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手撕javascript 实现方式 #32

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lizheng0515 opened this issue Jun 22, 2021 · 0 comments
Open

手撕javascript 实现方式 #32

lizheng0515 opened this issue Jun 22, 2021 · 0 comments
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JavaScript This doesn't seem right

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@lizheng0515
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lizheng0515 commented Jun 22, 2021

一大波JS工具函数

JS开发工具函数

  • 主工具函数
  • 日期工具date工具函数
  • 正则校验check工具函数
  • 浏览器操作相关browser工具函数
  • 浏览器存储相关storage工具函数

渲染几万条数据不卡住页面

渲染大数据时,合理使用createDocumentFragmentrequestAnimationFrame,将操作切分为一小段一小段执行。

setTimeout(() => {
  // 插入十万条数据
  const total = 100000;
  // 一次插入的数据
  const once = 20;
  // 插入数据需要的次数
  const loopCount = Math.ceil(total / once);
  let countOfRender = 0;
  const ul = document.querySelector('ul');
  // 添加数据的方法
  function add() {
    const fragment = document.createDocumentFragment();
    for(let i = 0; i < once; i++) {
      const li = document.createElement('li');
      li.innerText = Math.floor(Math.random() * total);
      fragment.appendChild(li);
    }
    ul.appendChild(fragment);
    countOfRender += 1;
    loop();
  }
  function loop() {
    if(countOfRender < loopCount) {
      window.requestAnimationFrame(add);
    }
  }
  loop();
}, 0)

使用 JS 实现一个发布订阅模式

// 实现一个 Event,示例如下:
const e = new Event()

e.on('click', x => console.log(x.id))

//=> 3
e.emit('click', { id: 3 })

//=> 4
e.emit('click', { id: 4 })

一个简单的订阅发布模式实现如下,主要有两个核心 API

  • emit: 发布一个事件
  • on: 监听一个事件
class Event {
  events = {}
 
  emit (type, ...args) {
    const listeners = this.events[type]
    for (const listener of listeners) {
      listener(...args)
    }
  }

  on (type, listener) {
    this.events[type] = this.events[type] || []
    this.events[type].push(listener)
  }
}

滚动加载

原理就是监听页面滚动事件,分析clientHeightscrollTopscrollHeight三者的属性关系。

window.addEventListener('scroll', function() {
  const clientHeight = document.documentElement.clientHeight;
  const scrollTop = document.documentElement.scrollTop;
  const scrollHeight = document.documentElement.scrollHeight;
  if (clientHeight + scrollTop >= scrollHeight) {
    // 检测到滚动至页面底部,进行后续操作
    // ...
  }
}, false);

图片懒加载

可以给img标签统一自定义属性src='default.png',当检测到图片出现在窗口之后再补充src属性,此时才会进行图片资源加载。

function lazyload() {
  const imgs = document.getElementsByTagName('img');
  const len = imgs.length;
  // 视口的高度
  const viewHeight = document.documentElement.clientHeight;
  // 滚动条高度
  const scrollHeight = document.documentElement.scrollTop || document.body.scrollTop;
  for (let i = 0; i < len; i++) {
    const offsetHeight = imgs[i].offsetTop;
    if (offsetHeight < viewHeight + scrollHeight) {
      const src = imgs[i].dataset.src;
      imgs[i].src = src;
    }
  }
}

// 可以使用节流优化一下
window.addEventListener('scroll', lazyload);

实现AJAX

使用原生XMLHttpRequest 对象

const getJSON = function(url) {
  return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
    const xhr = XMLHttpRequest ? new XMLHttpRequest() : new ActiveXObject('Mscrosoft.XMLHttp');
    xhr.open('GET', url, false);
    xhr.setRequestHeader('Accept', 'application/json');
    xhr.onreadystatechange = function() {
      if (xhr.readyState !== 4) return;
      if (xhr.status === 200 || xhr.status === 304) {
        resolve(xhr.responseText);
      } else {
        reject(new Error(xhr.responseText));
      }
    }
    xhr.send();
  })
}

