9250</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
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              "      <th>3</th>\n",
              "      <td>4</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>Futrelle, Mrs. Jacques Heath (Lily May Peel)</td>\n",
              "      <td>female</td>\n",
              "      <td>35.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>113803</td>\n",
              "      <td>53.1000</td>\n",
              "      <td>C123</td>\n",
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              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
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              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>4</th>\n",
              "      <td>5</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>Allen, Mr. William Henry</td>\n",
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              "      <td>35.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>373450</td>\n",
              "      <td>8.0500</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
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              "    <tr>\n",
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              "      <td>...</td>\n",
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              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>886</th>\n",
              "      <td>887</td>\n",
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              "      <td>Montvila, Rev. Juozas</td>\n",
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              "      <td>27.0</td>\n",
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              "      <td>112053</td>\n",
              "      <td>30.0000</td>\n",
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              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>888</th>\n",
              "      <td>889</td>\n",
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              "      <td>2</td>\n",
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              "      <td>23.4500</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
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              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>889</th>\n",
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              "      <td>Behr, Mr. Karl Howell</td>\n",
              "      <td>male</td>\n",
              "      <td>26.0</td>\n",
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              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>111369</td>\n",
              "      <td>30.0000</td>\n",
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              "      <td>0</td>\n",
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              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>890</th>\n",
              "      <td>891</td>\n",
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              "      <td>Dooley, Mr. Patrick</td>\n",
              "      <td>male</td>\n",
              "      <td>32.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>370376</td>\n",
              "      <td>7.7500</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
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              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </tbody>\n",
              "</table>\n",
              "<p>891 rows × 16 columns</p>\n",
              "</div>\n",
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              "        document.querySelector('#df-39851efb-a109-4768-8c9a-d14d780b4528 button.colab-df-convert');\n",
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              "        google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "\n",
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              "          await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                    [key], {});\n",
              "        if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "        const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "          '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "          + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "        element.innerHTML = '';\n",
              "        dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
              "        await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
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              "        docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
              "        element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
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              "\n",
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              "  .colab-df-quickchart {\n",
              "      --bg-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      --fill-color: #1967D2;\n",
              "      --hover-bg-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      --hover-fill-color: #174EA6;\n",
              "      --disabled-fill-color: #AAA;\n",
              "      --disabled-bg-color: #DDD;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  [theme=dark] .colab-df-quickchart {\n",
              "      --bg-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      --fill-color: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "      --hover-bg-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      --hover-fill-color: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "      --disabled-bg-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      --disabled-fill-color: #666;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart {\n",
              "    background-color: var(--bg-color);\n",
              "    border: none;\n",
              "    border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "    cursor: pointer;\n",
              "    display: none;\n",
              "    fill: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    height: 32px;\n",
              "    padding: 0;\n",
              "    width: 32px;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart:hover {\n",
              "    background-color: var(--hover-bg-color);\n",
              "    box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "    fill: var(--button-hover-fill-color);\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart-complete:disabled,\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart-complete:disabled:hover {\n",
              "    background-color: var(--disabled-bg-color);\n",
              "    fill: var(--disabled-fill-color);\n",
              "    box-shadow: none;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  .colab-df-spinner {\n",
              "    border: 2px solid var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    border-color: transparent;\n",
              "    border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    animation:\n",
              "      spin 1s steps(1) infinite;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  @keyframes spin {\n",
              "    0% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-left-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    20% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-left-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-top-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    30% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-left-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-top-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    40% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-top-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    60% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    80% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    90% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "\n",
              "  <script>\n",
              "    async function quickchart(key) {\n",
              "      const quickchartButtonEl =\n",
