BUG: .style.bar doesn't work with missing pyarrow values

[mattharrison]

Pandas version checks

• I have checked that this issue has not already been reported.

• I have confirmed this bug exists on the latest version of pandas.

• I have confirmed this bug exists on the main branch of pandas.

Reproducible Example

import io
data = '''name,age,test1,test2,teacher
Adam,15,95.0,80,Ashby
Bob,16,81.0,82,Ashby
Dave,16,89.0,84,Jones
Fred,15,,88,Jones'''
scores = pd.read_csv(io.StringIO(data), dtype_backend='pyarrow',
                    engine='pyarrow'
                    )

(scores
.style.bar(subset='test1')
)

Issue Description

This throws a TypeError but works with legacy types.

TypeError                                 Traceback (most recent call last)
File ~/.envs/menv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/IPython/core/formatters.py:342, in BaseFormatter.__call__(self, obj)
    340     method = get_real_method(obj, self.print_method)
    341     if method is not None:
--> 342         return method()
    343     return None
    344 else:

File ~/.envs/menv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/style.py:408, in Styler._repr_html_(self)
    403 """
    404 Hooks into Jupyter notebook rich display system, which calls _repr_html_ by
    405 default if an object is returned at the end of a cell.
    406 """
    407 if get_option("styler.render.repr") == "html":
--> 408     return self.to_html()
    409 return None

File ~/.envs/menv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/style.py:1348, in Styler.to_html(self, buf, table_uuid, table_attributes, sparse_index, sparse_columns, bold_headers, caption, max_rows, max_columns, encoding, doctype_html, exclude_styles, **kwargs)
   1345     obj.set_caption(caption)
   1347 # Build HTML string..
-> 1348 html = obj._render_html(
   1349     sparse_index=sparse_index,
   1350     sparse_columns=sparse_columns,
   1351     max_rows=max_rows,
   1352     max_cols=max_columns,
   1353     exclude_styles=exclude_styles,
   1354     encoding=encoding or get_option("styler.render.encoding"),
   1355     doctype_html=doctype_html,
   1356     **kwargs,
   1357 )
   1359 return save_to_buffer(
   1360     html, buf=buf, encoding=(encoding if buf is not None else None)
   1361 )

File ~/.envs/menv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/style_render.py:204, in StylerRenderer._render_html(self, sparse_index, sparse_columns, max_rows, max_cols, **kwargs)
    192 def _render_html(
    193     self,
    194     sparse_index: bool,
   (...)
    198     **kwargs,
    199 ) -> str:
    200     """
    201     Renders the ``Styler`` including all applied styles to HTML.
    202     Generates a dict with necessary kwargs passed to jinja2 template.
    203     """
--> 204     d = self._render(sparse_index, sparse_columns, max_rows, max_cols, " ")
    205     d.update(kwargs)
    206     return self.template_html.render(
    207         **d,
    208         html_table_tpl=self.template_html_table,
    209         html_style_tpl=self.template_html_style,
    210     )

File ~/.envs/menv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/style_render.py:161, in StylerRenderer._render(self, sparse_index, sparse_columns, max_rows, max_cols, blank)
    147 def _render(
    148     self,
    149     sparse_index: bool,
   (...)
    153     blank: str = "",
    154 ):
    155     """
    156     Computes and applies styles and then generates the general render dicts.
    157 
    158     Also extends the `ctx` and `ctx_index` attributes with those of concatenated
    159     stylers for use within `_translate_latex`
    160     """
--> 161     self._compute()
    162     dxs = []
    163     ctx_len = len(self.index)

File ~/.envs/menv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/style_render.py:256, in StylerRenderer._compute(self)
    254 r = self
    255 for func, args, kwargs in self._todo:
--> 256     r = func(self)(*args, **kwargs)
    257 return r

File ~/.envs/menv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/style.py:1729, in Styler._apply(self, func, axis, subset, **kwargs)
   1727 axis = self.data._get_axis_number(axis)
   1728 if axis == 0:
-> 1729     result = data.apply(func, axis=0, **kwargs)
   1730 else:
   1731     result = data.T.apply(func, axis=0, **kwargs).T  # see GH 42005

File ~/.envs/menv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/core/frame.py:10037, in DataFrame.apply(self, func, axis, raw, result_type, args, by_row, **kwargs)
  10025 from pandas.core.apply import frame_apply
  10027 op = frame_apply(
  10028     self,
  10029     func=func,
   (...)
  10035     kwargs=kwargs,
  10036 )
> 10037 return op.apply().__finalize__(self, method="apply")

File ~/.envs/menv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/core/apply.py:837, in FrameApply.apply(self)
    834 elif self.raw:
    835     return self.apply_raw()
--> 837 return self.apply_standard()