实现一个简陋但是功能较为完备的Promise

- pending 过渡态
- fulfilled 完成态
- rejected 失败态

class Promise{
  constructor(excutorCallBack){
    this.status = 'pending';
    this.value = undefined;
    this.fulfillAry = [];
    this.rejectedAry = [];
    //=>执行Excutor
    let resolveFn = result => {
      if(this.status !== 'pending') return;
      let timer = setTimeout(() => {
        this.status = 'fulfilled';
        this.value = result;
        this.fulfillAry.forEach(item => item(this.value));
      }, 0);
    };
    let rejectFn = reason => {
      if(this.status !== 'pending')return;
      let timer = setTimeout(() => {
        this.status = 'rejected';
        this.value = reason;
        this.rejectedAry.forEach(item => item(this.value))
      })
    };
    try{
      excutorCallBack(resolveFn, rejectFn);
    } catch(err) {
      //=>有异常信息按照rejected状态处理
      rejectFn(err);
    }
  }
  then(fulfilledCallBack, rejectedCallBack) {
    typeof fulfilledCallBack !== 'function' ? fulfilledCallBack = result => result:null;
    typeof rejectedCallBack !== 'function' ? rejectedCallBack = reason => {
      throw new Error(reason instanceof Error? reason.message:reason);
    } : null

    return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
      this.fulfillAry.push(() => {
        try {
          let x = fulfilledCallBack(this.value);
          x instanceof Promise ? x.then(resolve, reject ):resolve(x);
        }catch(err){
          reject(err)
        }
      });
      this.rejectedAry.push(() => {
        try {
          let x = this.rejectedCallBack(this.value);
          x instanceof Promise ? x.then(resolve, reject):resolve(x);
        }catch(err){
          reject(err)
        }
      })
    }) ;
  }
  catch(rejectedCallBack) {
    return this.then(null, rejectedCallBack);
  }
  static all(promiseAry = []) {
    let index = 0, 
        result = [];
    return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
      for(let i = 0; i < promiseAry.length; i++){
        promiseAry[i].then(val => {
          index++;
          result[i] = val;
          if( index === promiseAry.length){
            resolve(result)
          }
        }, reject);
      }
    })
  }
}

module.exports = Promise;

Promise并行限制

实现有并行限制的Promise调度器问题。

class Scheduler {
  constructor() {
    this.queue = [];
    this.maxCount = 2;
    this.runCounts = 0;
  }
  add(promiseCreator) {
    this.queue.push(promiseCreator);
  }
  taskStart() {
    for (let i = 0; i < this.maxCount; i++) {
      this.request();
    }
  }
  request() {
    if (!this.queue || !this.queue.length || this.runCounts >= this.maxCount) {
      return;
    }
    this.runCounts++;

    this.queue.shift()().then(() => {
      this.runCounts--;
      this.request();
    });
  }
}

const timeout = time => new Promise(resolve => {
  setTimeout(resolve, time);
})

const scheduler = new Scheduler();

const addTask = (time,order) => {
  scheduler.add(() => timeout(time).then(()=>console.log(order)))
}


addTask(1000, '1');
addTask(500, '2');
addTask(300, '3');
addTask(400, '4');
scheduler.taskStart()
// 2
// 3
// 1
// 4

JS实现队列

先进先出

/**
 * [Queue]
 * @param {[Int]} size [队列大小]
 */
function Queue(size) {
    var list = [];

    //向队列中添加数据
    this.push = function(data) {
        if (data==null) {
            return false;
        }
        //如果传递了size参数就设置了队列的大小
        if (size != null && !isNaN(size)) {
            if (list.length == size) {
                this.pop();
            }
        }
        list.unshift(data);
        return true;
    }

