From 63999823379155ffa17af0ed5fbac25696010cb2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Matthew Roeschke <10647082+mroeschke@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Thu, 14 Dec 2023 13:06:54 -1000
Subject: [PATCH] BUG: time strings cast to ArrowDtype with pa.time64 type
 (#56490)

---
 doc/source/whatsnew/v2.2.0.rst       |  2 +-
 pandas/core/arrays/arrow/array.py    | 18 +++++++++++++++++-
 pandas/tests/extension/test_arrow.py | 10 ++++++++++
 3 files changed, 28 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/source/whatsnew/v2.2.0.rst b/doc/source/whatsnew/v2.2.0.rst
index 8209525721b98..eca238223b8f0 100644
--- a/doc/source/whatsnew/v2.2.0.rst
+++ b/doc/source/whatsnew/v2.2.0.rst
@@ -697,7 +697,7 @@ Other
 - Bug in rendering ``inf`` values inside a a :class:`DataFrame` with the ``use_inf_as_na`` option enabled (:issue:`55483`)
 - Bug in rendering a :class:`Series` with a :class:`MultiIndex` when one of the index level's names is 0 not having that name displayed (:issue:`55415`)
 - Bug in the error message when assigning an empty dataframe to a column (:issue:`55956`)
--
+- Bug when time-like strings were being cast to :class:`ArrowDtype` with ``pyarrow.time64`` type (:issue:`56463`)
 
 .. ***DO NOT USE THIS SECTION***
 
diff --git a/pandas/core/arrays/arrow/array.py b/pandas/core/arrays/arrow/array.py
index 9f0a039126d1d..f514559625701 100644
--- a/pandas/core/arrays/arrow/array.py
+++ b/pandas/core/arrays/arrow/array.py
@@ -493,7 +493,23 @@ def _box_pa_array(
             if pa.types.is_dictionary(pa_type):
                 pa_array = pa_array.dictionary_encode()
             else:
-                pa_array = pa_array.cast(pa_type)
+                try:
+                    pa_array = pa_array.cast(pa_type)
+                except (
+                    pa.ArrowInvalid,
+                    pa.ArrowTypeError,
+                    pa.ArrowNotImplementedError,
+                ):
+                    if pa.types.is_string(pa_array.type) or pa.types.is_large_string(
+                        pa_array.type
+                    ):
+                        # TODO: Move logic in _from_sequence_of_strings into
+                        # _box_pa_array
+                        return cls._from_sequence_of_strings(
+                            value, dtype=pa_type
+                        )._pa_array
+                    else:
+                        raise
 
         return pa_array
 
diff --git a/pandas/tests/extension/test_arrow.py b/pandas/tests/extension/test_arrow.py
index 47cd3a51f664b..18f8494db5ae4 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/extension/test_arrow.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/extension/test_arrow.py
@@ -3051,3 +3051,13 @@ def test_string_to_datetime_parsing_cast():
         ArrowExtensionArray(pa.array(pd.to_datetime(string_dates), from_pandas=True))
     )
     tm.assert_series_equal(result, expected)
+
+
+def test_string_to_time_parsing_cast():
+    # GH 56463
+    string_times = ["11:41:43.076160"]
+    result = pd.Series(string_times, dtype="time64[us][pyarrow]")
+    expected = pd.Series(
+        ArrowExtensionArray(pa.array([time(11, 41, 43, 76160)], from_pandas=True))
+    )
+    tm.assert_series_equal(result, expected)