RStudio Weak Credentials Plugin

google/detectors/credentials/generic_weak_credential_detector/src/main/java/com/google/tsunami/plugins/detectors/credentials/genericweakcredentialdetector/GenericWeakCredentialDetectorBootstrapModule.java

@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@
 import com.google.tsunami.plugins.detectors.credentials.genericweakcredentialdetector.testers.ncrack.NcrackCredentialTester;
 import com.google.tsunami.plugins.detectors.credentials.genericweakcredentialdetector.testers.postgres.PostgresCredentialTester;
 import com.google.tsunami.plugins.detectors.credentials.genericweakcredentialdetector.testers.wordpress.WordpressCredentialTester;
+import com.google.tsunami.plugins.detectors.credentials.genericweakcredentialdetector.testers.rstudio.RStudioCredentialTester;
 import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.nio.file.Files;
@@ -70,6 +71,7 @@ protected void configurePlugin() {
     credentialTesterBinder.addBinding().to(PostgresCredentialTester.class);
     credentialTesterBinder.addBinding().to(WordpressCredentialTester.class);
     credentialTesterBinder.addBinding().to(GrafanaCredentialTester.class);
+    credentialTesterBinder.addBinding().to(RStudioCredentialTester.class);
     credentialTesterBinder.addBinding().to(RabbitMQCredentialTester.class);
 
     Multibinder<CredentialProvider> credentialProviderBinder =

google/detectors/credentials/generic_weak_credential_detector/src/main/java/com/google/tsunami/plugins/detectors/credentials/genericweakcredentialdetector/provider/Top100Passwords.java

@@ -57,7 +57,8 @@ public final class Top100Passwords extends CredentialProvider {
           "ec2-user",
           "vagrant",
           "azureuser",
-          "cisco");
+          "cisco",
+          "rstudio");
 
   private static final ImmutableList<String> TOP_100_PASSWORDS =
       ImmutableList.of(

google/detectors/credentials/generic_weak_credential_detector/src/main/java/com/google/tsunami/plugins/detectors/credentials/genericweakcredentialdetector/testers/rstudio/RStudioCredentialTester.java