File ~/.envs/menv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/core/apply.py:963, in FrameApply.apply_standard(self)
    962 def apply_standard(self):
--> 963     results, res_index = self.apply_series_generator()
    965     # wrap results
    966     return self.wrap_results(results, res_index)

File ~/.envs/menv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/core/apply.py:979, in FrameApply.apply_series_generator(self)
    976 with option_context("mode.chained_assignment", None):
    977     for i, v in enumerate(series_gen):
    978         # ignore SettingWithCopy here in case the user mutates
--> 979         results[i] = self.func(v, *self.args, **self.kwargs)
    980         if isinstance(results[i], ABCSeries):
    981             # If we have a view on v, we need to make a copy because
    982             #  series_generator will swap out the underlying data
    983             results[i] = results[i].copy(deep=False)

File ~/.envs/menv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/style.py:4085, in _bar(data, align, colors, cmap, width, height, vmin, vmax, base_css)
   4082         return ret
   4084 values = data.to_numpy()
-> 4085 left = np.nanmin(values) if vmin is None else vmin
   4086 right = np.nanmax(values) if vmax is None else vmax
   4087 z: float = 0  # adjustment to translate data

File <__array_function__ internals>:180, in nanmin(*args, **kwargs)

File ~/.envs/menv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/numpy/lib/nanfunctions.py:349, in nanmin(a, axis, out, keepdims, initial, where)
    345         warnings.warn("All-NaN slice encountered", RuntimeWarning,
    346                       stacklevel=3)
    347 else:
    348     # Slow, but safe for subclasses of ndarray
--> 349     a, mask = _replace_nan(a, +np.inf)
    350     res = np.amin(a, axis=axis, out=out, **kwargs)
    351     if mask is None:

File ~/.envs/menv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/numpy/lib/nanfunctions.py:100, in _replace_nan(a, val)
     96 a = np.asanyarray(a)
     98 if a.dtype == np.object_:
     99     # object arrays do not support `isnan` (gh-9009), so make a guess
--> 100     mask = np.not_equal(a, a, dtype=bool)
    101 elif issubclass(a.dtype.type, np.inexact):
    102     mask = np.isnan(a)

File missing.pyx:419, in pandas._libs.missing.NAType.__bool__()

TypeError: boolean value of NA is ambiguous

Expected Behavior

An embedded bar plot like we see if we comment out dtype_backend

Installed Versions

INSTALLED VERSIONS

commit : e86ed37
python : 3.10.13.final.0
python-bits : 64
OS : Darwin
OS-release : 21.6.0
Version : Darwin Kernel Version 21.6.0: Wed Aug 10 14:28:23 PDT 2022; root:xnu-8020.141.5~2/RELEASE_ARM64_T6000
machine : arm64
processor : arm
byteorder : little
LC_ALL : en_US.UTF-8
LANG : None
LOCALE : en_US.UTF-8

pandas : 2.1.1
numpy : 1.23.5
pytz : 2023.3
dateutil : 2.8.2
setuptools : 67.6.1
pip : 23.2.1
Cython : 3.0.4
pytest : 7.2.0
hypothesis : 6.81.2
sphinx : None
blosc : None
feather : None
xlsxwriter : 3.1.2
lxml.etree : 4.9.2
html5lib : 1.1
pymysql : None
psycopg2 : None
jinja2 : 3.1.2
IPython : 8.8.0
pandas_datareader : None
bs4 : 4.11.1
bottleneck : None
dataframe-api-compat: None
fastparquet : None
fsspec : 2023.3.0
gcsfs : None
matplotlib : 3.6.2
numba : 0.56.4
numexpr : 2.8.4
odfpy : None
openpyxl : 3.0.10
pandas_gbq : None
pyarrow : 13.0.0
pyreadstat : None
pyxlsb : None
s3fs : None
scipy : 1.10.0
sqlalchemy : 2.0.21
tables : None
tabulate : 0.9.0
xarray : None
xlrd : 2.0.1
zstandard : None
tzdata : 2023.3
qtpy : None
pyqt5 : None

[mroeschke]

I don't see this on main (2.1.3), but I don't think we have EA tests with Styler so could use a test

In [5]: scores
Out[5]: 
   name  age  test1  test2 teacher
0  Adam   15   95.0     80   Ashby
1   Bob   16   81.0     82   Ashby
2  Dave   16   89.0     84   Jones
3  Fred   15   <NA>     88   Jones

In [6]: (scores
   ...: .style.bar(subset='test1')
   ...: )
Out[6]: <pandas.io.formats.style.Styler at 0x1054f7fd0>