diff --git a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/other.md b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/other.md
index a59e50ad6a..6d0d667285 100644
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/other.md
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/other.md
@@ -24,6 +24,8 @@ Please take extra precaution not to attach any secret environment variables (lik
 Please check followings before submitting a new issue.
 
 - [ ] I have already confirmed other issue template and they are not different my want
+- [ ] Not a question, feature-request, bug
+    - Please submit to [discussion](https://github.com/hexojs/hexo/discussions) if your issue is a question.
 
 ## Information
 
diff --git a/.github/workflows/commenter.yml b/.github/workflows/commenter.yml
index 480f01b595..f449809a30 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/commenter.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/commenter.yml
@@ -2,8 +2,13 @@ name: Commenter
 
 on: [pull_request_target]
 
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
 jobs:
   commenter:
+    permissions:
+      pull-requests: write  # for marocchino/sticky-pull-request-comment to create or update PR comment
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - name: Comment PR
diff --git a/.github/workflows/linter.yml b/.github/workflows/linter.yml
index 6273035b57..d3d9678043 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/linter.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/linter.yml
@@ -2,6 +2,9 @@ name: Linter
 
 on: [push, pull_request]
 
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
 jobs:
   linter:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
diff --git a/.github/workflows/release-drafter.yml b/.github/workflows/release-drafter.yml
index 17fdb961dd..d1955effff 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/release-drafter.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/release-drafter.yml
@@ -5,8 +5,14 @@ on:
     branches:
       - master
 
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
 jobs:
   update_release_draft:
+    permissions:
+      contents: write  # for release-drafter/release-drafter to create a github release
+      pull-requests: write  # for release-drafter/release-drafter to add label to PR
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - uses: release-drafter/release-drafter@v5
diff --git a/.github/workflows/tester.yml b/.github/workflows/tester.yml
index 64f7130856..e94651c609 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/tester.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/tester.yml
@@ -2,6 +2,9 @@ name: Tester
 
 on: [push, pull_request]
 
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
 jobs:
   tester:
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
@@ -23,6 +26,9 @@ jobs:
         env:
           CI: true
   coverage:
+    permissions:
+      checks: write  # for coverallsapp/github-action to create new checks
+      contents: read  # for actions/checkout to fetch code
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
     strategy:
       matrix:
diff --git a/lib/extend/tag.js b/lib/extend/tag.js
index 4334240278..f633781513 100644
--- a/lib/extend/tag.js
+++ b/lib/extend/tag.js
@@ -160,13 +160,15 @@ const getContext = (lines, errLine, location, type) => {
  * @return {Error}    New error object with embedded context
  */
 const formatNunjucksError = (err, input, source = '') => {
+  err.message = err.message.replace('(unknown path)', source ? magenta(source) : '');
+
   const match = err.message.match(/Line (\d+), Column \d+/);
   if (!match) return err;
   const errLine = parseInt(match[1], 10);
   if (isNaN(errLine)) return err;
 
   // trim useless info from Nunjucks Error
-  const splited = err.message.replace('(unknown path)', source ? magenta(source) : '').split('\n');
+  const splited = err.message.split('\n');
 
   const e = new Error();
   e.name = 'Nunjucks Error';
@@ -243,7 +245,9 @@ class Tag {
         options,
         cb
       );
-    }).catch(err => Promise.reject(formatNunjucksError(err, str, source)))
+    }).catch(err => {
+      return Promise.reject(formatNunjucksError(err, str, source));
+    })
       .asCallback(callback);
   }
 }
diff --git a/lib/hexo/index.js b/lib/hexo/index.js
index 332080396f..30a1f78956 100644
--- a/lib/hexo/index.js
+++ b/lib/hexo/index.js
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ class Hexo extends EventEmitter {
     const dbPath = args.output || base;
 
     if (/^(init|new|g|publish|s|deploy|render|migrate)/.test(this.env.cmd)) {
-      this.log.d(`Writing database to ${dbPath}/db.json`);
+      this.log.d(`Writing database to ${join(dbPath, 'db.json')}`);
     }
 
     this.database = new Database({
diff --git a/lib/plugins/helper/index.js b/lib/plugins/helper/index.js
index c7dc22b531..fc86aa6074 100644
--- a/lib/plugins/helper/index.js
+++ b/lib/plugins/helper/index.js
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ module.exports = ctx => {
   const is = require('./is');
   helper.register('is_current', is.current);
   helper.register('is_home', is.home);
+  helper.register('is_home_first_page', is.home_first_page);
   helper.register('is_post', is.post);
   helper.register('is_page', is.page);
   helper.register('is_archive', is.archive);
diff --git a/lib/plugins/helper/is.js b/lib/plugins/helper/is.js
index 2724428aef..9f74f3b6d6 100644
--- a/lib/plugins/helper/is.js
+++ b/lib/plugins/helper/is.js
@@ -23,6 +23,10 @@ function isHomeHelper() {
   return Boolean(this.page.__index);
 }
 
