Standardize endpoint exception raising

[SteveMicroNova]

In our in-house inventory manager, I raise all errors with a custom error object. Here's what that looks like:

except Exception as e:
    raise HTTPException(
        status_code=422,
        detail = {
            "message":  note, // Here's  what is shown to the user or printed in the frontend console
            "error": e  // This is what's consumed by the fetch request to identify the specific error
    })

This specialized exception detail is consumable by things such as the components in the StatusBars folder no problem to preserve the error, but also share a user-understandable reason why something went wrong and sometimes even directions for how to fix it.
We can't do everything the same way in AmpliPi, our users don't sit 15 feet behind me to tell me when something goes wrong, but there is something to be gained by this in support of #326

[linknum23]

The place to start looking at this is

AmpliPi/amplipi/app.py

Line 296 in 7cc2f2a

def code_response(ctrl: Api, resp: Union[ApiResponse, models.BaseModel]):

. I'm sure there are a couple of more places, but almost all of the requests are funneled through there.