ATTRIBUTIONS.txt

Attributions
------------

This software uses Open Source components in order to assist the developers to
concentrate on more important software aspects. This file contains the licenses
and link to where each project can be found.

Our dataset
-----------

We attribute the provider of our `Horne2017_FakeNewsData dataset`. Their
research paper is the below and can be found on arXiv at
https://arxiv.org/abs/1703.09398:

Horne, B. and Adali, S., 2017, May. This just in: Fake news packs a lot in
title, uses simpler, repetitive content in text body, more similar to satire
than real news. In Proceedings of the international AAAI conference on web and
social media (Vol. 11, No. 1, pp. 759-766).

The dataset is from the above paper and can be found at
https://github.com/BenjaminDHorne/fakenewsdata1.

Software
--------

The below table contains all the Python packages that are used.

Jinja2
3.1.2
BSD License
Armin Ronacher
https://palletsprojects.com/p/jinja/
A very fast and expressive template engine.

Markdown
3.4.3
BSD License
Manfred Stienstra, Yuri Takhteyev
https://Python-Markdown.github.io/
Python implementation of John Gruber's Markdown.

MarkupSafe
2.1.3
BSD License
UNKNOWN
https://palletsprojects.com/p/markupsafe/
Safely add untrusted strings to HTML/XML markup.

Pillow
10.0.0
Historical Permission Notice and Disclaimer (HPND)
Jeffrey A. Clark (Alex)
https://python-pillow.org
Python Imaging Library (Fork)

PyYAML
6.0
MIT License
Kirill Simonov
https://pyyaml.org/
YAML parser and emitter for Python

Pygments
2.15.1
BSD License
Georg Brandl <georg@python.org>
https://pygments.org
Pygments is a syntax highlighting package written in Python.

Werkzeug
2.3.6
BSD License
UNKNOWN
UNKNOWN
The comprehensive WSGI web application library.

absl-py
1.4.0
Apache Software License
The Abseil Authors
https://github.com/abseil/abseil-py
Abseil Python Common Libraries, see https://github.com/abseil/abseil-py.

anyascii
0.3.2
ISC License (ISCL)
Hunter WB <hunter@hunterwb.com>
https://github.com/anyascii/anyascii
Unicode to ASCII transliteration

asttokens
2.2.1
Apache 2.0
Dmitry Sagalovskiy, Grist Labs
https://github.com/gristlabs/asttokens
Annotate AST trees with source code positions

astunparse
1.6.3
BSD License
UNKNOWN
https://github.com/simonpercivall/astunparse
An AST unparser for Python

backcall
0.2.0
BSD License
Thomas Kluyver
https://github.com/takluyver/backcall
Specifications for callback functions passed in to an API

beautifulsoup4
4.12.2
MIT License
Leonard Richardson <leonardr@segfault.org>
https://www.crummy.com/software/BeautifulSoup/bs4/
Screen-scraping library

blis
0.7.10
BSD License
Matthew Honnibal
https://github.com/explosion/cython-blis
The Blis BLAS-like linear algebra library, as a self-contained C-extension.

cachetools
5.3.1
MIT License
Thomas Kemmer
https://github.com/tkem/cachetools/
Extensible memoizing collections and decorators

catalogue
2.0.9
MIT License
Explosion
https://github.com/explosion/catalogue
Super lightweight function registries for your library

certifi
2023.5.7
Mozilla Public License 2.0 (MPL 2.0)
Kenneth Reitz
https://github.com/certifi/python-certifi
Python package for providing Mozilla's CA Bundle.

charset-normalizer
3.1.0
MIT License
Ahmed TAHRI
https://github.com/Ousret/charset_normalizer
The Real First Universal Charset Detector. Open, modern and actively maintained alternative to Chardet.

click
8.1.3
BSD License
Armin Ronacher
https://palletsprojects.com/p/click/
Composable command line interface toolkit

cmudict
1.0.13
GNU General Public License v3 or later (GPLv3+)
David L. Day
https://github.com/prosegrinder/python-cmudict
A versioned python wrapper package for The CMU Pronouncing Dictionary data files.

comm
0.1.4
BSD License
Jupyter contributors
https://github.com/ipython/comm
Jupyter Python Comm implementation, for usage in ipykernel, xeus-python etc.

confection
0.1.1
MIT License
Explosion
https://github.com/explosion/confection
The sweetest config system for Python

contourpy
1.1.0
BSD License
Ian Thomas <ianthomas23@gmail.com>
https://github.com/contourpy/contourpy
Python library for calculating contours of 2D quadrilateral grids

contractions
0.1.73
MIT
Pascal van Kooten
https://github.com/kootenpv/contractions
Fixes contractions such as `you're` to you `are`

cssselect
1.2.0
BSD License
Ian Bicking
https://github.com/scrapy/cssselect
cssselect parses CSS3 Selectors and translates them to XPath 1.0

cycler
0.11.0
BSD License
Thomas A Caswell
https://github.com/matplotlib/cycler
Composable style cycles

cymem
2.0.7
MIT License
Matthew Honnibal
https://github.com/explosion/cymem
Manage calls to calloc/free through Cython

debugpy
1.6.7
Eclipse Public License 2.0 (EPL-2.0); MIT License
Microsoft Corporation
https://aka.ms/debugpy
An implementation of the Debug Adapter Protocol for Python

decorator
5.1.1
BSD License
Michele Simionato
https://github.com/micheles/decorator
Decorators for Humans

en-core-web-sm
3.6.0
MIT
Explosion
https://explosion.ai
English pipeline optimized for CPU. Components: tok2vec, tagger, parser, senter, ner, attribute_ruler, lemmatizer.

executing
1.2.0
MIT License
Alex Hall
https://github.com/alexmojaki/executing
Get the currently executing AST node of a frame, and other information

feedfinder2
0.0.4
MIT License
Dan Foreman-Mackey
https://github.com/dfm/feedfinder2
Find the feed URLs for a website.

feedparser
6.0.10
BSD License
Kurt McKee
https://github.com/kurtmckee/feedparser
Universal feed parser, handles RSS 0.9x, RSS 1.0, RSS 2.0, CDF, Atom 0.3, and Atom 1.0 feeds

filelock
3.12.2
The Unlicense (Unlicense)
UNKNOWN
https://github.com/tox-dev/py-filelock
A platform independent file lock.

flatbuffers
23.5.26
Apache Software License
Derek Bailey
https://google.github.io/flatbuffers/
The FlatBuffers serialization format for Python

fonttools
4.41.0
MIT License
Just van Rossum
http://github.com/fonttools/fonttools
Tools to manipulate font files

fsspec
2023.6.0
BSD License
UNKNOWN
http://github.com/fsspec/filesystem_spec
File-system specification

gast
0.4.0
BSD License
serge-sans-paille
https://github.com/serge-sans-paille/gast/
Python AST that abstracts the underlying Python version

gensim
4.3.1
LGPL-2.1-only
Radim Rehurek
http://radimrehurek.com/gensim
Python framework for fast Vector Space Modelling

google-auth
2.22.0
Apache Software License
Google Cloud Platform
https://github.com/googleapis/google-auth-library-python
Google Authentication Library

google-auth-oauthlib
1.0.0
Apache Software License
Google Cloud Platform
https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/google-auth-library-python-oauthlib
Google Authentication Library

google-pasta
0.2.0
Apache Software License
Nick Smith
https://github.com/google/pasta
pasta is an AST-based Python refactoring library

grpcio
1.56.0
Apache Software License
The gRPC Authors
https://grpc.io
HTTP/2-based RPC framework

h5py
3.9.0
BSD License
Andrew Collette <andrew.collette@gmail.com>
https://www.h5py.org/
Read and write HDF5 files from Python

huggingface-hub
0.16.4
Apache Software License
Hugging Face, Inc.
https://github.com/huggingface/huggingface_hub
Client library to download and publish models, datasets and other repos on the huggingface.co hub

idna
3.4
BSD License
Kim Davies <kim@cynosure.com.au>
https://github.com/kjd/idna
Internationalized Domain Names in Applications (IDNA)

importlib-metadata
5.2.0
Apache Software License
Jason R. Coombs
https://github.com/python/importlib_metadata
Read metadata from Python packages

importlib-resources
5.13.0
Apache Software License
Barry Warsaw
https://github.com/python/importlib_resources
Read resources from Python packages

ipykernel
6.25.0
BSD License
IPython Development Team <ipython-dev@scipy.org>
https://ipython.org
IPython Kernel for Jupyter

ipython
8.14.0
BSD License
The IPython Development Team
https://ipython.org
IPython: Productive Interactive Computing

jax
0.4.13
Apache-2.0
JAX team
https://github.com/google/jax
Differentiate, compile, and transform Numpy code.

jedi
0.19.0
MIT License
David Halter
https://github.com/davidhalter/jedi
An autocompletion tool for Python that can be used for text editors.

