devicemodel.c

device is usually embedded in more specific devices. 

struct device
- parent device
- kobj 
- device_type
- bus
- device_driver
- platform_data				/* Platform specific data, device core doesn't touch it */
- driver_data 				/* Driver data, set and get with dev_set_drvdata/dev_get_drvdata */
- dev_pin_info 				/* pinctrl *pins ? */
- of_node 
- knode_class 				/* The node used to add the device to the class list.*/


So spi_device will include struct device and its members will be spi.dev.platform_data etc.
platform_device also includes struct device 

ssc_device points to platform_device:
ssc_device->pdev 

Therefore ssc_devices dev data is inheritied from platform_device.dev.


struct driver
- name 
- bus_type
- ops 

A driver can be associated with a device, a bus or a class







/**
 * struct device - The basic device structure
 * @parent:	The device's "parent" device, the device to which it is attached.
 * 		In most cases, a parent device is some sort of bus or host
 * 		controller. If parent is NULL, the device, is a top-level device,
 * 		which is not usually what you want.
 * @p:		Holds the private data of the driver core portions of the device.
 * 		See the comment of the struct device_private for detail.
 * @kobj:	A top-level, abstract class from which other classes are derived.
 * @init_name:	Initial name of the device.
 * @type:	The type of device.
 * 		This identifies the device type and carries type-specific
 * 		information.
 * @mutex:	Mutex to synchronize calls to its driver.
 * @bus:	Type of bus device is on.
 * @driver:	Which driver has allocated this
 * @platform_data: Platform data specific to the device.
 * 		Example: For devices on custom boards, as typical of embedded
 * 		and SOC based hardware, Linux often uses platform_data to point
 * 		to board-specific structures describing devices and how they
 * 		are wired.  That can include what ports are available, chip
 * 		variants, which GPIO pins act in what additional roles, and so
 * 		on.  This shrinks the "Board Support Packages" (BSPs) and
 * 		minimizes board-specific #ifdefs in drivers.
 * @driver_data: Private pointer for driver specific info.
 * @links:	Links to suppliers and consumers of this device.
 * @power:	For device power management.
 *		See Documentation/driver-api/pm/devices.rst for details.
 * @pm_domain:	Provide callbacks that are executed during system suspend,
 * 		hibernation, system resume and during runtime PM transitions
 * 		along with subsystem-level and driver-level callbacks.
 * @em_pd:	device's energy model performance domain
 * @pins:	For device pin management.
 *		See Documentation/driver-api/pin-control.rst for details.
 * @msi:	MSI related data
 * @numa_node:	NUMA node this device is close to.
 * @dma_ops:    DMA mapping operations for this device.
 * @dma_mask:	Dma mask (if dma'ble device).
 * @coherent_dma_mask: Like dma_mask, but for alloc_coherent mapping as not all
 * 		hardware supports 64-bit addresses for consistent allocations
 * 		such descriptors.
 * @bus_dma_limit: Limit of an upstream bridge or bus which imposes a smaller
 *		DMA limit than the device itself supports.
 * @dma_range_map: map for DMA memory ranges relative to that of RAM
 * @dma_parms:	A low level driver may set these to teach IOMMU code about
 * 		segment limitations.
 * @dma_pools:	Dma pools (if dma'ble device).
 * @dma_mem:	Internal for coherent mem override.
 * @cma_area:	Contiguous memory area for dma allocations
 * @dma_io_tlb_mem: Pointer to the swiotlb pool used.  Not for driver use.
 * @archdata:	For arch-specific additions.
 * @of_node:	Associated device tree node.
 * @fwnode:	Associated device node supplied by platform firmware.
 * @devt:	For creating the sysfs "dev".
 * @id:		device instance
 * @devres_lock: Spinlock to protect the resource of the device.
 * @devres_head: The resources list of the device.
 * @knode_class: The node used to add the device to the class list.
 * @class:	The class of the device.
 * @groups:	Optional attribute groups.
 * @release:	Callback to free the device after all references have
 * 		gone away. This should be set by the allocator of the
 * 		device (i.e. the bus driver that discovered the device).
 * @iommu_group: IOMMU group the device belongs to.
 * @iommu:	Per device generic IOMMU runtime data
 * @physical_location: Describes physical location of the device connection
 *		point in the system housing.
 * @removable:  Whether the device can be removed from the system. This
 *              should be set by the subsystem / bus driver that discovered
 *              the device.
 *
 * @offline_disabled: If set, the device is permanently online.
 * @offline:	Set after successful invocation of bus type's .offline().
 * @of_node_reused: Set if the device-tree node is shared with an ancestor
 *              device.
 * @state_synced: The hardware state of this device has been synced to match
 *		  the software state of this device by calling the driver/bus
 *		  sync_state() callback.
 * @can_match:	The device has matched with a driver at least once or it is in
 *		a bus (like AMBA) which can't check for matching drivers until
 *		other devices probe successfully.
 * @dma_coherent: this particular device is dma coherent, even if the
 *		architecture supports non-coherent devices.
 * @dma_ops_bypass: If set to %true then the dma_ops are bypassed for the
 *		streaming DMA operations (->map_* / ->unmap_* / ->sync_*),
 *		and optionall (if the coherent mask is large enough) also
 *		for dma allocations.  This flag is managed by the dma ops
 *		instance from ->dma_supported.
 *
 * At the lowest level, every device in a Linux system is represented by an
 * instance of struct device. The device structure contains the information
 * that the device model core needs to model the system. Most subsystems,
 * however, track additional information about the devices they host. As a
 * result, it is rare for devices to be represented by bare device structures;
 * instead, that structure, like kobject structures, is usually embedded within
 * a higher-level representation of the device.
 */
struct device {
	struct kobject kobj;
	struct device		*parent;