+function isHomeFirstPageHelper() {
+  return Boolean(this.page.__index) && this.page.current === 1;
+}
+
 function isPostHelper() {
   return Boolean(this.page.__post);
 }
@@ -79,6 +83,7 @@ function isTagHelper(tag) {
 
 exports.current = isCurrentHelper;
 exports.home = isHomeHelper;
+exports.home_first_page = isHomeFirstPageHelper;
 exports.post = isPostHelper;
 exports.page = isPageHelper;
 exports.archive = isArchiveHelper;
diff --git a/lib/plugins/helper/mail_to.js b/lib/plugins/helper/mail_to.js
index 8eb51a8944..9752f0055d 100644
--- a/lib/plugins/helper/mail_to.js
+++ b/lib/plugins/helper/mail_to.js
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 'use strict';
 
 const { htmlTag } = require('hexo-util');
-const qs = require('querystring');
 const { default: moize } = require('moize');
 
 function mailToHelper(path, text, options = {}) {
@@ -28,7 +27,7 @@ function mailToHelper(path, text, options = {}) {
     }
   });
 
-  const querystring = qs.stringify(data);
+  const querystring = new URLSearchParams(data).toString();
   if (querystring) attrs.href += `?${querystring}`;
 
   return htmlTag('a', attrs, text);
diff --git a/lib/plugins/helper/open_graph.js b/lib/plugins/helper/open_graph.js
index 9506bb00e3..35d8beb12e 100644
--- a/lib/plugins/helper/open_graph.js
+++ b/lib/plugins/helper/open_graph.js
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 'use strict';
 
-const { parse, resolve } = require('url');
 const { isMoment, isDate } = require('moment');
 const { encodeURL, prettyUrls, htmlTag, stripHTML, escapeHTML } = require('hexo-util');
 const { default: moize } = require('moize');
@@ -56,7 +55,6 @@ const og = (name, content, escape) => {
 };
 
 function openGraphHelper(options = {}) {
-
   const { config, page } = this;
   const { content } = page;
   let images = options.image || options.images || page.photos || [];
@@ -117,15 +115,7 @@ function openGraphHelper(options = {}) {
     result += og('og:locale', localeToTerritory(language), false);
   }
 
-  images = images.map(path => {
-    if (!parse(path).host) {
-      // resolve `path`'s absolute path relative to current page's url
-      // `path` can be both absolute (starts with `/`) or relative.
-      return resolve(url || config.url, path);
-    }
-
-    return path;
-  });
+  images = images.map(path => new URL(path, url || config.url).toString());
 
   images.forEach(path => {
     result += og('og:image', path, false);
@@ -161,9 +151,7 @@ function openGraphHelper(options = {}) {
 
   if (options.twitter_image) {
     let twitter_image = options.twitter_image;
-    if (!parse(twitter_image).host) {
-      twitter_image = resolve(url || config.url, twitter_image);
-    }
+    twitter_image = new URL(twitter_image, url || config.url);
     result += meta('twitter:image', twitter_image, false);
   } else if (images.length) {
     result += meta('twitter:image', images[0], false);
diff --git a/lib/plugins/helper/paginator.js b/lib/plugins/helper/paginator.js
index 7dbff7d8c8..662c61022c 100644
--- a/lib/plugins/helper/paginator.js
+++ b/lib/plugins/helper/paginator.js
@@ -10,13 +10,19 @@ const createLink = (options, ctx) => {
 
 const createPageTag = (options, ctx) => {
   const link = createLink(options, ctx);
-  const { current, escape, transform } = options;
+  const {
+    current,
+    escape,
+    transform,
+    page_class: pageClass,
+    current_class: currentClass
+  } = options;
 
   return i => {
     if (i === current) {
-      return htmlTag('span', { class: 'page-number current' }, transform ? transform(i) : i, escape);
+      return htmlTag('span', { class: pageClass + ' ' + currentClass }, transform ? transform(i) : i, escape);
     }
-    return htmlTag('a', { class: 'page-number', href: link(i) }, transform ? transform(i) : i, escape);
+    return htmlTag('a', { class: pageClass, href: link(i) }, transform ? transform(i) : i, escape);
   };
 };
 