jieba3k
0.35.1
UNKNOWN
Sun, Junyi
http://github.com/fxsjy
Chinese Words Segementation Utilities

joblib
1.3.0
BSD License
Gael Varoquaux <gael.varoquaux@normalesup.org>
https://joblib.readthedocs.io
Lightweight pipelining with Python functions

jupyter_client
8.3.0
BSD License
Jupyter Development Team <jupyter@googlegroups.com>
https://jupyter.org
Jupyter protocol implementation and client libraries

jupyter_core
5.3.1
BSD License
Jupyter Development Team <jupyter@googlegroups.org>
https://jupyter.org
Jupyter core package. A base package on which Jupyter projects rely.

keras
2.13.1
Apache Software License
Keras team
https://keras.io/
Deep learning for humans.

kiwisolver
1.4.4
BSD License
The Nucleic Development Team <sccolbert@gmail.com>
https://github.com/nucleic/kiwi
A fast implementation of the Cassowary constraint solver

langcodes
3.3.0
MIT License
Elia Robyn Speer
https://github.com/rspeer/langcodes
Tools for labeling human languages with IETF language tags

libclang
16.0.6
Apache Software License
Tao He
https://github.com/sighingnow/libclang
Clang Python Bindings, mirrored from the official LLVM repo: https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/tree/main/clang/bindings/python, to make the installation process easier.

lxml
4.9.2
BSD License
lxml dev team
https://lxml.de/
Powerful and Pythonic XML processing library combining libxml2/libxslt with the ElementTree API.

matplotlib
3.7.2
Python Software Foundation License
John D. Hunter, Michael Droettboom
https://matplotlib.org
Python plotting package

matplotlib-inline
0.1.6
BSD 3-Clause
IPython Development Team
https://github.com/ipython/matplotlib-inline
Inline Matplotlib backend for Jupyter

ml-dtypes
0.2.0
Apache Software License
ml_dtypes authors <ml_dtypes@google.com>
https://github.com/jax-ml/ml_dtypes
UNKNOWN

murmurhash
1.0.9
MIT License
Explosion
https://github.com/explosion/murmurhash
Cython bindings for MurmurHash

nest-asyncio
1.5.7
BSD License
Ewald R. de Wit
https://github.com/erdewit/nest_asyncio
Patch asyncio to allow nested event loops

newspaper3k
0.2.8
MIT
Lucas Ou-Yang
https://github.com/codelucas/newspaper/
Simplified python article discovery & extraction.

nltk
3.8.1
Apache Software License
NLTK Team
https://www.nltk.org/
Natural Language Toolkit

numpy
1.24.3
BSD License
Travis E. Oliphant et al.
https://www.numpy.org
Fundamental package for array computing in Python

nvidia-cublas-cu11
11.11.3.6
Other/Proprietary License
Nvidia CUDA Installer Team
https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-zone
CUBLAS native runtime libraries

nvidia-cudnn-cu11
8.6.0.163
Other/Proprietary License
Nvidia CUDA Installer Team
https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-zone
cuDNN runtime libraries

oauthlib
3.2.2
BSD License
The OAuthlib Community
https://github.com/oauthlib/oauthlib
A generic, spec-compliant, thorough implementation of the OAuth request-signing logic

opt-einsum
3.3.0
MIT
Daniel Smith
https://github.com/dgasmith/opt_einsum
Optimizing numpys einsum function

packaging
23.1
Apache Software License; BSD License
Donald Stufft <donald@stufft.io>
https://github.com/pypa/packaging
Core utilities for Python packages

pandas
2.0.2
BSD License
The Pandas Development Team <pandas-dev@python.org>
https://pandas.pydata.org
Powerful data structures for data analysis, time series, and statistics

parso
0.8.3
MIT License
David Halter
https://github.com/davidhalter/parso
A Python Parser

pathy
0.10.2
Apache Software License
Justin DuJardin
https://github.com/justindujardin/pathy
pathlib.Path subclasses for local and cloud bucket storage

pexpect
4.8.0
ISC License (ISCL)
Noah Spurrier; Thomas Kluyver; Jeff Quast
https://pexpect.readthedocs.io/
Pexpect allows easy control of interactive console applications.

pickleshare
0.7.5
MIT License
Ville Vainio
https://github.com/pickleshare/pickleshare
Tiny 'shelve'-like database with concurrency support

platformdirs
3.10.0
MIT License
UNKNOWN
https://github.com/platformdirs/platformdirs
A small Python package for determining appropriate platform-specific dirs, e.g. a "user data dir".

