diff --git a/src/plone/restapi/search/query.py b/src/plone/restapi/search/query.py
index ded16393e9..09c4673ee6 100644
--- a/src/plone/restapi/search/query.py
+++ b/src/plone/restapi/search/query.py
@@ -171,13 +171,16 @@ def parse_complex_query(self, idx_query):
         idx_query = idx_query.copy()
         parsed_query = {}
 
-        try:
-            qv = idx_query.pop("query")
-            parsed_query["query"] = self.parse_simple_query(qv)
-        except KeyError:
+        if "query" not in idx_query and "not" not in idx_query:
             raise QueryParsingError(
-                "Query for index %r is missing a 'query' key!" % self.index
+                "Query for index %r is missing a 'query' or 'not' key!" % self.index
             )
+        if "query" in idx_query:
+            qv = idx_query.pop("query")
+            parsed_query["query"] = self.parse_simple_query(qv)
+        if "not" in idx_query:
+            nt = idx_query.pop("not")
+            parsed_query["not"] = self.parse_simple_query(nt)
 
         for opt_key, opt_value in idx_query.items():
             if opt_key in self.query_options:
diff --git a/src/plone/restapi/tests/test_search.py b/src/plone/restapi/tests/test_search.py
index e4ddb4c38d..be1c2ccb3c 100644
--- a/src/plone/restapi/tests/test_search.py
+++ b/src/plone/restapi/tests/test_search.py
@@ -416,6 +416,50 @@ def test_keyword_index_str_query_and(self):
 
         self.assertEqual(["/plone/folder/doc"], result_paths(response.json()))
 
+    def test_keyword_index_not_as_list(self):
+        query = {"test_list_field.not": ["Keyword1", "Keyword2"]}
+        response = self.api_session.get("/@search", params=query)
+
+        self.assertEqual(
+            sorted(
+                [
+                    "/plone",
+                    "/plone/doc-outside-folder",
+                    "/plone/folder",
+                    "/plone/folder2",
+                    "/plone/folder2/doc",
+                ]
+            ),
+            sorted(result_paths(response.json())),
+        )
+
+    def test_keyword_index_not_as_str(self):
+        query = {"test_list_field.not": "Keyword1"}
+        response = self.api_session.get("/@search", params=query)
+        self.assertEqual(
+            sorted(
+                [
+                    "/plone",
+                    "/plone/folder",
+                    "/plone/folder/other-document",
+                    "/plone/folder2",
+                    "/plone/folder2/doc",
+                    "/plone/doc-outside-folder",
+                ]
+            ),
+            sorted(result_paths(response.json())),
+        )
+
+    def test_keyword_index_query_and_not(self):
+        query = {
+            "test_list_field.query": "Keyword2",
+            "test_list_field.not": "Keyword1",
+        }
+        response = self.api_session.get("/@search", params=query)
+        self.assertEqual(
+            ["/plone/folder/other-document"], result_paths(response.json())
+        )
+
     # BooleanIndex
 
     def test_boolean_index_query(self):
@@ -446,6 +490,32 @@ def test_field_index_int_range_query(self):
 
         self.assertEqual(["/plone/folder/doc"], result_paths(response.json()))
 
+    def test_field_index_not_as_list(self):
+        query = {"portal_type.not": ["DXTestDocument", "Plone Site"]}
+        response = self.api_session.get("/@search", params=query)
+
+        self.assertEqual(
+            sorted(["/plone/folder", "/plone/folder2"]),
+            sorted(result_paths(response.json())),
+        )
+
+    def test_field_index_not_as_str(self):
+        query = {"portal_type.not": ["DXTestDocument"]}
+        response = self.api_session.get("/@search", params=query)
+
+        self.assertEqual(
+            sorted(["/plone/folder", "/plone/folder2", "/plone"]),
+            sorted(result_paths(response.json())),
+        )
+
+    def test_field_index_query_and_not(self):
+        query = {
+            "id.query": ["folder", "folder2"],
+            "id.not": "folder2",
+        }
+        response = self.api_session.get("/@search", params=query)
+        self.assertEqual(["/plone/folder"], result_paths(response.json()))
+
     # ExtendedPathIndex
 
     def test_extended_path_index_query(self):
@@ -555,6 +625,44 @@ def test_date_index_ranged_query(self):
 
         self.assertEqual(["/plone/folder/doc"], result_paths(response.json()))
 
+    def test_date_index_not_as_list(self):
+        query = {
+            "start.not": [date(1950, 1, 1).isoformat(), date(1975, 1, 1).isoformat()]
+        }
+        response = self.api_session.get("/@search", params=query)
+
+        self.assertEqual(
+            sorted(
+                [
+                    "/plone",
+                    "/plone/folder",
+                    "/plone/folder2",
+                    "/plone/doc-outside-folder",
+                ]
+            ),
+            sorted(result_paths(response.json())),
+        )
+
+    def test_date_index_not_as_date(self):
+        query = {
+            "start.not": date(1950, 1, 1).isoformat(),
+        }
+        response = self.api_session.get("/@search", params=query)
+
+        self.assertEqual(
+            sorted(
+                [
+                    "/plone",
+                    "/plone/folder",
+                    "/plone/folder/other-document",
+                    "/plone/folder2",
+                    "/plone/folder2/doc",
+                    "/plone/doc-outside-folder",
+                ]
+            ),
+            sorted(result_paths(response.json())),
+        )
+
     # DateRangeIndex
 
     def test_date_range_index_query(self):