@@ -36,14 +42,15 @@ const pagenasionPartShow = (tags, options, ctx) => {
     total,
     space,
     end_size: endSize,
-    mid_size: midSize
+    mid_size: midSize,
+    space_class: spaceClass
   } = options;
 
   const leftEnd = Math.min(endSize, current - 1);
   const rightEnd = Math.max(total - endSize + 1, current + 1);
   const leftMid = Math.max(leftEnd + 1, current - midSize);
   const rightMid = Math.min(rightEnd - 1, current + midSize);
-  const spaceHtml = htmlTag('span', { class: 'space' }, space, false);
+  const spaceHtml = htmlTag('span', { class: spaceClass }, space, false);
 
   const pageTag = createPageTag(options, ctx);
 
@@ -93,7 +100,13 @@ function paginatorHelper(options = {}) {
     next_text: 'Next',
     prev_text: 'Prev',
     prev_next: true,
-    escape: true
+    escape: true,
+    page_class: 'page-number',
+    current_class: 'current',
+    space_class: 'space',
+    prev_class: 'extend prev',
+    next_class: 'extend next',
+    force_prev_next: false
   }, options);
 
   const {
@@ -102,7 +115,10 @@ function paginatorHelper(options = {}) {
     prev_text: prevText,
     next_text: nextText,
     prev_next: prevNext,
-    escape
+    escape,
+    prev_class: prevClass,
+    next_class: nextClass,
+    force_prev_next: forcePrevNext
   } = options;
 
   if (!current) return '';
@@ -113,7 +129,9 @@ function paginatorHelper(options = {}) {
 
   // Display the link to the previous page
   if (prevNext && current > 1) {
-    tags.push(htmlTag('a', { class: 'extend prev', rel: 'prev', href: link(current - 1)}, prevText, escape));
+    tags.push(htmlTag('a', { class: prevClass, rel: 'prev', href: link(current - 1)}, prevText, escape));
+  } else if (forcePrevNext) {
+    tags.push(htmlTag('span', { class: prevClass, rel: 'prev' }, prevText, escape));
   }
 
   if (options.show_all) {
@@ -124,7 +142,9 @@ function paginatorHelper(options = {}) {
 
   // Display the link to the next page
   if (prevNext && current < total) {
-    tags.push(htmlTag('a', { class: 'extend next', rel: 'next', href: link(current + 1) }, nextText, escape));
+    tags.push(htmlTag('a', { class: nextClass, rel: 'next', href: link(current + 1) }, nextText, escape));
+  } else if (forcePrevNext) {
+    tags.push(htmlTag('span', { class: nextClass, rel: 'next' }, nextText, escape));
   }
 
   return tags.join('');
diff --git a/lib/plugins/helper/toc.js b/lib/plugins/helper/toc.js
index e6e4fa8c7b..e055ffd6f2 100644
--- a/lib/plugins/helper/toc.js
+++ b/lib/plugins/helper/toc.js
@@ -7,6 +7,12 @@ function tocHelper(str, options = {}) {
     min_depth: 1,
     max_depth: 6,
     class: 'toc',
+    class_item: '',
+    class_link: '',
+    class_text: '',
+    class_child: '',
+    class_number: '',
+    class_level: '',
     list_number: true
   }, options);
 
@@ -15,6 +21,12 @@ function tocHelper(str, options = {}) {
   if (!data.length) return '';
 
   const className = escapeHTML(options.class);
+  const itemClassName = escapeHTML(options.class_item || options.class + '-item');
+  const linkClassName = escapeHTML(options.class_link || options.class + '-link');
+  const textClassName = escapeHTML(options.class_text || options.class + '-text');
+  const childClassName = escapeHTML(options.class_child || options.class + '-child');
+  const numberClassName = escapeHTML(options.class_number || options.class + '-number');
+  const levelClassName = escapeHTML(options.class_level || options.class + '-level');
   const listNumber = options.list_number;
 
   let result = `<ol class="${className}">`;
@@ -42,7 +54,7 @@ function tocHelper(str, options = {}) {
       }
 
       if (level > lastLevel) {
-        result += `<ol class="${className}-child">`;
+        result += `<ol class="${childClassName}">`;
       } else {
         result += '</li>';
       }
@@ -50,15 +62,15 @@ function tocHelper(str, options = {}) {
       firstLevel = level;
     }
 