	struct device_private	*p;

	const char		*init_name; /* initial name of the device */
	const struct device_type *type;

	const struct bus_type	*bus;	/* type of bus device is on */
	struct device_driver *driver;	/* which driver has allocated this
					   device */
	void		*platform_data;	/* Platform specific data, device
					   core doesn't touch it */
	void		*driver_data;	/* Driver data, set and get with
					   dev_set_drvdata/dev_get_drvdata */
	struct mutex		mutex;	/* mutex to synchronize calls to
					 * its driver.
					 */

	struct dev_links_info	links;
	struct dev_pm_info	power;
	struct dev_pm_domain	*pm_domain;

#ifdef CONFIG_ENERGY_MODEL
	struct em_perf_domain	*em_pd;
#endif

#ifdef CONFIG_PINCTRL
	struct dev_pin_info	*pins;
#endif
	struct dev_msi_info	msi;
#ifdef CONFIG_DMA_OPS
	const struct dma_map_ops *dma_ops;
#endif
	u64		*dma_mask;	/* dma mask (if dma'able device) */
	u64		coherent_dma_mask;/* Like dma_mask, but for
					     alloc_coherent mappings as
					     not all hardware supports
					     64 bit addresses for consistent
					     allocations such descriptors. */
	u64		bus_dma_limit;	/* upstream dma constraint */
	const struct bus_dma_region *dma_range_map;

	struct device_dma_parameters *dma_parms;

	struct list_head	dma_pools;	/* dma pools (if dma'ble) */

#ifdef CONFIG_DMA_DECLARE_COHERENT
	struct dma_coherent_mem	*dma_mem; /* internal for coherent mem
					     override */
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_DMA_CMA
	struct cma *cma_area;		/* contiguous memory area for dma
					   allocations */
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_SWIOTLB
	struct io_tlb_mem *dma_io_tlb_mem;
#endif
	/* arch specific additions */
	struct dev_archdata	archdata;

	struct device_node	*of_node; /* associated device tree node */
	struct fwnode_handle	*fwnode; /* firmware device node */

#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
	int		numa_node;	/* NUMA node this device is close to */
#endif
	dev_t			devt;	/* dev_t, creates the sysfs "dev" */
	u32			id;	/* device instance */

	spinlock_t		devres_lock;
	struct list_head	devres_head;

	const struct class	*class;
	const struct attribute_group **groups;	/* optional groups */

	void	(*release)(struct device *dev);
	struct iommu_group	*iommu_group;
	struct dev_iommu	*iommu;

	struct device_physical_location *physical_location;

	enum device_removable	removable;

	bool			offline_disabled:1;
	bool			offline:1;
	bool			of_node_reused:1;
	bool			state_synced:1;
	bool			can_match:1;
#if defined(CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_SYNC_DMA_FOR_DEVICE) || \
    defined(CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_SYNC_DMA_FOR_CPU) || \
    defined(CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_SYNC_DMA_FOR_CPU_ALL)
	bool			dma_coherent:1;
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_DMA_OPS_BYPASS
	bool			dma_ops_bypass : 1;
#endif
};
==================================================
/*
 * The type of device, "struct device" is embedded in. A class
 * or bus can contain devices of different types
 * like "partitions" and "disks", "mouse" and "event".
 * This identifies the device type and carries type-specific
 * information, equivalent to the kobj_type of a kobject.
 * If "name" is specified, the uevent will contain it in
 * the DEVTYPE variable.
 */
struct device_type {
	const char *name;
	const struct attribute_group **groups;
	int (*uevent)(const struct device *dev, struct kobj_uevent_env *env);
	char *(*devnode)(const struct device *dev, umode_t *mode,
			 kuid_t *uid, kgid_t *gid);
	void (*release)(struct device *dev);

	const struct dev_pm_ops *pm;
};