    //从队列中取出数据
    this.pop = function() {
        return list.pop();
    }

    //返回队列的大小
    this.size = function() {
        return list.length;
    }

    //返回队列的内容
    this.quere = function() {
        return list;
    }
}

//初始化没有参数的队列
var queue = new Queue();
for (var i = 1; i <= 5; i++) {
    queue.push(i);
}

console.log(queue.quere());
console.log(queue.pop());   //从队列中取出一个
console.log(queue.quere());


var queue = new Queue(3);

for (var i = 1; i <= 5; i++) {
    queue.push(i);
}
console.log(queue.quere());
console.log(queue.pop());
console.log(queue.quere());

函数柯里化

指的是将一个接受多个参数的函数 变为 接受一个参数返回一个函数的固定形式,这样便于再次调用,例如f(1)(2)

经典面试题:实现add(1)(2)(3)(4)=10; 、 add(1)(1,2,3)(2)=9;

function add() {
  const _args = [...arguments];
  function fn() {
    _args.push(...arguments);
    return fn;
  }
  fn.toString = function() {
    return _args.reduce((sum, cur) => sum + cur);
  }
  return fn;
}

throttle(节流)

当持续触发事件时,保证一定时间段内只调用一次事件处理函数

const throttle = (fn, time) => {
  let flag = true;
  return function() {
    if (!flag) return;
    flag = false;
    setTimeout(() => {
      fn.apply(this, arguments);
      flag = true;
    }, time);
  }
}

debounce(防抖)

当持续触发事件时,一定时间段内没有再触发事件,事件处理函数才会执行一次,如果设定的时间到来之前,又一次触发了事件,就重新开始延时。(场景:模糊搜索请求)

const debounce = (fn, time) => {
  let timeout = null;
  return function() {
    clearTimeout(timeout)
    timeout = setTimeout(() => {
      fn.apply(this, arguments);
    }, time);
  }
};

如何复制内容到剪贴板?

使用 clipboard-copy 这个库,复制内容到剪贴板

const copy = require('clipboard-copy')

copy('hello, world')

加法函数(精度丢失问题)

/**
 * @param { number } arg1
 * @param { number } arg2
 */
export function add(arg1, arg2) {
    let r1, r2, m;
    try { r1 = arg1.toString().split(".")[1].length } catch (e) { r1 = 0 }
    try { r2 = arg2.toString().split(".")[1].length } catch (e) { r2 = 0 }
    m = Math.pow(10, Math.max(r1, r2));
    return (arg1 * m + arg2 * m) / m
}

实现一个New()

function _new(constructor, ...arg) {
  var obj = {}; // 创建一个空对象
  obj.__proto__ = constructor.prototype; // 空对象的`__proto__`指向构造函数的`prototype`, 为这个新对象添加属性 
  var res = constructor.apply(obj, arg); // 构造函数的作用域赋给新对象
  return Object.prototype.toString.call(res) === '[object Object]' ? res : obj; // 返回新对象.如果没有显式return语句,则返回this
}

const Fun = function(name) {
  this.name = name;
};

console.log(_new(Fun, '小明'));  // Fun {name: "小明"}

数据扁平化

/**

  • @param tree []
  • @returns {[]}
    */
    export function flatten(value) {
    const result = [];
    value.forEach(v => {
    result.push(v);
    if (v.children) {
    result.push(...flatten(v.children));
    }
    });
    return result;
    }

Javascript中instanceof方法原生实现

简单用法

function Fn () {}
const fn = new Fn()
fn instanceof Fn  // true

实现如下:

// left instanceof right
function _instanceof(left, right) {
  // 构造函数原型
  const prototype = right.prototype
  // 实列对象属性,指向其构造函数原型
  left = left.__proto__
  // 查实原型链
  while (true) {
    // 如果为null,说明原型链已经查找到最顶层了,真接返回false
    if (left === null) {
      return false
    }
    // 查找到原型
    if (prototype === left){
      return true
    }
    // 继续向上查找
    left = left.__proto__
  }
}

const str = "abc"
_instanceof(str, String) // true
@lizheng0515 lizheng0515 added the JavaScript This doesn't seem right label Jun 22, 2021
@lizheng0515 lizheng0515 changed the title 手撕javascript 手撕javascript 实现方式 Jun 22, 2021
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