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Table of contents

Commands

MOV

inspect

Registers:
	A: 0x00
	B: 0x00
	C: 0x00
	D: 0x00
	E: 0x00
	H: 0x00
	L: 0x00
	M: 0x00

Memory:
	0x1000: 0x2b
	0x1001: 0x34
	0x0000: 0x00

Flags:
	carry: 0
	auxillary_carry: 0
	zero: 0
	sign: 0

MVI

MVI A 03H

A -> 03H

inspect

Registers:
	A: 0x03
	B: 0x00
	C: 0x00
	D: 0x00
	E: 0x00
	H: 0x00
	L: 0x00
	M: 0x00

Memory:
	0x1000: 0x2b
	0x1001: 0x34
	0x0000: 0x00

Flags:
	carry: 0
	auxillary_carry: 0
	zero: 0
	sign: 0

MOV B A
MOV C A

B -> 03H [From A]
C -> 03H [From A]

ADD/ADI

inspect

Registers:
	A: 0x03
	B: 0x03
	C: 0x03
	D: 0x00
	E: 0x00
	H: 0x00
	L: 0x00
	M: 0x00

Memory:
	0x1000: 0x2b
	0x1001: 0x34
	0x0000: 0x00

Flags:
	carry: 0
	auxillary_carry: 0
	zero: 0
	sign: 0

ADD B

A -> 03H + 03H -> 06H

MVI A ff;
ADI 01H;

SUB/SUI

MVI A 03H
SUB B
SUI 04
MVI A 06

A -> 03H
A - B -> 03H - 03H -> 00H
FLAGS: CY->0, S->0, Z->1
A -> 00H - 04H -> 04H
FLAGS: CY->1, S->1, Z->0
A -> 06H

OUT A
MVI A 11H
DCR A
DCR A
DCR A
DCR A
DCR A
DCR A
DCR A

CMP/CPI

CMP B CPI 05

  • A > B, no carry
  • A < B : carry
  • A == B : no carry, zero flag
CMP B
CPI 0b

A - B -> 0AH - 03H -> 7H
FLAGS: CY->0, S->0, Z->0
[A] 0AH - 0BH -> 1H
FLAGS: CY->1, S->1, Z->0

MVI C 0c
CMP C
CPI 02H

C -> 0CH
A - C -> 0AH - 0CH -> 2H
FLAGS: CY->1, S->1, Z->0
[A] 0AH - 02H -> 8H
FLAGS: CY->0, S->0, Z->0

STA

inspect

Registers:
	A: 0x0a
	B: 0x03
	C: 0x0c
	D: 0x00
	E: 0x00
	H: 0x00
	L: 0x00
	M: 0x00

Memory:
	0x1000: 0x2b
	0x1001: 0x34
	0x0000: 0x00

Flags:
	carry: 0
	auxillary_carry: 0
	zero: 0
	sign: 0

STA 3344H

3344H -> 0AH

LDA

inspect

Registers:
	A: 0x0a
	B: 0x03
	C: 0x0c
	D: 0x00
	E: 0x00
	H: 0x00
	L: 0x00
	M: 0x00

Memory:
	0x1000: 0x2b
	0x1001: 0x34
	0x0000: 0x00
	0x3344: 0x0a

Flags:
	carry: 0
	auxillary_carry: 0
	zero: 0
	sign: 0

LDA 0001H

A -> 00H [From 0001H]

INR

Increment Register

INR A

A -> 00H + 01H -> 01H

DCR

DCR B

B -> 03H - 01H -> 02H

OUT

OUT PORT0
OUT PORT1

PORT0: 01H
PORT1: 01H

LXI

LXI H 3344H

HL -> 0x3344 [H -> 0x33 L -> 0x44]

inspect

Registers:
	A: 0x01
	B: 0x02
	C: 0x0c
	D: 0x00
	E: 0x00
	H: 0x33
	L: 0x44
	M: 0x0a

Memory:
	0x1000: 0x2b
	0x1001: 0x34
	0x0000: 0x00
	0x3344: 0x0a
	0x0001: 0x00

Flags:
	carry: 0
	auxillary_carry: 0
	zero: 0
	sign: 0

INX/DCX

LXI H 1260
INX H
DCX H

HL -> 0x1260 [H -> 0x12 L -> 0x60]
HL -> 0x1261 [0x1260 + 0x01]
HL -> 0x1260 [0x1261 - 0x01]

STAX

We move data to M for writing value/data to xtended HL register For other we have to manually store the value from accumulator to xtended register pair

LXI D 1260H             ; DE -> 1260H
MVI A 0aH               ; A -> 0aH
STAX D                  ; DE [1260] now contains 0aH

DE -> 0x1260 [D -> 0x12 E -> 0x60]
A -> 0AH
DE [0x1260] -> 0AH [From A]

LDAX

We refer to M for the value/data stored in xtended HL register For other we have to manually load the value to Accumulator

MVI A 00H               ; reset A to 0H
LXI D 1260H             ; [1260H] contains value 0aH
LDAX D                  ; It puts that value to A
OUT A