@@ -0,0 +1,252 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2023 Google LLC
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.google.tsunami.plugins.detectors.credentials.genericweakcredentialdetector.testers.rstudio;
+
+import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkNotNull;
+import static com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList.toImmutableList;
+import static com.google.tsunami.common.net.http.HttpRequest.get;
+import static com.google.tsunami.common.net.http.HttpRequest.post;
+
+import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList;
+import com.google.common.flogger.GoogleLogger;
+import com.google.protobuf.ByteString;
+import com.google.tsunami.common.data.NetworkEndpointUtils;
+import com.google.tsunami.common.data.NetworkServiceUtils;
+import com.google.tsunami.common.net.http.HttpClient;
+import com.google.tsunami.common.net.http.HttpHeaders;
+import com.google.tsunami.common.net.http.HttpResponse;
+import com.google.tsunami.plugins.detectors.credentials.genericweakcredentialdetector.provider.TestCredential;
+import com.google.tsunami.plugins.detectors.credentials.genericweakcredentialdetector.tester.CredentialTester;
+import com.google.tsunami.proto.NetworkService;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.math.BigInteger;
+import java.security.InvalidKeyException;
+import java.security.KeyFactory;
+import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
+import java.security.NoSuchProviderException;
+import java.security.interfaces.RSAPublicKey;
+import java.security.spec.InvalidKeySpecException;
+import java.security.spec.RSAPublicKeySpec;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Base64;
+import java.util.Optional;
+import javax.crypto.BadPaddingException;
+import javax.crypto.Cipher;
+import javax.crypto.IllegalBlockSizeException;
+import javax.crypto.NoSuchPaddingException;
+import javax.inject.Inject;
+import org.jsoup.Jsoup;
+import org.jsoup.nodes.Document;
+
+/** Credential tester for RStudio. */
+public final class RStudioCredentialTester extends CredentialTester {
+  private static final GoogleLogger logger = GoogleLogger.forEnclosingClass();
+  private final HttpClient httpClient;
+
+  private static final String RSTUDIO_SERVICE = "rstudio";
+  private static final String RSTUDIO_HEADER = "RStudio";
+  private static final String SERVER_HEADER = "Server";
+  private static final String RSTUDIO_UNSUPPORTED_BROWSER_TITLE = "RStudio: Browser Not Supported";
+  private static final String RSTUDIO_UNSUPPORTED_BROWSER_P =
+      "Your web browser is not supported by RStudio.";
+
+  @Inject
+  RStudioCredentialTester(HttpClient httpClient) {
+    this.httpClient = checkNotNull(httpClient).modify().setFollowRedirects(false).build();
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public String name() {
+    return "RStudioCredentialTester";
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public boolean batched() {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public String description() {
+    return "RStudio credential tester.";
+  }
+
+  private static String buildTargetUrl(NetworkService networkService, String path) {
+    StringBuilder targetUrlBuilder = new StringBuilder();
+
+    if (NetworkServiceUtils.isWebService(networkService)) {
+      targetUrlBuilder.append(NetworkServiceUtils.buildWebApplicationRootUrl(networkService));
+    } else {
+      // Default to HTTP protocol when the scanner cannot identify the actual service.
+      targetUrlBuilder
+          .append("http://")
+          .append(NetworkEndpointUtils.toUriAuthority(networkService.getNetworkEndpoint()))
+          .append("/");
+    }
+    targetUrlBuilder.append(path);
+    return targetUrlBuilder.toString();
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Determines if this tester can accept the {@link NetworkService} based on the name of the
+   * service or a custom fingerprint. The fingerprint is necessary since nmap doesn't recognize a
+   * rstudio server instance correctly.
+   *
+   * @param networkService the network service passed by tsunami
+   * @return true if a rstudio server instance is recognized
+   */
+  @Override
+  public boolean canAccept(NetworkService networkService) {
+    boolean canAcceptByNmapReport =
+        NetworkServiceUtils.getWebServiceName(networkService).equals(RSTUDIO_SERVICE);
+    if (canAcceptByNmapReport) {
+      return true;
+    }
+    boolean canAcceptByCustomFingerprint = false;
+    String url = buildTargetUrl(networkService, "unsupported_browser.htm");
+    try {
+      logger.atInfo().log("Probing RStudio - custom fingerprint phase");
+      HttpResponse response = httpClient.send(get(url).withEmptyHeaders().build());
+      canAcceptByCustomFingerprint =
+          response.status().isSuccess()
+              && response.headers().get(SERVER_HEADER).isPresent()
+              && response.headers().get(SERVER_HEADER).get().equals(RSTUDIO_HEADER)
+              && response
+                  .bodyString()
+                  .map(RStudioCredentialTester::bodyContainsRStudioElements)
+                  .orElse(false);
+    } catch (IOException e) {