              "        document.querySelector('#' + key + ' button');\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.disabled = true;  // To prevent multiple clicks.\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.add('colab-df-spinner');\n",
              "      try {\n",
              "        const charts = await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction(\n",
              "            'suggestCharts', [key], {});\n",
              "      } catch (error) {\n",
              "        console.error('Error during call to suggestCharts:', error);\n",
              "      }\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.remove('colab-df-spinner');\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.add('colab-df-quickchart-complete');\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    (() => {\n",
              "      let quickchartButtonEl =\n",
              "        document.querySelector('#df-049fd08b-a5d5-448a-b24c-dacb4e84a09d button');\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.style.display =\n",
              "        google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "    })();\n",
              "  </script>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 25
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "pd.crosstab(df5['Pclass'], df5['Survived'])"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 175
        },
        "id": "Lg9ZL-rFup_k",
        "outputId": "031e7057-9a9c-4b2c-f10f-57b0ad675d7a"
      },
      "execution_count": 26,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "Survived    0    1\n",
              "Pclass            \n",
              "1          80  136\n",
              "2          97   87\n",
              "3         372  119"
            ],
            "text/html": [
              "\n",
              "  <div id=\"df-4b1fa1a2-973c-4850-907e-3ef1851fcc30\" class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
              "    <div>\n",
              "<style scoped>\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
              "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
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              "\n",
              "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
              "        text-align: right;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
              "  <thead>\n",
              "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
              "      <th>Survived</th>\n",
              "      <th>0</th>\n",
              "      <th>1</th>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>Pclass</th>\n",
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              "  </thead>\n",
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              "      <td>80</td>\n",
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              "      <td>97</td>\n",
              "      <td>87</td>\n",
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              "      <th>3</th>\n",
              "      <td>372</td>\n",
              "      <td>119</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
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              "</div>\n",
              "    <div class=\"colab-df-buttons\">\n",
              "\n",
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              "    <button class=\"colab-df-convert\" onclick=\"convertToInteractive('df-4b1fa1a2-973c-4850-907e-3ef1851fcc30')\"\n",
              "            title=\"Convert this dataframe to an interactive table.\"\n",
              "            style=\"display:none;\">\n",
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              "  </svg>\n",
              "    </button>\n",
              "\n",
              "  <style>\n",
              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
              "      display:flex;\n",
              "      gap: 12px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      border: none;\n",
              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
              "      display: none;\n",
              "      fill: #1967D2;\n",
              "      height: 32px;\n",
              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
              "      width: 32px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "      fill: #174EA6;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-buttons div {\n",
              "      margin-bottom: 4px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);\n",
              "      filter: drop-shadow(0px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));\n",
              "      fill: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  </style>\n",
              "\n",
              "    <script>\n",
              "      const buttonEl =\n",
              "        document.querySelector('#df-4b1fa1a2-973c-4850-907e-3ef1851fcc30 button.colab-df-convert');\n",
              "      buttonEl.style.display =\n",
              "        google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "\n",
              "      async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
              "        const element = document.querySelector('#df-4b1fa1a2-973c-4850-907e-3ef1851fcc30');\n",
              "        const dataTable =\n",
              "          await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                    [key], {});\n",
              "        if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "        const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "          '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "          + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "        element.innerHTML = '';\n",
              "        dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
              "        await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
              "        const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
              "        docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
              "        element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
              "      }\n",
              "    </script>\n",
              "  </div>\n",
              "\n",
              "\n",
              "<div id=\"df-b6cdac9b-cfe3-41f0-8b9d-e5037e120492\">\n",
              "  <button class=\"colab-df-quickchart\" onclick=\"quickchart('df-b6cdac9b-cfe3-41f0-8b9d-e5037e120492')\"\n",
              "            title=\"Suggest charts.\"\n",
              "            style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "\n",
              "<svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
              "     width=\"24px\">\n",
              "    <g>\n",
              "        <path d=\"M19 3H5c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h14c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V5c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zM9 17H7v-7h2v7zm4 0h-2V7h2v10zm4 0h-2v-4h2v4z\"/>\n",
              "    </g>\n",
              "</svg>\n",
              "  </button>\n",
              "\n",
              "<style>\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart {\n",
              "      --bg-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      --fill-color: #1967D2;\n",
              "      --hover-bg-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      --hover-fill-color: #174EA6;\n",
              "      --disabled-fill-color: #AAA;\n",
              "      --disabled-bg-color: #DDD;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  [theme=dark] .colab-df-quickchart {\n",
              "      --bg-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      --fill-color: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "      --hover-bg-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      --hover-fill-color: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "      --disabled-bg-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      --disabled-fill-color: #666;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart {\n",
              "    background-color: var(--bg-color);\n",
              "    border: none;\n",
              "    border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "    cursor: pointer;\n",
