diff --git a/lib/galaxy/job_execution/setup.py b/lib/galaxy/job_execution/setup.py
index cfa281a329c2..0bfb5e878252 100644
--- a/lib/galaxy/job_execution/setup.py
+++ b/lib/galaxy/job_execution/setup.py
@@ -1,11 +1,13 @@
 """Utilities to help job and tool code setup jobs."""
 import json
 import os
+import threading
 from typing import (
     Any,
     cast,
     Dict,
     List,
+    NamedTuple,
     Optional,
     Tuple,
     Union,
@@ -38,6 +40,27 @@
 OutputPaths = List[DatasetPath]
 
 
+class JobOutput(NamedTuple):
+    output_name: str
+    dataset: DatasetInstance
+    dataset_path: DatasetPath
+
+
+class JobOutputs(threading.local):
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        super().__init__()
+        self.output_hdas_and_paths: Optional[OutputHdasAndType] = None
+        self.output_paths: Optional[OutputPaths] = None
+
+    @property
+    def populated(self) -> bool:
+        return self.output_hdas_and_paths is not None
+
+    def set_job_outputs(self, job_outputs: List[JobOutput]) -> None:
+        self.output_paths = [t[2] for t in job_outputs]
+        self.output_hdas_and_paths = {t.output_name: (t.dataset, t.dataset_path) for t in job_outputs}
+
+
 class JobIO(Dictifiable):
     dict_collection_visible_keys = (
         "job_id",
@@ -99,7 +122,6 @@ def __init__(
             user_context_instance = user_context
         self.user_context = user_context_instance
         self.sa_session = sa_session
-        self.job = job
         self.job_id = job.id
         self.working_directory = working_directory
         self.outputs_directory = outputs_directory
@@ -121,25 +143,33 @@ def __init__(
         self.is_task = is_task
         self.tool_source = tool_source
         self.tool_source_class = tool_source_class
-        self._output_paths: Optional[OutputPaths] = None
-        self._output_hdas_and_paths: Optional[OutputHdasAndType] = None
+        self.job_outputs = JobOutputs()
         self._dataset_path_rewriter: Optional[DatasetPathRewriter] = None
 
+    @property
+    def job(self):
+        return self.sa_session.query(Job).get(self.job_id)
+
     @classmethod
     def from_json(cls, path, sa_session):
         with open(path) as job_io_serialized:
             io_dict = json.load(job_io_serialized)
-        return cls.from_dict(io_dict=io_dict, sa_session=sa_session)
-
-    @classmethod
-    def from_dict(cls, io_dict, sa_session):
-        io_dict.pop("model_class")
+            # Drop in 24.0
+            io_dict.pop("model_class", None)
         job_id = io_dict.pop("job_id")
         job = sa_session.query(Job).get(job_id)
         return cls(sa_session=sa_session, job=job, **io_dict)
 
+    @classmethod
+    def from_dict(cls, io_dict, sa_session):
+        # Drop in 24.0
+        io_dict.pop("model_class", None)
+        return cls(sa_session=sa_session, **io_dict)
+
     def to_dict(self):
         io_dict = super().to_dict()
+        # dict_for will always add `model_class`, we don't need or want it
+        io_dict.pop("model_class")
         io_dict["user_context"] = self.user_context.to_dict()
         return io_dict
 
@@ -165,15 +195,15 @@ def dataset_path_rewriter(self) -> DatasetPathRewriter:
 
     @property
     def output_paths(self) -> OutputPaths:
-        if self._output_paths is None:
+        if not self.job_outputs.populated:
             self.compute_outputs()
-        return cast(OutputPaths, self._output_paths)
+        return cast(OutputPaths, self.job_outputs.output_paths)
 
     @property
     def output_hdas_and_paths(self) -> OutputHdasAndType:
-        if self._output_hdas_and_paths is None:
+        if not self.job_outputs.populated:
             self.compute_outputs()
-        return cast(OutputHdasAndType, self._output_hdas_and_paths)
+        return cast(OutputHdasAndType, self.job_outputs.output_hdas_and_paths)
 
     def get_input_dataset_fnames(self, ds: DatasetInstance) -> List[str]:
         filenames = [ds.file_name]
@@ -241,22 +271,21 @@ def compute_outputs(self) -> None:
         special = self.sa_session.query(JobExportHistoryArchive).filter_by(job=job).first()
         false_path = None
 
-        results = []
+        job_outputs = []
         for da in job.output_datasets + job.output_library_datasets:
             da_false_path = dataset_path_rewriter.rewrite_dataset_path(da.dataset, "output")
             mutable = da.dataset.dataset.external_filename is None
             dataset_path = DatasetPath(
                 da.dataset.dataset.id, da.dataset.file_name, false_path=da_false_path, mutable=mutable
             )
-            results.append((da.name, da.dataset, dataset_path))
+            job_outputs.append(JobOutput(da.name, da.dataset, dataset_path))
 
-        self._output_paths = [t[2] for t in results]
-        self._output_hdas_and_paths = {t[0]: t[1:] for t in results}
         if special:
             false_path = dataset_path_rewriter.rewrite_dataset_path(special, "output")
             dsp = DatasetPath(special.dataset.id, special.dataset.file_name, false_path)
-            self._output_paths.append(dsp)
-            self._output_hdas_and_paths["output_file"] = (special.fda, dsp)
+            job_outputs.append(JobOutput("output_file", special.fda, dsp))
+
+        self.job_outputs.set_job_outputs(job_outputs)
 
     def get_output_file_id(self, file: str) -> Optional[int]:
         for dp in self.output_paths: