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Blister

Blister is a simple-ish rootkit / kernel driver for Windows that turns user-land processes of the user's choice into Protected Processes. This can potentially make it more difficult for some security software and tools to terminate or modify these processes.

While PPLs can offer some resistance to standard termination attempts, they are not foolproof. Advanced security solutions might still be able to detect and potentially disable them. There are known techniques used to detect and remove rootkits, including PPL-based ones

Blister allows to configure a list of entries for all the processes you would like to be protected by the driver.

Setting up the environment

As the driver is not signed with a valid certifcate, you'll need to enable Test Signing mode on your VM; to do that execute the following commands from an elevated CMD session

bcdedit /debug on
bcdedit /set testsigning on

These changes can be reverted with

bcdedit /debug off
bcdedit /set testsigning off

In order to see the debug messages from the driver you will also need to open regedit, navigate to HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager and create a new Key called Debug Print Filter. Within that, add a new DWORD Value and give it the name DEFAULT and a value of 8.

Loading the driver

To load the driver you will need to create a kernel-type process from an elevated CMD session, create a new service with a binPath pointing to the blister.sys file (built either with Release or Debug builds) and a type of kernel. Once that's set up, you can start the service and the driver will be loaded.

sc create blister binPath= C:\path\to\the\driver\blister.sys type= kernel
sc start blister

An alternative would be to use a GUI-based program like OSR Loader to create and start the service.

If you open dbgview or any other utils that can catch kernel debugging messages, starting the blister service should print messages like these

[INFO] blister: blister has started
[INFO] blister: Mutex and list initialized propely
[~] blister: PsSetLoadImageNotifyRoutine successfully set ImageLoadNotifyCallback callback
[~] blister: PsSetCreateProcessNotifyRoutineEx successfully set PCreateProcessNotifyRoutineEx callback
[INFO] blister: Creating a PPL entry for the "notepad.exe" process
[INFO] blister: blister is exiting
[~] blister: The callback address FFFFF80172D51B90 is owned by \??\C:\Users\otter\Desktop\projects\blister\x64\Debug\blister.sys
[~] blister: The callback address FFFFF801709B35D0 is owned by \SystemRoot\SysmonDrv.sys
[INFO] blister: PCreateProcessNotifyExitingHandler successfully acquired a lock

If you see similar debug prints, it means that everything went well:

  1. The driver loaded successfully through its DriverEntry function
  2. It initialized the guarded mutex and the linked lists it needs to enumerate the active protected processes
  3. The ImageLoadNotifyCallback and PCreateProcessNotifyRoutineEx got registered successfully
  4. The hardcoded entry for the process to protect (notepad.exe) was successfully added to the list
  5. blister is now exiting its DriverEntry function

The rest of the messages are from the rootkit enumerating callbacks and figuring out what kernel module / driver owns said callbacks as we can see with Sysmon's SysmonDrv.sys.

If we start notepad and a process or driver tries to create / duplicate a handle to it we'll see the following

[INFO] blister: Comparing imageName entry notepad.exe to protected imageName entry notepad.exe
[INFO] blister: A process is trying to get a handle to the PP 7244 from a PID of ^5332, blocking the operation
[INFO] blister: A process is trying to get a handle to the PP 7244 from a PID of ^532, blocking the operation
[INFO] blister: A process is trying to get a handle to the PP 7244 from a PID of ^7092, blocking the operation
[INFO] blister: A process is trying to get a handle to the PP 7244 from a PID of ^696, blocking the operation
[INFO] blister: A process is trying to get a handle to the PP 7244 from a PID of ^696, blocking the operation

These messages are pretty straight-forward: the operation was blocked and the process won't be able to terminate our protected process.

The following is a screenshot from Process Hacker ran as administrator whenver I try to stop the notepad.exe process with the driver loaded image

Caution

The debug messages will be printed only if the driver is compiled in Debug mode as I've used DbgPrint to print the messages as I felt it would be useless to print them in Release mode. If you want to change this, edit the macros.h file to use KdPrint instead of DbgPrint.

As of now, the code only blocks handle creation and duplication, but it would also be possible to block processes from closing the program itself.

I am all, but what am I?

Another number that isn't equal to any of you

I control, but I comply

Pick me apart then pick up the pieces, I'm uneven

The Blister Exists