Allow users to launch JupyterHub or a BinderHub session with book content and the current page active

[choldgraf]

Jupyter Book allows you to generate a 'launch' button that brings you into an interactive session provided by Binder or JupyterHub. For any pages that are backed by a notebook (.ipynb or a MyST notebook), the button points to the cloud service providing computation, and will load the environment + the content of the current page as an interactive notebook.

This is not the same thing as launching a Thebe session, it involves directing the user to a full Jupyter interface that is run via Binder or JupyterHub.

User story

As a reader, I want to be able to click a button on a MyST page that launches a Jupyter session and redirects the user to it, and opens the current page of content with a live kernel.

References

• I think this is also an important feature for JB parity, so I've linked it in : Minimum Viable Product of Jupyter Book functionality with MyST #1106

• Related to this Colab request too (though IMO we should prioritize Jupyter services first): Launch in Google Colab button #1174

• Here's an example of it in action for the UC Berkeley DataHub:

  

• Docs in JupyterBook: https://jupyterbook.org/en/stable/interactive/launchbuttons.html

• An extension of this would be allowing readers to specify their own source of compute (JupyterHub, Binder, local): Allow readers to specify their own source of computation for launch buttons (JupyterHub, BinderHub, local, etc) #1644

• This would be much nicer if we could navigate a table of contents for the book from within JupyterLab or VSCode: Allow users to navigate between book pages from a sidebar using the book's Table of Contents jupyterlab-myst#254