preshed
3.0.8
MIT License
Explosion
https://github.com/explosion/preshed
Cython hash table that trusts the keys are pre-hashed

prompt-toolkit
3.0.39
BSD License
Jonathan Slenders
https://github.com/prompt-toolkit/python-prompt-toolkit
Library for building powerful interactive command lines in Python

protobuf
4.23.4
3-Clause BSD License
protobuf@googlegroups.com
https://developers.google.com/protocol-buffers/
UNKNOWN

psutil
5.9.5
BSD License
Giampaolo Rodola
https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil
Cross-platform lib for process and system monitoring in Python.

ptyprocess
0.7.0
ISC License (ISCL)
Thomas Kluyver
https://github.com/pexpect/ptyprocess
Run a subprocess in a pseudo terminal

pure-eval
0.2.2
MIT License
Alex Hall
http://github.com/alexmojaki/pure_eval
Safely evaluate AST nodes without side effects

py-readability-metrics
1.4.5
MIT License
Carmine DiMAscio
https://github.com/cdimascio/py-readability-metrics
Score text "Readability" with popular formulas and metrics including Flesch-Kincaid, Gunning Fog, ARI, Dale Chall, SMOG, Spache and more

pyahocorasick
2.0.0
BSD License
Wojciech Muła
http://github.com/WojciechMula/pyahocorasick
pyahocorasick is a fast and memory efficient library for exact or approximate multi-pattern string search.  With the ``ahocorasick.Automaton`` class, you can find multiple key string occurrences at once in some input text.  You can use it as a plain dict-like Trie or convert a Trie to an automaton for efficient Aho-Corasick search. And pickle to disk for easy reuse of large automatons. Implemented in C and tested on Python 3.6+. Works on Linux, macOS and Windows. BSD-3-Cause license.

pyasn1
0.5.0
BSD License
Ilya Etingof
https://github.com/pyasn1/pyasn1
Pure-Python implementation of ASN.1 types and DER/BER/CER codecs (X.208)

pyasn1-modules
0.3.0
BSD License
Ilya Etingof
https://github.com/pyasn1/pyasn1-modules
A collection of ASN.1-based protocols modules

pydantic
1.10.12
MIT License
Samuel Colvin
https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic
Data validation and settings management using python type hints

pyparsing
3.0.9
MIT License
Paul McGuire <ptmcg.gm+pyparsing@gmail.com>
https://github.com/pyparsing/pyparsing/
pyparsing module - Classes and methods to define and execute parsing grammars

python-dateutil
2.8.2
Apache Software License; BSD License
Gustavo Niemeyer
https://github.com/dateutil/dateutil
Extensions to the standard Python datetime module

pytz
2023.3
MIT License
Stuart Bishop
http://pythonhosted.org/pytz
World timezone definitions, modern and historical

pyzmq
25.1.0
BSD License; GNU Library or Lesser General Public License (LGPL)
Brian E. Granger, Min Ragan-Kelley
https://pyzmq.readthedocs.org
Python bindings for 0MQ

regex
2023.6.3
Apache Software License
Matthew Barnett
https://github.com/mrabarnett/mrab-regex
Alternative regular expression module, to replace re.

requests
2.31.0
Apache Software License
Kenneth Reitz
https://requests.readthedocs.io
Python HTTP for Humans.

requests-file
1.5.1
Apache Software License
David Shea
http://github.com/dashea/requests-file
File transport adapter for Requests

requests-oauthlib
1.3.1
BSD License
Kenneth Reitz
https://github.com/requests/requests-oauthlib
OAuthlib authentication support for Requests.

rsa
4.9
Apache Software License
Sybren A. Stüvel
https://stuvel.eu/rsa
Pure-Python RSA implementation

safetensors
0.3.1
Apache Software License
UNKNOWN
https://github.com/huggingface/safetensors
Fast and Safe Tensor serialization

scikit-learn
1.3.0
BSD License
UNKNOWN
http://scikit-learn.org
A set of python modules for machine learning and data mining

scipy
1.11.1
BSD License
UNKNOWN
https://scipy.org/
Fundamental algorithms for scientific computing in Python

sgmllib3k
1.0.0
BSD License
Hardcoded Software
http://hg.hardcoded.net/sgmllib
Py3k port of sgmllib.

six
1.16.0
MIT License
Benjamin Peterson
https://github.com/benjaminp/six
Python 2 and 3 compatibility utilities

smart-open
6.3.0
MIT License
Radim Rehurek
https://github.com/piskvorky/smart_open
Utils for streaming large files (S3, HDFS, GCS, Azure Blob Storage, gzip, bz2...)

soupsieve
2.4.1
MIT License
Isaac Muse <Isaac.Muse@gmail.com>
https://github.com/facelessuser/soupsieve
A modern CSS selector implementation for Beautiful Soup.