+      logger.atWarning().withCause(e).log("Unable to query '%s'.", url);
+      return false;
+    }
+    return canAcceptByCustomFingerprint;
+  }
+
+  private static boolean bodyContainsRStudioElements(String responseBody) {
+    Document doc = Jsoup.parse(responseBody);
+    String title = doc.title();
+    String p =
+        doc.body().getElementsByTag("p").first().outerHtml().split("<p>")[1].split("</p>")[0];
+
+    if (title.contains(RSTUDIO_UNSUPPORTED_BROWSER_TITLE)
+        && p.contains(RSTUDIO_UNSUPPORTED_BROWSER_P)) {
+      logger.atInfo().log("Found RStudio endpoint");
+      return true;
+    } else {
+      return false;
+    }
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public ImmutableList<TestCredential> testValidCredentials(
+      NetworkService networkService, List<TestCredential> credentials) {
+
+    return credentials.stream()
+        .filter(cred -> isRStudioAccessible(networkService, cred))
+        .collect(toImmutableList());
+  }
+
+  private boolean isRStudioAccessible(NetworkService networkService, TestCredential credential) {
+    var url = buildTargetUrl(networkService, "auth-public-key");
+    try {
+      logger.atInfo().log("Retrieving public key");
+      HttpResponse response = httpClient.send(get(url).withEmptyHeaders().build());
+      Optional<String> body = response.bodyString();
+      String exponent = body.get().split(":")[0];
+      String modulus = body.get().split(":")[1];
+
+      url = buildTargetUrl(networkService, "auth-do-sign-in");
+      logger.atInfo().log(
+          "url: %s, username: %s, password: %s",
+          url, credential.username(), credential.password().orElse(""));
+      response = sendRequestWithCredentials(url, credential, exponent, modulus);
+
+      if (response.headers().get("Set-Cookie").isPresent()) {
+        for (String s : response.headers().getAll("Set-Cookie")) {
+          if (s.contains("user-id=" + credential.username())) {
+            logger.atInfo().log("Found valid credentials");
+            return true;
+          }
+        }
+      } else {
+        return false;
+      }
+    } catch (IOException
+        | NoSuchProviderException
+        | NoSuchAlgorithmException
+        | BadPaddingException
+        | IllegalBlockSizeException
+        | InvalidKeyException
+        | NoSuchPaddingException
+        | InvalidKeySpecException e) {
+      logger.atWarning().withCause(e).log("Unable to query '%s'.", url);
+    }
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  // This function base64 encodes provided cipertext string in hex.
+  private String hexToBase64(String hex) {
+    return Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(new BigInteger(hex, 16).toByteArray());
+  }
+
+  private HttpResponse sendRequestWithCredentials(
+      String url, TestCredential credential, String exponent, String modulus)
+      throws NoSuchAlgorithmException,
+          BadPaddingException,
+          IllegalBlockSizeException,
+          InvalidKeyException,
+          NoSuchPaddingException,
+          InvalidKeySpecException,
+          IOException,
+          NoSuchProviderException {
+    // Encrypting with RSA PCKS#1 version 2.
+    RSAPublicKeySpec spec =
+        new RSAPublicKeySpec(new BigInteger(modulus, 16), new BigInteger(exponent, 16));
+    KeyFactory factory = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA");
+    RSAPublicKey key = (RSAPublicKey) factory.generatePublic(spec);
+
+    Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA/ECB/PKCS1Padding");
+    cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, key);
+
+    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
+    sb.append(credential.username());
+    sb.append("\n");
+    sb.append(credential.password().get());
+    byte[] cipherData = cipher.doFinal(sb.toString().getBytes());
+
+    // Converting the ciphertext to hex.
+    sb = new StringBuilder();
+    for (byte b : cipherData) {
+      sb.append(String.format("%02X", b));
+    }
+
+    String ciphertext = this.hexToBase64(sb.toString().toLowerCase());
+    var headers =
+        HttpHeaders.builder()
+            .addHeader("Cookie", "rs-csrf-token=1")
+            .addHeader("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded")
+            .build();
+
+    sb = new StringBuilder();
+    sb.append("rs-csrf-token=1&");
+    sb.append("v=" + ciphertext.replaceAll("\\+", "%2b").replaceAll("=", "%3d"));
+    return httpClient.send(
+        post(url)
+            .setHeaders(headers)
+            .setRequestBody(ByteString.copyFrom(sb.toString().getBytes()))
+            .build());
+  }
+}

google/detectors/credentials/generic_weak_credential_detector/src/main/resources/detectors/credentials/genericweakcredentialdetector/data/service_default_credentials.textproto

@@ -55,6 +55,12 @@ service_default_credentials {
   default_usernames: "admin"
   default_passwords: "admin"
 }
+service_default_credentials {
+  service_name: "rstudio"
+  # No default password.
+  default_usernames: "rstudio"
+  default_passwords: ""
+}
 service_default_credentials {
   service_name: "rabbitmq"
   default_usernames: "guest"