              "    display: none;\n",
              "    fill: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    height: 32px;\n",
              "    padding: 0;\n",
              "    width: 32px;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart:hover {\n",
              "    background-color: var(--hover-bg-color);\n",
              "    box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "    fill: var(--button-hover-fill-color);\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart-complete:disabled,\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart-complete:disabled:hover {\n",
              "    background-color: var(--disabled-bg-color);\n",
              "    fill: var(--disabled-fill-color);\n",
              "    box-shadow: none;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  .colab-df-spinner {\n",
              "    border: 2px solid var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    border-color: transparent;\n",
              "    border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    animation:\n",
              "      spin 1s steps(1) infinite;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  @keyframes spin {\n",
              "    0% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-left-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    20% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-left-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-top-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    30% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-left-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-top-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    40% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-top-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    60% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    80% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    90% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "\n",
              "  <script>\n",
              "    async function quickchart(key) {\n",
              "      const quickchartButtonEl =\n",
              "        document.querySelector('#' + key + ' button');\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.disabled = true;  // To prevent multiple clicks.\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.add('colab-df-spinner');\n",
              "      try {\n",
              "        const charts = await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction(\n",
              "            'suggestCharts', [key], {});\n",
              "      } catch (error) {\n",
              "        console.error('Error during call to suggestCharts:', error);\n",
              "      }\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.remove('colab-df-spinner');\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.add('colab-df-quickchart-complete');\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    (() => {\n",
              "      let quickchartButtonEl =\n",
              "        document.querySelector('#df-b6cdac9b-cfe3-41f0-8b9d-e5037e120492 button');\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.style.display =\n",
              "        google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "    })();\n",
              "  </script>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 26
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# 5-2. 위 셀에는 df5를 이용해 구성된 crosstab이 주어져 있습니다. pd.pivot_table()을 이용해 동일한 테이블이 출력되도록 하세요.\n",
        "pd.pivot_table(df5, index=['Pclass'], columns=['Survived'], aggfunc='size')"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 175
        },
        "id": "nm2BohlstZHj",
        "outputId": "80b12c0b-0c25-408b-bf8f-69f39dc216d3"
      },
      "execution_count": 27,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "Survived    0    1\n",
              "Pclass            \n",
              "1          80  136\n",
              "2          97   87\n",
              "3         372  119"
            ],
            "text/html": [
              "\n",
              "  <div id=\"df-61207fc2-6080-4c44-88e4-45634bb48eb2\" class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
              "    <div>\n",
              "<style scoped>\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
              "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
              "        vertical-align: top;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
              "        text-align: right;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
              "  <thead>\n",
              "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
              "      <th>Survived</th>\n",
              "      <th>0</th>\n",
              "      <th>1</th>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>Pclass</th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
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              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>2</th>\n",
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              "      <th>3</th>\n",
              "      <td>372</td>\n",
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              "    <div class=\"colab-df-buttons\">\n",
              "\n",
              "  <div class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
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              "            style=\"display:none;\">\n",
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              "  </svg>\n",
              "    </button>\n",
              "\n",
              "  <style>\n",
              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
              "      display:flex;\n",
              "      gap: 12px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      border: none;\n",
              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
              "      display: none;\n",
              "      fill: #1967D2;\n",
              "      height: 32px;\n",
              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
              "      width: 32px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "      fill: #174EA6;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-buttons div {\n",
              "      margin-bottom: 4px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);\n",
              "      filter: drop-shadow(0px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));\n",
              "      fill: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  </style>\n",
              "\n",
              "    <script>\n",
              "      const buttonEl =\n",
              "        document.querySelector('#df-61207fc2-6080-4c44-88e4-45634bb48eb2 button.colab-df-convert');\n",
              "      buttonEl.style.display =\n",
              "        google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "\n",
              "      async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
              "        const element = document.querySelector('#df-61207fc2-6080-4c44-88e4-45634bb48eb2');\n",
              "        const dataTable =\n",
              "          await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                    [key], {});\n",
              "        if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "        const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "          '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "          + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "        element.innerHTML = '';\n",
              "        dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
              "        await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
              "        const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
              "        docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
              "        element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
              "      }\n",
              "    </script>\n",
              "  </div>\n",
              "\n",
              "\n",
