diff --git a/src/cargo/ops/cargo_compile/mod.rs b/src/cargo/ops/cargo_compile/mod.rs
index 7eed3cc1ef2..6d45e69026c 100644
--- a/src/cargo/ops/cargo_compile/mod.rs
+++ b/src/cargo/ops/cargo_compile/mod.rs
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@
 //! [`drain_the_queue`]: crate::core::compiler::job_queue
 //! ["Cargo Target"]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/cargo/reference/cargo-targets.html
 
+use cargo_platform::Cfg;
 use std::collections::{HashMap, HashSet};
 use std::hash::{Hash, Hasher};
 use std::sync::Arc;
@@ -436,6 +437,7 @@ pub fn create_bcx<'a, 'gctx>(
         &units,
         &scrape_units,
         host_kind_requested.then_some(explicit_host_kind),
+        &target_data,
     );
 
     let mut extra_compiler_args = HashMap::new();
@@ -575,6 +577,7 @@ fn rebuild_unit_graph_shared(
     roots: &[Unit],
     scrape_units: &[Unit],
     to_host: Option<CompileKind>,
+    target_data: &RustcTargetData<'_>,
 ) -> (Vec<Unit>, Vec<Unit>, UnitGraph) {
     let mut result = UnitGraph::new();
     // Map of the old unit to the new unit, used to avoid recursing into units
@@ -591,6 +594,7 @@ fn rebuild_unit_graph_shared(
                 root,
                 false,
                 to_host,
+                target_data,
             )
         })
         .collect();
@@ -617,6 +621,7 @@ fn traverse_and_share(
     unit: &Unit,
     unit_is_for_host: bool,
     to_host: Option<CompileKind>,
+    target_data: &RustcTargetData<'_>,
 ) -> Unit {
     if let Some(new_unit) = memo.get(unit) {
         // Already computed, no need to recompute.
@@ -634,6 +639,7 @@ fn traverse_and_share(
                 &dep.unit,
                 dep.unit_for.is_for_host(),
                 to_host,
+                target_data,
             );
             new_dep_unit.hash(&mut dep_hash);
             UnitDep {
@@ -657,8 +663,13 @@ fn traverse_and_share(
         _ => unit.kind,
     };
 
+    let cfg = target_data.cfg(unit.kind);
+    let is_target_windows_msvc = cfg.contains(&Cfg::Name("windows".to_string()))
+        && cfg.contains(&Cfg::KeyPair("target_env".to_string(), "msvc".to_string()));
     let mut profile = unit.profile.clone();
-    if profile.strip.is_deferred() {
+    // For MSVC, rustc currently treats -Cstrip=debuginfo same as -Cstrip=symbols, which causes
+    // this optimization to also remove symbols and thus break backtraces.
+    if profile.strip.is_deferred() && !is_target_windows_msvc {
         // If strip was not manually set, and all dependencies of this unit together
         // with this unit have debuginfo turned off, we enable debuginfo stripping.
         // This will remove pre-existing debug symbols coming from the standard library.