Upgrade typing-extensions to 4.12.2 (#17439)

Closes #17438

Summary of the issue:
Updates typing-extensions form 4.9 to 4.12.2.

Description of user facing changes
None

Description of development approach
Allows developers to use TypeVar more efficiently, along with preparing to migrate to newer Python releases such as 3.13 as the dependency supports it.

requirements.txt

@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@ schedule==1.2.1
 #NVDA_DMP requires diff-match-patch
 fast-diff-match-patch==2.1.0
 
-# typing_extensions are required for specifying default value for `TypeVar`, which is not yet possible with any released version of Python (see PEP 696)
-typing-extensions==4.9.0
+# typing_extensions are required for specifying default value for `TypeVar` prior to Python 3.13 (see PEP 696)
+typing-extensions==4.12.2
 
 # pycaw is a Core Audio Windows Library used for sound split
 pycaw==20240210

user_docs/en/changes.md

@@ -87,6 +87,7 @@ Add-ons will need to be re-tested and have their manifest updated.
   * Updated Robot Framework to 7.1.1. (#17329, @josephsl)
   * Updated configobj to 5.1.0 commit `8be5462`. (#17328)
   * Updated pre-commit to 4.0.1. (#17260)
+  * Updated typing-extensions to 4.12.2. (#17438, @josephsl)
   * Updated licensecheck to 2024.3. (#17440, @josephsl)
 * `ui.browseableMessage` may now be called with options to present a button for copying to clipboard, and/or a button for closing the window. (#17018, @XLTechie)
 * Several additions to identify link types (#16994, @LeonarddeR, @nvdaes)