A -> 00H
DE -> 0x1260 [D -> 0x12 E -> 0x60]
A -> 0AH  ; FROM DE -> [0x1260]
A: 0AH

ANI

MVI A 79H
ANI 80H
OUT A
MVI A 90H
ANI 80H

ORI

MVI A 02H
ORI 01H
OUT A
MVI A 02H
ORI 05H
MVI A 0H
ORI 0H

RRC

MVI A 02H
RRC
RRC

Practice Problems

Register setup from 1260 to 1264

MVI A 05
STA 1260H
MVI A 01
STA 1261H
MVI A 02
STA 1262H
MVI A 03
STA 1263H
MVI A 04
STA 1264H

A -> 05H
1260H -> 05H
A -> 01H
1261H -> 01H
A -> 02H
1262H -> 02H
A -> 03H
1263H -> 03H
A -> 04H
1264H -> 04H

SIMPLE

inspect

Registers:
	A: 0x04
	B: 0x02
	C: 0x0c
	D: 0x12
	E: 0x60
	H: 0x12
	L: 0x60
	M: 0x05

Memory:
	0x1000: 0x2b
	0x1001: 0x34
	0x0000: 0x00
	0x3344: 0x0a
	0x0001: 0x00
	0x1260: 0x05
	0x1261: 0x01
	0x1262: 0x02
	0x1263: 0x03
	0x1264: 0x04

Flags:
	carry: 0
	auxillary_carry: 0
	zero: 0
	sign: 0

MVI A 00H ; A = 00H
MVI B 05H ; B = 05H

FIRST: ADI 01 ; A + 1
       DCR B ; B -1
       JNZ FIRST
       HLT

A -> 00H
B -> 05H

        FIRST:
A -> 00H + 01H -> 01H
B -> 05H - 01H -> 04H

        FIRST:
A -> 01H + 01H -> 02H
B -> 04H - 01H -> 03H

        FIRST:
A -> 02H + 01H -> 03H
B -> 03H - 01H -> 02H

        FIRST:
A -> 03H + 01H -> 04H
B -> 02H - 01H -> 01H

        FIRST:
A -> 04H + 01H -> 05H
B -> 01H - 01H -> 00H

inspect

Registers:
        A: 0x05
        B: 0x00
        C: 0x0c
        D: 0x12
        E: 0x60
        H: 0x12
        L: 0x60
        M: 0x05

Memory:
        0x1000: 0x2b
        0x1001: 0x34
        0x0000: 0x00
        0x3344: 0x0a
        0x0001: 0x00
        0x1260: 0x05
        0x1261: 0x01
        0x1262: 0x02
        0x1263: 0x03
        0x1264: 0x04

Flags:
        carry: 0
        auxillary_carry: 0
        zero: 0
        sign: 0

Memory dynamic

  • Wap to add five bytes of memory and store it in some other memory 
    MVI A 00H
MVI B 05H
LXI H 1260H

FIRST: ADD M
       INX H
       DCR B
       JNZ FIRST
       HLT
    
    A -> 00H
B -> 05H
HL -> 0x1260 [H -> 0x12 L -> 0x60]

        FIRST:
A -> 00H + 05H -> 05H
HL -> 0x1261 [0x1260 + 0x01]
B -> 05H - 01H -> 04H

        FIRST:
A -> 05H + 01H -> 06H
HL -> 0x1262 [0x1261 + 0x01]
B -> 04H - 01H -> 03H

        FIRST:
A -> 06H + 02H -> 08H
HL -> 0x1263 [0x1262 + 0x01]
B -> 03H - 01H -> 02H

        FIRST:
A -> 08H + 03H -> 0BH
HL -> 0x1264 [0x1263 + 0x01]
B -> 02H - 01H -> 01H

        FIRST:
A -> 0BH + 04H -> 0FH
HL -> 0x1265 [0x1264 + 0x01]
B -> 01H - 01H -> 00H
  • Wap to add five bytes of memory and store it in some other memory 
    MVI B 04H
LXI H 1260H
MOV C M
LXI H 1261H

FIRST: MOV A M
       CMP C
       JNC SECOND
       MOV C A

SECOND: INX H
        DCR B
        JNZ FIRST
        HLT
    
    B -> 04H
HL -> 0x1260 [H -> 0x12 L -> 0x60]
C -> 05H [From M]
HL -> 0x1261 [H -> 0x12 L -> 0x61]

        FIRST:
A -> 01H [From M]
A - C -> 01H - 05H -> 4H
FLAGS: CY->1, S->1, Z->0
C -> 01H [From A]

        SECOND:
HL -> 0x1262 [0x1261 + 0x01]
B -> 04H - 01H -> 03H

        FIRST:
A -> 02H [From M]
A - C -> 02H - 01H -> 1H
FLAGS: CY->0, S->0, Z->0

        SECOND:
HL -> 0x1263 [0x1262 + 0x01]
B -> 03H - 01H -> 02H

        FIRST:
A -> 03H [From M]
A - C -> 03H - 01H -> 2H
FLAGS: CY->0, S->0, Z->0

        SECOND:
HL -> 0x1264 [0x1263 + 0x01]
B -> 02H - 01H -> 01H

        FIRST:
A -> 04H [From M]
A - C -> 04H - 01H -> 3H
FLAGS: CY->0, S->0, Z->0

        SECOND:
HL -> 0x1265 [0x1264 + 0x01]
B -> 01H - 01H -> 00H