-    result += `<li class="${className}-item ${className}-level-${level}">`;
+    result += `<li class="${itemClassName} ${levelClassName}-${level}">`;
     if (href) {
-      result += `<a class="${className}-link" href="${href}">`;
+      result += `<a class="${linkClassName}" href="${href}">`;
     } else {
-      result += `<a class="${className}-link">`;
+      result += `<a class="${linkClassName}">`;
     }
 
     if (listNumber && !el.unnumbered) {
-      result += `<span class="${className}-number">`;
+      result += `<span class="${numberClassName}">`;
 
       for (let i = firstLevel - 1; i < level; i++) {
         result += `${lastNumber[i]}.`;
@@ -67,7 +79,7 @@ function tocHelper(str, options = {}) {
       result += '</span> ';
     }
 
-    result += `<span class="${className}-text">${text}</span></a>`;
+    result += `<span class="${textClassName}">${text}</span></a>`;
 
     lastLevel = level;
   }
diff --git a/lib/plugins/tag/include_code.js b/lib/plugins/tag/include_code.js
index 59e4436a16..a7cd9f6c3a 100644
--- a/lib/plugins/tag/include_code.js
+++ b/lib/plugins/tag/include_code.js
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 'use strict';
 
 const { exists, readFile } = require('hexo-fs');
-const { basename, extname, join } = require('path');
+const { basename, extname, join, posix } = require('path');
 
 // Lazy require highlight.js & prismjs
 let highlight, prismHighlight;
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ module.exports = ctx => function includeCodeTag(args) {
 
   // If the title is not defined, use file name instead
   const title = match[1] || basename(path);
-  const caption = `<span>${title}</span><a href="${ctx.config.root}${codeDir}${path}">view raw</a>`;
+  const caption = `<span>${title}</span><a href="${posix.join(ctx.config.root, codeDir, path)}">view raw</a>`;
 
   const hljsCfg = ctx.config.highlight || {};
   const prismjsCfg = ctx.config.prismjs || {};
diff --git a/lib/plugins/tag/post_link.js b/lib/plugins/tag/post_link.js
index f27cec0c4e..d70ada3726 100644
--- a/lib/plugins/tag/post_link.js
+++ b/lib/plugins/tag/post_link.js
@@ -12,9 +12,10 @@ const { postFindOneFactory } = require('./');
  */
 module.exports = ctx => {
   return function postLinkTag(args) {
-    const error = `<a href="#">Post not found: ${args.join(' ') || 'Invalid post_link'}</a>`;
     const slug = args.shift();
-    if (!slug) return error;
+    if (!slug) {
+      throw new Error(`Post not found: "${slug}" doesn't exist for {% post_link %}`);
+    }
 
     let escape = args[args.length - 1];
     if (escape === 'true' || escape === 'false') {
@@ -24,7 +25,9 @@ module.exports = ctx => {
     }
 
     const post = postFindOneFactory(ctx)({ slug });
-    if (!post) return error;
+    if (!post) {
+      throw new Error(`Post not found: post_link ${slug}.`);
+    }
 