===================
 /*
 * A class is a higher-level view of a device that abstracts out low-level
 * implementation details. Drivers may see a SCSI disk or an ATA disk, but,
 * at the class level, they are all simply disks. Classes allow user space
 * to work with devices based on what they do, rather than how they are
 * connected or how they work.
 */
struct class {
	const char		*name;

	const struct attribute_group	**class_groups;
	const struct attribute_group	**dev_groups;

	int (*dev_uevent)(const struct device *dev, struct kobj_uevent_env *env);
	char *(*devnode)(const struct device *dev, umode_t *mode);

	void (*class_release)(const struct class *class);
	void (*dev_release)(struct device *dev);

	int (*shutdown_pre)(struct device *dev);

	const struct kobj_ns_type_operations *ns_type;
	const void *(*namespace)(const struct device *dev);

	void (*get_ownership)(const struct device *dev, kuid_t *uid, kgid_t *gid);

	const struct dev_pm_ops *pm;
};
===================
/**
 * struct device_driver - The basic device driver structure
 * @name:	Name of the device driver.
 * @bus:	The bus which the device of this driver belongs to.
 * @owner:	The module owner.
 * @mod_name:	Used for built-in modules.
 * @suppress_bind_attrs: Disables bind/unbind via sysfs.
 * @probe_type:	Type of the probe (synchronous or asynchronous) to use.
 * @of_match_table: The open firmware table.
 * @acpi_match_table: The ACPI match table.
 * @probe:	Called to query the existence of a specific device,
 *		whether this driver can work with it, and bind the driver
 *		to a specific device.
 * @sync_state:	Called to sync device state to software state after all the
 *		state tracking consumers linked to this device (present at
 *		the time of late_initcall) have successfully bound to a
 *		driver. If the device has no consumers, this function will
 *		be called at late_initcall_sync level. If the device has
 *		consumers that are never bound to a driver, this function
 *		will never get called until they do.
 * @remove:	Called when the device is removed from the system to
 *		unbind a device from this driver.
 * @shutdown:	Called at shut-down time to quiesce the device.
 * @suspend:	Called to put the device to sleep mode. Usually to a
 *		low power state.
 * @resume:	Called to bring a device from sleep mode.
 * @groups:	Default attributes that get created by the driver core
 *		automatically.
 * @dev_groups:	Additional attributes attached to device instance once
 *		it is bound to the driver.
 * @pm:		Power management operations of the device which matched
 *		this driver.
 * @coredump:	Called when sysfs entry is written to. The device driver
 *		is expected to call the dev_coredump API resulting in a
 *		uevent.
 * @p:		Driver core's private data, no one other than the driver
 *		core can touch this.
 *
 * The device driver-model tracks all of the drivers known to the system.
 * The main reason for this tracking is to enable the driver core to match
 * up drivers with new devices. Once drivers are known objects within the
 * system, however, a number of other things become possible. Device drivers
 * can export information and configuration variables that are independent
 * of any specific device.
 */
struct device_driver {
	const char		*name;
	const struct bus_type	*bus;

	struct module		*owner;
	const char		*mod_name;	/* used for built-in modules */

	bool suppress_bind_attrs;	/* disables bind/unbind via sysfs */
	enum probe_type probe_type;

	const struct of_device_id	*of_match_table;
	const struct acpi_device_id	*acpi_match_table;

	int (*probe) (struct device *dev);
	void (*sync_state)(struct device *dev);
	int (*remove) (struct device *dev);
	void (*shutdown) (struct device *dev);
	int (*suspend) (struct device *dev, pm_message_t state);
	int (*resume) (struct device *dev);
	const struct attribute_group **groups;
	const struct attribute_group **dev_groups;

	const struct dev_pm_ops *pm;
	void (*coredump) (struct device *dev);

	struct driver_private *p;
};
=======================================================