              "<div id=\"df-34c01de1-0996-4e54-92a9-629bb16946b0\">\n",
              "  <button class=\"colab-df-quickchart\" onclick=\"quickchart('df-34c01de1-0996-4e54-92a9-629bb16946b0')\"\n",
              "            title=\"Suggest charts.\"\n",
              "            style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "\n",
              "<svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
              "     width=\"24px\">\n",
              "    <g>\n",
              "        <path d=\"M19 3H5c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h14c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V5c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zM9 17H7v-7h2v7zm4 0h-2V7h2v10zm4 0h-2v-4h2v4z\"/>\n",
              "    </g>\n",
              "</svg>\n",
              "  </button>\n",
              "\n",
              "<style>\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart {\n",
              "      --bg-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      --fill-color: #1967D2;\n",
              "      --hover-bg-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      --hover-fill-color: #174EA6;\n",
              "      --disabled-fill-color: #AAA;\n",
              "      --disabled-bg-color: #DDD;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  [theme=dark] .colab-df-quickchart {\n",
              "      --bg-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      --fill-color: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "      --hover-bg-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      --hover-fill-color: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "      --disabled-bg-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      --disabled-fill-color: #666;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart {\n",
              "    background-color: var(--bg-color);\n",
              "    border: none;\n",
              "    border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "    cursor: pointer;\n",
              "    display: none;\n",
              "    fill: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    height: 32px;\n",
              "    padding: 0;\n",
              "    width: 32px;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart:hover {\n",
              "    background-color: var(--hover-bg-color);\n",
              "    box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "    fill: var(--button-hover-fill-color);\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart-complete:disabled,\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart-complete:disabled:hover {\n",
              "    background-color: var(--disabled-bg-color);\n",
              "    fill: var(--disabled-fill-color);\n",
              "    box-shadow: none;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  .colab-df-spinner {\n",
              "    border: 2px solid var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    border-color: transparent;\n",
              "    border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    animation:\n",
              "      spin 1s steps(1) infinite;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  @keyframes spin {\n",
              "    0% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-left-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    20% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-left-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-top-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    30% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-left-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-top-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    40% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-top-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    60% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    80% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    90% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "\n",
              "  <script>\n",
              "    async function quickchart(key) {\n",
              "      const quickchartButtonEl =\n",
              "        document.querySelector('#' + key + ' button');\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.disabled = true;  // To prevent multiple clicks.\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.add('colab-df-spinner');\n",
              "      try {\n",
              "        const charts = await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction(\n",
              "            'suggestCharts', [key], {});\n",
              "      } catch (error) {\n",
              "        console.error('Error during call to suggestCharts:', error);\n",
              "      }\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.remove('colab-df-spinner');\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.add('colab-df-quickchart-complete');\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    (() => {\n",
              "      let quickchartButtonEl =\n",
              "        document.querySelector('#df-34c01de1-0996-4e54-92a9-629bb16946b0 button');\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.style.display =\n",
              "        google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "    })();\n",
              "  </script>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 27
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# 5-3. 5-2의 테이블과 동일한 분류를 이용해, 빈도('size') 대신 나이('Age') 중앙값을 집계한 테이블을 출력하세요.\n",
        "pd.pivot_table(df5, values='Age', index=['Pclass'], columns=['Survived'], aggfunc='median')"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 175
        },
        "id": "B_-yXap0wAyV",
        "outputId": "db1d04da-6df6-4988-d01c-107bdaf529b8"
      },
      "execution_count": 29,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "Survived      0     1\n",
              "Pclass               \n",
              "1         45.25  35.0\n",
              "2         30.50  28.0\n",
              "3         25.00  22.0"
            ],
            "text/html": [
              "\n",
              "  <div id=\"df-acb6941f-555a-47fb-9215-260c7411700c\" class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
              "    <div>\n",
              "<style scoped>\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
              "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
              "        vertical-align: top;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
              "        text-align: right;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
              "  <thead>\n",
              "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
              "      <th>Survived</th>\n",
              "      <th>0</th>\n",
              "      <th>1</th>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>Pclass</th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </thead>\n",
              "  <tbody>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>1</th>\n",
              "      <td>45.25</td>\n",
              "      <td>35.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>2</th>\n",
              "      <td>30.50</td>\n",
              "      <td>28.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>3</th>\n",
              "      <td>25.00</td>\n",
              "      <td>22.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </tbody>\n",
              "</table>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "    <div class=\"colab-df-buttons\">\n",
              "\n",
              "  <div class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
              "    <button class=\"colab-df-convert\" onclick=\"convertToInteractive('df-acb6941f-555a-47fb-9215-260c7411700c')\"\n",
              "            title=\"Convert this dataframe to an interactive table.\"\n",
              "            style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "\n",
              "  <svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\" viewBox=\"0 -960 960 960\">\n",