     let title = args.length ? args.join(' ') : post.title;
     const attrTitle = escapeHTML(title);
diff --git a/package.json b/package.json
index c0eca988fe..095b66a153 100644
--- a/package.json
+++ b/package.json
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
   "scripts": {
     "eslint": "eslint .",
     "test": "mocha test/index.js",
-    "test-cov": "nyc --reporter=lcovonly npm test -- --no-parallel",
+    "test-cov": "c8 --reporter=lcovonly npm test -- --no-parallel",
     "prepare": "husky install"
   },
   "directories": {
@@ -47,27 +47,28 @@
     "hexo-fs": "^3.1.0",
     "hexo-i18n": "^1.0.0",
     "hexo-log": "^3.0.0",
-    "hexo-util": "^2.6.1",
+    "hexo-util": "^2.7.0",
     "js-yaml": "^4.1.0",
     "js-yaml-js-types": "^1.0.0",
     "micromatch": "^4.0.4",
     "moize": "^6.1.0",
     "moment": "^2.29.1",
     "moment-timezone": "^0.5.34",
-    "picocolors": "^1.0.0",
     "nunjucks": "^3.2.3",
     "parse5": "^7.0.0",
+    "picocolors": "^1.0.0",
     "pretty-hrtime": "^1.0.3",
     "resolve": "^1.22.0",
     "strip-ansi": "^6.0.0",
     "text-table": "^0.2.0",
     "tildify": "^2.0.0",
     "titlecase": "^1.1.3",
-    "warehouse": "^4.0.1"
+    "warehouse": "^4.0.2"
   },
   "devDependencies": {
     "@easyops/git-exec-and-restage": "^1.0.4",
     "0x": "^5.1.2",
+    "c8": "^7.12.0",
     "chai": "^4.3.6",
     "cheerio": "0.22.0",
     "decache": "^4.6.1",
@@ -77,7 +78,6 @@
     "husky": "^7.0.4",
     "lint-staged": "^11.0.0",
     "mocha": "^10.0.0",
-    "nyc": "^15.1.0",
     "sinon": "^13.0.2"
   },
   "engines": {
diff --git a/test/benchmark.js b/test/benchmark.js
index 5993632f6d..1dad3c008d 100644
--- a/test/benchmark.js
+++ b/test/benchmark.js
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ const { performance, PerformanceObserver } = require('perf_hooks');
 const { spawn } = require('child_process');
 const { spawn: spawnAsync } = require('hexo-util');
 const { rmdir, exists } = require('hexo-fs');
+const { appendFileSync: appendFile } = require('fs');
 const { join, resolve } = require('path');
 const log = require('hexo-log')();
 const { red } = require('picocolors');
@@ -26,6 +27,8 @@ const zeroEksDir = process.env.TRAVIS_BUILD_DIR
   : resolve(testDir, '0x');
 const hexoBin = resolve(testDir, 'node_modules/.bin/hexo');
 
+const isGitHubActions = process.env.GITHUB_ACTIONS;
+
 const zeroEks = require('0x');
 
 let isProfiling = process.argv.join(' ').includes('--profiling');
@@ -41,6 +44,12 @@ if (!isProfiling && !isBenchmark) {
 
   if (isBenchmark) {
     log.info('Running benchmark');
+
+    if (isGitHubActions) {
+      log.info('Running in GitHub Actions.');
+      appendFile(process.env.GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY, '# Benchmark Result\n');
+    }
+
     await cleanUp();
     await run_benchmark('Cold processing');
     await run_benchmark('Hot processing');
@@ -76,8 +85,14 @@ async function run_benchmark(name) {
 
       if (measureFinished) {
         obs.disconnect();
+
+        if (isGitHubActions) {
+          appendFile(process.env.GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY, `\n## ${name}\n\n| Step | Cost time (s) |\n| --- | --- |\n${Object.keys(result).map(name => `| ${name} | ${result[name]['Cost time (s)']} |`).join('\n')}\n`);
+        }
+
         console.log(name);
         console.table(result);
+
         resolve(result);
       }
     });
diff --git a/test/scripts/extend/tag.js b/test/scripts/extend/tag.js
index 193ee64890..a89f6f7c8b 100644
--- a/test/scripts/extend/tag.js
+++ b/test/scripts/extend/tag.js
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 'use strict';
 
 const { spy } = require('sinon');
-const Promise = require('bluebird');
 
 describe('Tag', () => {
   const Tag = require('../../../lib/extend/tag');
@@ -19,7 +18,7 @@ describe('Tag', () => {
   it('register() - async', async () => {
     const tag = new Tag();
 
-    tag.register('test', (args, content) => Promise.resolve(args.join(' ')), { async: true });
+    tag.register('test', async (args, content) => args.join(' '), { async: true });
 
     const result = await tag.render('{% test foo bar %}');
     result.should.eql('foo bar');
@@ -43,7 +42,7 @@ describe('Tag', () => {
   it('register() - async block', async () => {
     const tag = new Tag();
 
-    tag.register('test', (args, content) => Promise.resolve(args.join(' ') + ' ' + content), { ends: true, async: true });
+    tag.register('test', async (args, content) => args.join(' ') + ' ' + content, { ends: true, async: true });
 
     const str = [
       '{% test foo bar %}',
@@ -81,9 +80,7 @@ describe('Tag', () => {
     const tag = new Tag();
 
     tag.register('test', (args, content) => content, {ends: true, async: true});
-    tag.register('async', (args, content) => {
-      return Promise.resolve(args.join(' ') + ' ' + content);
-    }, { ends: true, async: true });
+    tag.register('async', async (args, content) => args.join(' ') + ' ' + content, { ends: true, async: true });
 
     const str = [
       '{% test %}',
@@ -136,7 +133,7 @@ describe('Tag', () => {
   it('unregister()', () => {
     const tag = new Tag();
 