/**
 * struct spi_device - Controller side proxy for an SPI slave device
 * @dev: Driver model representation of the device.
 * @controller: SPI controller used with the device.
 * @master: Copy of controller, for backwards compatibility.
 * @max_speed_hz: Maximum clock rate to be used with this chip
 *	(on this board); may be changed by the device's driver.
 *	The spi_transfer.speed_hz can override this for each transfer.
 * @chip_select: Chipselect, distinguishing chips handled by @controller.
 * @mode: The spi mode defines how data is clocked out and in.
 *	This may be changed by the device's driver.
 *	The "active low" default for chipselect mode can be overridden
 *	(by specifying SPI_CS_HIGH) as can the "MSB first" default for
 *	each word in a transfer (by specifying SPI_LSB_FIRST).
 * @bits_per_word: Data transfers involve one or more words; word sizes
 *	like eight or 12 bits are common.  In-memory wordsizes are
 *	powers of two bytes (e.g. 20 bit samples use 32 bits).
 *	This may be changed by the device's driver, or left at the
 *	default (0) indicating protocol words are eight bit bytes.
 *	The spi_transfer.bits_per_word can override this for each transfer.
 * @rt: Make the pump thread real time priority.
 * @irq: Negative, or the number passed to request_irq() to receive
 *	interrupts from this device.
 * @controller_state: Controller's runtime state
 * @controller_data: Board-specific definitions for controller, such as
 *	FIFO initialization parameters; from board_info.controller_data
 * @modalias: Name of the driver to use with this device, or an alias
 *	for that name.  This appears in the sysfs "modalias" attribute
 *	for driver coldplugging, and in uevents used for hotplugging
 * @driver_override: If the name of a driver is written to this attribute, then
 *	the device will bind to the named driver and only the named driver.
 *	Do not set directly, because core frees it; use driver_set_override() to
 *	set or clear it.
 * @cs_gpiod: gpio descriptor of the chipselect line (optional, NULL when
 *	not using a GPIO line)
 * @word_delay: delay to be inserted between consecutive
 *	words of a transfer
 * @cs_setup: delay to be introduced by the controller after CS is asserted
 * @cs_hold: delay to be introduced by the controller before CS is deasserted
 * @cs_inactive: delay to be introduced by the controller after CS is
 *	deasserted. If @cs_change_delay is used from @spi_transfer, then the
 *	two delays will be added up.
 * @pcpu_statistics: statistics for the spi_device
 *
 * A @spi_device is used to interchange data between an SPI slave
 * (usually a discrete chip) and CPU memory.
 *
 * In @dev, the platform_data is used to hold information about this
 * device that's meaningful to the device's protocol driver, but not
 * to its controller.  One example might be an identifier for a chip
 * variant with slightly different functionality; another might be
 * information about how this particular board wires the chip's pins.
 */
struct spi_device {
	struct device		dev;
	struct spi_controller	*controller;
	struct spi_controller	*master;	/* Compatibility layer */
	u32			max_speed_hz;
	u8			chip_select;
	u8			bits_per_word;
	bool			rt;
#define SPI_NO_TX		BIT(31)		/* No transmit wire */
#define SPI_NO_RX		BIT(30)		/* No receive wire */
	/*
	 * TPM specification defines flow control over SPI. Client device
	 * can insert a wait state on MISO when address is transmitted by
	 * controller on MOSI. Detecting the wait state in software is only
	 * possible for full duplex controllers. For controllers that support
	 * only half-duplex, the wait state detection needs to be implemented
	 * in hardware. TPM devices would set this flag when hardware flow
	 * control is expected from SPI controller.
	 */
#define SPI_TPM_HW_FLOW		BIT(29)		/* TPM HW flow control */
	/*
	 * All bits defined above should be covered by SPI_MODE_KERNEL_MASK.
	 * The SPI_MODE_KERNEL_MASK has the SPI_MODE_USER_MASK counterpart,
	 * which is defined in 'include/uapi/linux/spi/spi.h'.
	 * The bits defined here are from bit 31 downwards, while in
	 * SPI_MODE_USER_MASK are from 0 upwards.
	 * These bits must not overlap. A static assert check should make sure of that.
	 * If adding extra bits, make sure to decrease the bit index below as well.
	 */
#define SPI_MODE_KERNEL_MASK	(~(BIT(29) - 1))
	u32			mode;
	int			irq;
	void			*controller_state;
	void			*controller_data;
	char			modalias[SPI_NAME_SIZE];
	const char		*driver_override;
	struct gpio_desc	*cs_gpiod;	/* Chip select gpio desc */
	struct spi_delay	word_delay; /* Inter-word delay */
	/* CS delays */
	struct spi_delay	cs_setup;
	struct spi_delay	cs_hold;
	struct spi_delay	cs_inactive;

	/* The statistics */
	struct spi_statistics __percpu	*pcpu_statistics;

	/*
	 * likely need more hooks for more protocol options affecting how
	 * the controller talks to each chip, like:
	 *  - memory packing (12 bit samples into low bits, others zeroed)
	 *  - priority
	 *  - chipselect delays
	 *  - ...
	 */
};

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