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Utilities for Tree of Life AGP and TPF Assembly Files

Code for working with AGP and TPF files as used within the Tree of Life project, where the combination of long read sequencing and HiC data is used to produce whole genome assemblies. It is not therefore intended to cover the full range of AGP and TPF syntax.

Scripts

Added to your PATH if the suggested development venv is set up. Run with --help for usage.

asm-format

Parses and reformats AGP and TPF files, converting into either format.

pretext-to-asm

Takes the AGP file output by PretextView and the input assembly (usually FASTA), and produces an output assembly in FASTA and AGP formats. The input and output file formats are determined from the extensions of the files. FASTA input and output uses the .fai index format, as produced by faidx, and uses a streaming strategy with a 250 KB buffer to keep memory usage low no matter how large the chromosome.

File Formats

Both TPF and AGP file formats described here contain the same information. AGP is the more appropriate format to use, since it was designed for sequence assembly coordinates, whereas TPF was for listing (cosmid, fosmid, YAC or BAC) clones and their accessions in the order that they were tiled to build a chromosome.

AGP

Each line in the AGP v2.1 specification contains 9 tab delimited columns. Of these columns:

  • DNA Sequence
    • column 5 the "component_type" contains W in our assemblies, meaning a contig from Whole Genome Shotgun (WGS) sequencing.
    • columns 10 and greater are extra tag metadata columns not included in the AGP v2.1 specification. (See below for their possible values.)
  • Gaps
    • column 5 the "component_type" contains U in our assemblies, for a gap of unknown length. (The other gap type N is for gaps of known length.)
    • column 6 The default length in the specification for U gaps is 100 base pairs, but we use 200 bp gaps, as produced by yahs
    • column 7 has scaffold, signifying a gap between two contigs in a scaffold.
    • column 8 has yes, signifying that there is evidence of linkage between the sequence data on either side of the gap.

Tags

Single words appended in tab-delimted columns beyond column 9, they can contain:

  • Contaminant
  • Haplotig for haplotype-specific contigs.
  • Haplotypes:
    • Hap1, Hap2…
  • Painted where fragment has HiC contacts.
  • Unloc are fragments attached to chromosomes but unlocalised within them.
  • Sex Chromosomes:
    • U
    • V
    • W or W1, W2…
    • X or X1, X2…
    • Y or Y1, Y2…
    • Z or Z1, Z2…
  • B Chromosomes:
    • B1, B2, B3…

TPF

Our TPF files are highly diverged from the original specification.

  • We incorporate assembly coordinates, which was not the purpose of TPF files.
  • We do not necessarily include any ## header lines, which were mandatory in the original specification.
  • DNA Sequence
    • column 1 the "accession" is always ? since the components of our assemblies are not accessioned.
    • column 2 the "clone name" does not contain a clone name, but contains the name of scaffold fragment or whole scaffold, with the format: <name>:<start>-<end> i.e. assembly coordinates.
    • column 3 the "local contig identifier" now contains the name of the scaffold each sequence fragment belongs to. Each TPF file used to contain a single chromosome, but we put a whole genome into a single file, and this column groups the fragments into chromosomes / scaffolds.
    • column 4 which in the original specification was used for indicating CONTAINED or CONTAINED_TURNOUT clones now holds assembly strand information, either PLUS or MINUS.
  • Gaps
    • column 2 is TYPE-2, which meant a gap between two clones
    • column 3 length, using our default of 200 bp.

Development Setup

In your cloned copy of the git repository:

python3 -m venv --prompt asm-utils venv
source venv/bin/activate
pip install --upgrade pip
pip install --editable . 'tola-agp-tpf-utils[devel]'

An alias such as this:

alias atu="cd $HOME/git/agp-tpf-utils && source ./venv/bin/activate"

in your shell's .*rc file (e.g. ~/.bashrc for bash or ~/.zshrc for zsh) can be convenient.

Reinstalling Development Environment

Some changes, such as adding a new command line script to pyproject.toml, require the development environment to be reinstalled:

pip uninstall tola-agp-tpf-utils
pip install --editable . 'tola-agp-tpf-utils[devel]'
hash -r

Running Tests

Tests, located in the tests/ directory, are run with the pytest command from the project root.