-    tag.register('test', (args, content) => Promise.resolve(args.join(' ')), {async: true});
+    tag.register('test', async (args, content) => args.join(' '), {async: true});
     tag.unregister('test');
 
     return tag.render('{% test foo bar %}')
diff --git a/test/scripts/extend/tag_errors.js b/test/scripts/extend/tag_errors.js
index 1b616f2cfc..6a674430b8 100644
--- a/test/scripts/extend/tag_errors.js
+++ b/test/scripts/extend/tag_errors.js
@@ -124,4 +124,26 @@ describe('Tag Errors', () => {
       err.message.should.contains(source);
     }
   });
+
+  it('source file path 2', async () => {
+    const source = '_posts/hello-world.md';
+    const tag = new Tag();
+
+    tag.register('test',
+      (args, content) => {},
+      { ends: true });
+
+    const body = [
+      '{% test %}',
+      '${#var}',
+      '{% endtest %}'
+    ].join('\n');
+
+    try {
+      await tag.render(body, { source });
+    } catch (err) {
+      err.should.have.property('message');
+      err.message.should.contains(source);
+    }
+  });
 });
diff --git a/test/scripts/helpers/is.js b/test/scripts/helpers/is.js
index 02a43808f9..fa8acd9551 100644
--- a/test/scripts/helpers/is.js
+++ b/test/scripts/helpers/is.js
@@ -25,6 +25,13 @@ describe('is', () => {
     await is.home.call({page: {}}).should.be.false;
   });
 
+  it('is_home_first_page', async () => {
+    await is.home_first_page.call({page: {__index: true, current: 1}}).should.be.true;
+    await is.home_first_page.call({page: {__index: true, current: 2}}).should.be.false;
+    await is.home_first_page.call({page: {__index: true}}).should.be.false;
+    await is.home_first_page.call({page: {}}).should.be.false;
+  });
+
   it('is_post', async () => {
     await is.post.call({page: {__post: true}}).should.be.true;
     await is.post.call({page: {}}).should.be.false;
diff --git a/test/scripts/helpers/mail_to.js b/test/scripts/helpers/mail_to.js
index 4d961709bc..bcac9970c7 100644
--- a/test/scripts/helpers/mail_to.js
+++ b/test/scripts/helpers/mail_to.js
@@ -1,7 +1,5 @@
 'use strict';
 
-const qs = require('querystring');
-
 describe('mail_to', () => {
   const Hexo = require('../../../lib/hexo');
   const hexo = new Hexo(__dirname);
@@ -33,7 +31,7 @@ describe('mail_to', () => {
 
   it('cc (string)', () => {
     const data = {cc: 'abc@abc.com'};
-    const querystring = qs.stringify(data);
+    const querystring = new URLSearchParams(data).toString();
 
     mailto('abc@example.com', 'Email', {cc: 'abc@abc.com'})
       .should.eql('<a href="mailto:abc@example.com?' + querystring + '" title="Email">Email</a>');
@@ -41,7 +39,7 @@ describe('mail_to', () => {
 
   it('cc (array)', () => {
     const data = {cc: 'abc@abc.com,bcd@bcd.com'};
-    const querystring = qs.stringify(data);
+    const querystring = new URLSearchParams(data).toString();
 
     mailto('abc@example.com', 'Email', {cc: ['abc@abc.com', 'bcd@bcd.com']})
       .should.eql('<a href="mailto:abc@example.com?' + querystring + '" title="Email">Email</a>');
@@ -49,7 +47,7 @@ describe('mail_to', () => {
 
   it('bcc (string)', () => {
     const data = {bcc: 'abc@abc.com'};
-    const querystring = qs.stringify(data);
+    const querystring = new URLSearchParams(data).toString();
 
     mailto('abc@example.com', 'Email', {bcc: 'abc@abc.com'})
       .should.eql('<a href="mailto:abc@example.com?' + querystring + '" title="Email">Email</a>');
@@ -57,7 +55,7 @@ describe('mail_to', () => {
 
   it('bcc (array)', () => {
     const data = {bcc: 'abc@abc.com,bcd@bcd.com'};
-    const querystring = qs.stringify(data);
+    const querystring = new URLSearchParams(data).toString();
 
     mailto('abc@example.com', 'Email', {bcc: ['abc@abc.com', 'bcd@bcd.com']})
       .should.eql('<a href="mailto:abc@example.com?' + querystring + '" title="Email">Email</a>');
diff --git a/test/scripts/helpers/open_graph.js b/test/scripts/helpers/open_graph.js
index f8b78ffb61..c709e7fa17 100644
--- a/test/scripts/helpers/open_graph.js
+++ b/test/scripts/helpers/open_graph.js
@@ -301,11 +301,10 @@ describe('open_graph', () => {
   });
 
   it('images - resolve relative path when site is hosted in subdirectory', () => {
-    const urlFn = require('url');
     const config = hexo.config;
-    config.url = urlFn.resolve(config.url, 'blog');
+    config.url = new URL('blog', config.url).toString();
     config.root = 'blog';
-    const postUrl = urlFn.resolve(config.url, '/foo/bar/index.html');
+    const postUrl = new URL('/foo/bar/index.html', config.url).toString();
 
     const result = openGraph.call({
       page: {},
@@ -314,7 +313,7 @@ describe('open_graph', () => {
       url: postUrl
     }, {images: 'test.jpg'});
 
-    result.should.have.string(meta({property: 'og:image', content: urlFn.resolve(config.url, '/foo/bar/test.jpg')}));
+    result.should.have.string(meta({property: 'og:image', content: new URL('/foo/bar/test.jpg', config.url).toString()}));
   });
 
   it('twitter_image - default same as og:image', () => {
diff --git a/test/scripts/helpers/paginator.js b/test/scripts/helpers/paginator.js
index ea738d509c..f1aeb63390 100644
--- a/test/scripts/helpers/paginator.js
+++ b/test/scripts/helpers/paginator.js
@@ -302,4 +302,43 @@ describe('paginator', () => {
       '<bar></a>'
     ].join(''));
   });
+
+  it('custom_class', () => {
+    const result = paginator({
+      current: 2,
+      current_class: 'current-class',
+      space_class: 'space-class',
+      page_class: 'page-class',
+      prev_class: 'prev-class',
+      next_class: 'next-class'
+    });
+
+    result.should.eql([
+      '<a class="prev-class" rel="prev" href="/">Prev</a>',
+      '<a class="page-class" href="/">1</a>',
+      '<span class="page-class current-class">2</span>',
+      '<a class="page-class" href="/page/3/">3</a>',
+      '<a class="page-class" href="/page/4/">4</a>',
+      '<span class="space-class">&hellip;</span>',
+      '<a class="page-class" href="/page/10/">10</a>',
+      '<a class="next-class" rel="next" href="/page/3/">Next</a>'
+    ].join(''));
+  });
+
+  it('force_prev_next', () => {
+    const result = paginator({
+      current: 1,
+      force_prev_next: true
+    });
+
+    result.should.eql([
+      '<span class="extend prev" rel="prev">Prev</span>',
+      '<span class="page-number current">1</span>',
+      '<a class="page-number" href="/page/2/">2</a>',
+      '<a class="page-number" href="/page/3/">3</a>',
+      '<span class="space">&hellip;</span>',
+      '<a class="page-number" href="/page/10/">10</a>',
+      '<a class="extend next" rel="next" href="/page/2/">Next</a>'
+    ].join(''));
+  });
 });
diff --git a/test/scripts/helpers/toc.js b/test/scripts/helpers/toc.js
index 08d7c3ebeb..47f0014790 100644
--- a/test/scripts/helpers/toc.js
+++ b/test/scripts/helpers/toc.js
@@ -476,4 +476,83 @@ describe('toc', () => {
 
     toc(input, { list_number: true, class: className }).should.eql(expected);
   });
+
+  it('custom class', () => {
+    const className = 'foo';
+    const childClassName = 'bar';
+    const expected = [
+      '<ol class="' + className + '">',
+      '<li class="' + className + '-item ' + className + '-level-1">',
+      '<a class="' + className + '-link" href="#title_1">',
+      '<span class="' + className + '-number">1.</span> ', // list_number enabled
+      '<span class="' + className + '-text">Title 1</span>',
+      '</a>',
+      '<ol class="' + childClassName + '">',
+      '<li class="' + className + '-item ' + className + '-level-2">',
+      '<a class="' + className + '-link" href="#title_1_1">',
+      '<span class="' + className + '-number">1.1.</span> ', // list_number enabled
+      '<span class="' + className + '-text">Title 1.1</span>',
+      '</a>',
+      '<ol class="' + childClassName + '">',
+      '<li class="' + className + '-item ' + className + '-level-3">',
+      '<a class="' + className + '-link" href="#title_1_1_1">',
+      '<span class="' + className + '-number">1.1.1.</span> ', // list_number enabled
+      '<span class="' + className + '-text">Title 1.1.1</span>',
+      '</a>',
+      '</li>',
+      '</ol>',
+      '</li>',
+      '<li class="' + className + '-item ' + className + '-level-2">',
+      '<a class="' + className + '-link" href="#title_1_2">',
+      '<span class="' + className + '-number">1.2.</span> ', // list_number enabled
+      '<span class="' + className + '-text">Title 1.2</span>',
+      '</a>',
+      '</li>',
+      '<li class="' + className + '-item ' + className + '-level-2">',
+      '<a class="' + className + '-link" href="#title_1_3">',
+      '<span class="' + className + '-number">1.3.</span> ', // list_number enabled
+      '<span class="' + className + '-text">Title 1.3</span>',
+      '</a>',
+      '<ol class="' + childClassName + '">',
+      '<li class="' + className + '-item ' + className + '-level-3">',
+      '<a class="' + className + '-link" href="#title_1_3_1">',
+      '<span class="' + className + '-number">1.3.1.</span> ', // list_number enabled
+      '<span class="' + className + '-text">Title 1.3.1</span>',
+      '</a>',
+      '</li>',
+      '</ol>',
+      '</li>',
+      '</ol>',
+      '</li>',
+      '<li class="' + className + '-item ' + className + '-level-1">',
+      '<a class="' + className + '-link" href="#title_2">',
+      '<span class="' + className + '-number">2.</span> ', // list_number enabled
+      '<span class="' + className + '-text">Title 2</span>',
+      '</a>',
+      '<ol class="' + childClassName + '">',
+      '<li class="' + className + '-item ' + className + '-level-2">',
+      '<a class="' + className + '-link" href="#title_2_1">',
+      '<span class="' + className + '-number">2.1.</span> ', // list_number enabled
+      '<span class="' + className + '-text">Title 2.1</span>',
+      '</a>',
+      '</li>',
+      '</ol>',
+      '</li>',
+      '<li class="' + className + '-item ' + className + '-level-1">',
+      '<a class="' + className + '-link" href="#title_3">',
+      '<span class="' + className + '-number">3.</span> ', // list_number enabled
+      '<span class="' + className + '-text">Title should escape &amp;, &lt;, &#39;, and &quot;</span>',
+      '</a>',
+      '</li>',
+      '<li class="' + className + '-item ' + className + '-level-1">',
+      '<a class="' + className + '-link" href="#title_4">',
+      '<span class="' + className + '-number">4.</span> ', // list_number enabled
+      '<span class="' + className + '-text">Chapter 1 should be printed to toc</span>',
+      '</a>',
+      '</li>',
+      '</ol>'
+    ].join('');
+
+    toc(html, { class: 'foo', class_child: 'bar' }).should.eql(expected);
+  });
 });
diff --git a/test/scripts/tags/post_link.js b/test/scripts/tags/post_link.js
index e0a9d3c6a5..473edd5f41 100644
--- a/test/scripts/tags/post_link.js
+++ b/test/scripts/tags/post_link.js
@@ -57,11 +57,11 @@ describe('post_link', () => {
       .should.eql('<a href="/title-with-tag/" title="This is a &lt;b&gt;Bold&lt;&#x2F;b&gt; &quot;statement&quot;">This is a <b>Bold</b> "statement"</a>');
   });
 
-  it('no slug', () => {
-    postLink([]).should.eql('<a href="#">Post not found: Invalid post_link</a>');
+  it('should throw if no slug', () => {
+    should.throw(() => postLink([]), Error, /Post not found: "undefined" doesn't exist for \{% post_link %\}/);
   });
 
-  it('post not found', () => {
-    postLink(['bar']).should.eql('<a href="#">Post not found: bar</a>');
+  it('should throw if post not found', () => {
+    should.throw(() => postLink(['bar']), Error, /Post not found: post_link bar\./);
   });
 });