diff --git a/causal_curve/gps.py b/causal_curve/gps.py
index 5946f4f..c01d325 100644
--- a/causal_curve/gps.py
+++ b/causal_curve/gps.py
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ def _validate_init_params(self):
         if not isinstance(self.gps_family, (str, type(None))):
             raise TypeError(
                 f"gps_family parameter must be a string or None "
-                 f"but found type {type(self.gps_family)}"
+                f"but found type {type(self.gps_family)}"
             )
 
         if (isinstance(self.gps_family, str)) and (
diff --git a/causal_curve/mediation.py b/causal_curve/mediation.py
index 8d85eb8..1b71fb7 100644
--- a/causal_curve/mediation.py
+++ b/causal_curve/mediation.py
@@ -503,9 +503,7 @@ def calculate_mediation(self, ci=0.95):
         bootstrap_overall_means = []
         for i in range(0, 1000):
             bootstrap_overall_means.append(
-                general_indirect.sample(
-                    frac=0.25, replace=True
-                ).mean()
+                general_indirect.sample(frac=0.25, replace=True).mean()
             )
 
         bootstrap_overall_means = np.array(bootstrap_overall_means)
@@ -585,9 +583,7 @@ def _bootstrap_analysis(self, temp_low_treatment, temp_high_treatment):
     def _create_bootstrap_replicate(self):
         """Creates a single bootstrap replicate from the data
         """
-        temp_t = self.T.sample(
-            n=self.bootstrap_draws, replace=True
-        )
+        temp_t = self.T.sample(n=self.bootstrap_draws, replace=True)
         temp_m = self.M.iloc[temp_t.index]
         temp_y = self.y.iloc[temp_t.index]
 
diff --git a/causal_curve/tmle.py b/causal_curve/tmle.py
index 636a5da..1974446 100644
--- a/causal_curve/tmle.py
+++ b/causal_curve/tmle.py
@@ -145,14 +145,14 @@ def _validate_init_params(self):
         if not isinstance(self.treatment_grid_bins, list):
             raise TypeError(
                 f"treatment_grid_bins parameter must be a list, "
-                 f"but found type {type(self.treatment_grid_bins)}"
+                f"but found type {type(self.treatment_grid_bins)}"
             )
 
         for element in self.treatment_grid_bins:
             if not isinstance(element, (int, float)):
                 raise TypeError(
                     f"'{element}' in `treatment_grid_bins` list is not of type float or int, "
-                     f"it is {type(element)}"
+                    f"it is {type(element)}"
                 )
 
         if len(self.treatment_grid_bins) < 2: