diff --git a/containers-tests/containers-tests.cabal b/containers-tests/containers-tests.cabal
index 3dfa65802..dacc04084 100644
--- a/containers-tests/containers-tests.cabal
+++ b/containers-tests/containers-tests.cabal
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ common deps
     , base     >=4.9.1   && <5
     , deepseq  >=1.2     && <1.5
     , template-haskell
+    , vector
 
 common test-deps
   import: deps
diff --git a/containers/containers.cabal b/containers/containers.cabal
index 30ac269e6..0223a7f44 100644
--- a/containers/containers.cabal
+++ b/containers/containers.cabal
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ source-repository head
 
 Library
     default-language: Haskell2010
-    build-depends: base >= 4.9.1 && < 5, array >= 0.4.0.0, deepseq >= 1.2 && < 1.5, template-haskell
+    build-depends: base >= 4.9.1 && < 5, array >= 0.4.0.0, deepseq >= 1.2 && < 1.5, template-haskell, vector
     hs-source-dirs: src
     ghc-options: -O2 -Wall -fwarn-incomplete-uni-patterns -fwarn-incomplete-record-updates
 
diff --git a/containers/src/Data/Set/Internal.hs b/containers/src/Data/Set/Internal.hs
index d5d7e29d9..6163cac57 100644
--- a/containers/src/Data/Set/Internal.hs
+++ b/containers/src/Data/Set/Internal.hs
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 {-# LANGUAGE CPP #-}
 {-# LANGUAGE BangPatterns #-}
 {-# LANGUAGE PatternGuards #-}
+{-# LANGUAGE ScopedTypeVariables #-}
 #if !defined(TESTING) && defined(__GLASGOW_HASKELL__)
 {-# LANGUAGE Trustworthy #-}
 #endif
@@ -247,6 +248,12 @@ import Data.Functor.Identity (Identity)
 import qualified Data.Foldable as Foldable
 import Control.DeepSeq (NFData(rnf))
 
+import qualified Data.Vector as V
+import qualified Data.Vector.Unboxed as VU
+
+-- import Data.Bits ((.&.),(.|.),xor,countTrailingZeros,popCount,complement, bit)
+import Data.Bits ((.&.),(.|.),xor,countTrailingZeros,popCount)
+
 import Utils.Containers.Internal.StrictPair
 import Utils.Containers.Internal.PtrEquality
 
@@ -1824,6 +1831,90 @@ splitRoot orig =
 --
 -- @since 0.5.11
 
+powerSet :: forall a . Set a -> Set (Set a)
+powerSet xs =
+  let !w = length xs
+      !u = V.fromListN w $ toList xs
+      -- v ! m is the set with bit pattern m,
+      -- e.g., for xs = [1,2,3],
+      -- we have  fmap Foldable.toList v =  array (0,7)
+      -- [(0,[]),(1,[3]),(2,[2]),(3,[2,3]),(4,[1]),(5,[1,3]),(6,[1,2]),(7,[1,2,3])]
+      !v = V.generate (2^w) $ \ m ->
+        if m == 0
+        then Tip
+        else let ST up med lo = splitBits m
+             in  bin (u V.! (w - 1 - med))
+                     (v V.! up) (v V.! lo)
+
+      full = 2^(w+1)-1 :: Int
+      stp = VU.iterateN (2^w) (next_pattern full) 0
+      make :: Int -> Int -> Set (Set a)
+      make !begin !s = 
+        if s == 0
+        then Tip
+        else
+          let !sl = shiftR (s-1) 1; !sr = s - 1 - sl
+          in  bin (v V.! (stp VU.! (begin + sl)))
+                  (make begin sl)
+                  (make (begin + sl+1) sr)
+            
+  in  make 0 (2^w)
+
+{-
+
+-- | @bit_pattern w i@ is the bit pattern at position i
+-- in the lexicographic enumeration of their meanings as sets.
+-- map (bit_pattern  3) [0..7]
+-- = [0,4,6,7,5,2,3,1]
+-- = [000,100,110,111,101,010,011,001]
+-- This function is called often. It takes 1/3 of run-time,
+-- but it does not allocate.
+bit_pattern :: Int -> Int -> Int
+bit_pattern 0 _ = 0
+bit_pattern !width !i =
+  let go :: Int -> Int -> Int -> Int
+      go !topmask !n !set =
+        if n == 0 then set
+        else if 0 == ((n-1) .&. topmask)
+        then go (shiftR topmask 1)
+             (n-1) (set .|. topmask)
+        else go (shiftR topmask 1)
+             (n .&. complement topmask) set
+  in  go (bit $ width-1) i 0
+-}
+
+-- | next bitpattern, first arg. is 2^(w+1)-1
+next_pattern :: Int -> Int -> Int
+{-# inline next_pattern #-}
+next_pattern full m =
+  if even m
+  then -- switch highest trailing zero bit to one
+                            -- ex.: m = 10100      000000
+       let lo = full .&. xor m (m-1) -- 00111     000111
+           b  = xor lo (shiftR lo 1) -- 00100        100
+       in  m .|. shiftR b 1          -- 10110
+  else -- remove lowest one bit (at index 0)
+       -- then move now-lowest one bit on place to the right
+                             -- ex.: m = 1101111    111  101
+       let mm = m - 1                -- 1101110    110  100
+           lo = xor mm (mm-1)        -- 0000011    011  111
+           b =  xor lo (shiftR lo 1) -- 0000010    010  100
+       in  xor mm (b .|. shiftR b 1)  -- 1101101    101  010
+
+data StrictTriple = ST !Int !Int !Int
+
+-- | return bitmask for upper half,
+-- index of middle bit, bitmask for lower half
+splitBits :: Int -> StrictTriple
+splitBits m =
+  let clearLowest !x = x .&. (x-1)
+      go 0 !x = x; go k !x = go (k-1) (clearLowest x)
+      up_med = go (div (popCount m) 2) m
+      lo = xor m up_med
+      up = clearLowest up_med
+      med = xor up_med up
+  in  ST up (countTrailingZeros med) lo
+
 -- Proof of complexity: step executes n times. At the ith step,
 -- "insertMin x `mapMonotonic` pxs" takes O(2^i log i) time since pxs has size
 -- 2^i - 1 and we insertMin into its elements which are sets of size <= i.
@@ -1834,9 +1925,9 @@ splitRoot orig =
 -- = O(log n * \sum_{i=1}^{n-1} 2^i)
 -- = O(2^n log n)
 
-powerSet :: Set a -> Set (Set a)
-powerSet xs0 = insertMin empty (foldr' step Tip xs0) where
-  step x pxs = insertMin (singleton x) (insertMin x `mapMonotonic` pxs) `glue` pxs
+-- powerSet_orig :: Set a -> Set (Set a)
+-- powerSet_orig xs0 = insertMin empty (foldr' step Tip xs0) where
+--   step x pxs = insertMin (singleton x) (insertMin x `mapMonotonic` pxs) `glue` pxs
 
 -- | \(O(nm)\). Calculate the Cartesian product of two sets.
 --