              "    <path d=\"M120-120v-720h720v720H120Zm60-500h600v-160H180v160Zm220 220h160v-160H400v160Zm0 220h160v-160H400v160ZM180-400h160v-160H180v160Zm440 0h160v-160H620v160ZM180-180h160v-160H180v160Zm440 0h160v-160H620v160Z\"/>\n",
              "  </svg>\n",
              "    </button>\n",
              "\n",
              "  <style>\n",
              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
              "      display:flex;\n",
              "      gap: 12px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      border: none;\n",
              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
              "      display: none;\n",
              "      fill: #1967D2;\n",
              "      height: 32px;\n",
              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
              "      width: 32px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "      fill: #174EA6;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-buttons div {\n",
              "      margin-bottom: 4px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);\n",
              "      filter: drop-shadow(0px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));\n",
              "      fill: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  </style>\n",
              "\n",
              "    <script>\n",
              "      const buttonEl =\n",
              "        document.querySelector('#df-acb6941f-555a-47fb-9215-260c7411700c button.colab-df-convert');\n",
              "      buttonEl.style.display =\n",
              "        google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "\n",
              "      async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
              "        const element = document.querySelector('#df-acb6941f-555a-47fb-9215-260c7411700c');\n",
              "        const dataTable =\n",
              "          await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                    [key], {});\n",
              "        if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "        const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "          '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "          + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "        element.innerHTML = '';\n",
              "        dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
              "        await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
              "        const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
              "        docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
              "        element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
              "      }\n",
              "    </script>\n",
              "  </div>\n",
              "\n",
              "\n",
              "<div id=\"df-5f11d0d6-6edb-4280-b929-fc9ac6de640d\">\n",
              "  <button class=\"colab-df-quickchart\" onclick=\"quickchart('df-5f11d0d6-6edb-4280-b929-fc9ac6de640d')\"\n",
              "            title=\"Suggest charts.\"\n",
              "            style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "\n",
              "<svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
              "     width=\"24px\">\n",
              "    <g>\n",
              "        <path d=\"M19 3H5c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h14c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V5c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zM9 17H7v-7h2v7zm4 0h-2V7h2v10zm4 0h-2v-4h2v4z\"/>\n",
              "    </g>\n",
              "</svg>\n",
              "  </button>\n",
              "\n",
              "<style>\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart {\n",
              "      --bg-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      --fill-color: #1967D2;\n",
              "      --hover-bg-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      --hover-fill-color: #174EA6;\n",
              "      --disabled-fill-color: #AAA;\n",
              "      --disabled-bg-color: #DDD;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  [theme=dark] .colab-df-quickchart {\n",
              "      --bg-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      --fill-color: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "      --hover-bg-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      --hover-fill-color: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "      --disabled-bg-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      --disabled-fill-color: #666;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart {\n",
              "    background-color: var(--bg-color);\n",
              "    border: none;\n",
              "    border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "    cursor: pointer;\n",
              "    display: none;\n",
              "    fill: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    height: 32px;\n",
              "    padding: 0;\n",
              "    width: 32px;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart:hover {\n",
              "    background-color: var(--hover-bg-color);\n",
              "    box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "    fill: var(--button-hover-fill-color);\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart-complete:disabled,\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart-complete:disabled:hover {\n",
              "    background-color: var(--disabled-bg-color);\n",
              "    fill: var(--disabled-fill-color);\n",
              "    box-shadow: none;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  .colab-df-spinner {\n",
              "    border: 2px solid var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    border-color: transparent;\n",
              "    border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    animation:\n",
              "      spin 1s steps(1) infinite;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  @keyframes spin {\n",
              "    0% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-left-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    20% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-left-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-top-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    30% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-left-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-top-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    40% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-top-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    60% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    80% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    90% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "\n",
              "  <script>\n",
              "    async function quickchart(key) {\n",
              "      const quickchartButtonEl =\n",
              "        document.querySelector('#' + key + ' button');\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.disabled = true;  // To prevent multiple clicks.\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.add('colab-df-spinner');\n",
              "      try {\n",
              "        const charts = await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction(\n",
              "            'suggestCharts', [key], {});\n",
              "      } catch (error) {\n",
              "        console.error('Error during call to suggestCharts:', error);\n",
              "      }\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.remove('colab-df-spinner');\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.add('colab-df-quickchart-complete');\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    (() => {\n",
              "      let quickchartButtonEl =\n",
              "        document.querySelector('#df-5f11d0d6-6edb-4280-b929-fc9ac6de640d button');\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.style.display =\n",
              "        google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "    })();\n",
              "  </script>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 29
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}