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如何創建光盤映像

How to create disc image

DVD

Using terminal command

# start to burn

# to check your dvd drive path
diskutil list # eg dev/disk2

# unmount the disk so that it will not be used by any app
diskutil unmountdisk /dev/disk2
dd if=/dev/disk2 of=XXXXXXXX.iso bs=2048

# after finish
diskutil eject /dev/disk2

Audio CD

Using terminal command

To obtain bin and cue files like Windows famous tools imgburn does, can use the following method (So far, cannot find other GUI tools to achieve the same thing)

  1. install CDRDAO CDRKIT
  2. use drutil to get drive info for parameter dev=1,0,0 in cdrecord
  3. use cdrecord to create audio bin file
  4. use cdrdao scanbus to get the device hardware information
  5. use cdrdao to output toc from disc image
  6. use toc2cue to convert toc to cue (toc2cue included in cdrkit)

install CDRDAO CDRKIT

# install cdrdao to get device(cd drive) bus information
brew install cdrdao cdrkit

use drutil to get drive info for parameter dev=1,0,0 in cdrecord

drutil status

use cdrecord to create audio bin file (dump the disc to file)

sudo cdrecord dev=1,0,0 -dao -v -isosize /volumes/ram/XXXXXXX.bin

use cdrdao scanbus to get the device hardware information

cdrdao scanbus

use cdrdao to output toc from disc image

cdrdao read-cd --device "IOService:..." --datafile /Volumes/Ram/XXXXXXX.bin /Volumes/Ram/XXXXXXX.toc

use toc2cue to convert toc to cue

toc2cue /Volumes/Ram/VIRIYACDa.toc /Volumes/Ram/VIRIYACDa.cue

支持從光碟創建映像文件的軟件：

Software that can create image from disc supporting DVD

Burn

關於截圖

MacOS 預設截圖是 png 格式，好處是畫面質量高，但比較佔用空間。如果想改成 jpeg 格式，可以在終端機 (Terminal) 下輸入：

defaults write com.apple.screencapture type jpg

如果想改回來，只要把 jpg 改成 png 就可以了。

與系統設定相關的用法

System Settings Related

如何在二進制和XML文本格式之間轉換macOS plist設置文件

How to convert macOS plist settings file between binary and xml text format

# convert to plain xml format
plutil -convert xml1 XXXXXX.plist

# convert to binary format
plutil -convert binary1 XXXXXX.plist

# get the menu of plutil
man plutil

File Operations

檔案處理

# Display file type.
file -I ~/Desktop/something

# Network
#### 如果連接埠被使了，想知道甚麼在使用的方法
#### How to check what process is using an exsiting port
```bash
sudo lsof -i -P | grep LISTEN | grep :5000

# example@Sonoma 14.6.1
ControlCe  658       someone   10u  IPv4 0xXXXXXXXXde34f2b      0t0    TCP \***:5000** (**LISTEN**)
ControlCe  658       someone   11u  IPv6 0xXXXXXXXX522241c      0t0    TCP \***:5000** (**LISTEN**)

Conda

建立虛擬 Python 環境的方法

Add a virtual python environemnt

# 使用時，請更改所需的環境名稱和 python 版本
conda create -n ENVIRONMENT_NAME python=3.8.5

移除虛擬環境的方法

Remove an environment

conda remove --name ENV_NAME --all

將當前 Python 環境的情式包寫入 requirements.txt 的方法

How to create the requirements.txt from the current python environment

pip freeze > requirements.txt

Homebrew

Homebrew related

Homebrew 相關

Excerpt from reference List of all packages installed using Homebrew - Ask Different

List all installed brew

# list installed brew and cask
brew list 
brew list --cask

brew leaves shows you all top-level packages; packages that are not dependencies. This should be the most interesting if you are using the list to re-install packages.

To include formula descriptions, use

brew leaves | xargs brew desc --eval-all

To include cask descriptions, use

brew ls --casks | xargs brew desc --eval-all

Reference: Homebrew cask official usage docs