spacy
3.6.0
MIT License
Explosion
https://spacy.io
Industrial-strength Natural Language Processing (NLP) in Python

spacy-legacy
3.0.12
MIT License
Explosion
https://spacy.io
Legacy registered functions for spaCy backwards compatibility

spacy-loggers
1.0.4
MIT
Explosion
https://github.com/explosion/spacy-loggers
Logging utilities for SpaCy

spacytextblob
4.0.0
MIT License
SamEdwardes
https://github.com/SamEdwardes/spacytextblob
A TextBlob sentiment analysis pipeline component for spaCy.

srsly
2.4.7
MIT License
Explosion
https://github.com/explosion/srsly
Modern high-performance serialization utilities for Python

stack-data
0.6.2
MIT License
Alex Hall
http://github.com/alexmojaki/stack_data
Extract data from python stack frames and tracebacks for informative displays

syllables
1.0.7
GNU General Public License v3 (GPLv3); Other/Proprietary License
David L. Day
https://github.com/prosegrinder/python-syllables
A Python package for estimating the number of syllables in a word.

tensorboard
2.13.0
Apache Software License
Google Inc.
https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorboard
TensorBoard lets you watch Tensors Flow

tensorboard-data-server
0.7.1
Apache Software License
Google Inc.
https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorboard/tree/master/tensorboard/data/server
Fast data loading for TensorBoard

tensorflow
2.13.0
Apache Software License
Google Inc.
https://www.tensorflow.org/
TensorFlow is an open source machine learning framework for everyone.

tensorflow-estimator
2.13.0
Apache Software License
Google Inc.
https://www.tensorflow.org/
TensorFlow Estimator.

tensorflow-io-gcs-filesystem
0.32.0
Apache Software License
Google Inc.
https://github.com/tensorflow/io
TensorFlow IO

termcolor
2.3.0
MIT License
Konstantin Lepa <konstantin.lepa@gmail.com>
https://github.com/termcolor/termcolor
ANSI color formatting for output in terminal

textblob
0.15.3
MIT License
Steven Loria
https://github.com/sloria/TextBlob
Simple, Pythonic text processing. Sentiment analysis, part-of-speech tagging, noun phrase parsing, and more.

textsearch
0.0.24
MIT
Pascal van Kooten
https://github.com/kootenpv/textsearch
Find strings/words in text; convenience and C speed

thinc
8.1.10
MIT License
Explosion
https://github.com/explosion/thinc
A refreshing functional take on deep learning, compatible with your favorite libraries

threadpoolctl
3.1.0
BSD License
Thomas Moreau
https://github.com/joblib/threadpoolctl
threadpoolctl

tinysegmenter
0.3
BSD License
Taku Kudo
http://tinysegmenter.tuxfamily.org/
Very compact Japanese tokenizer

tldextract
3.4.4
BSD License
John Kurkowski
https://github.com/john-kurkowski/tldextract
Accurately separates a URL's subdomain, domain, and public suffix, using the Public Suffix List (PSL). By default, this includes the public ICANN TLDs and their exceptions. You can optionally support the Public Suffix List's private domains as well.

tokenizers
0.13.3
Apache Software License
Anthony MOI
https://github.com/huggingface/tokenizers
Fast and Customizable Tokenizers

tornado
6.3.2
Apache Software License
Facebook
http://www.tornadoweb.org/
Tornado is a Python web framework and asynchronous networking library, originally developed at FriendFeed.

tqdm
4.65.0
MIT License; Mozilla Public License 2.0 (MPL 2.0)
UNKNOWN
https://tqdm.github.io
Fast, Extensible Progress Meter

traitlets
5.9.0
BSD License
IPython Development Team <ipython-dev@python.org>
https://github.com/ipython/traitlets
Traitlets Python configuration system

transformers
4.30.2
Apache Software License
The Hugging Face team (past and future) with the help of all our contributors (https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/graphs/contributors)
https://github.com/huggingface/transformers
State-of-the-art Machine Learning for JAX, PyTorch and TensorFlow

typer
0.9.0
MIT License
Sebastián Ramírez
https://github.com/tiangolo/typer
Typer, build great CLIs. Easy to code. Based on Python type hints.

typing_extensions
4.5.0
Python Software Foundation License
"Guido van Rossum, Jukka Lehtosalo, Łukasz Langa, Michael Lee" <levkivskyi@gmail.com>
https://github.com/python/typing_extensions
Backported and Experimental Type Hints for Python 3.7+

tzdata
2023.3
Apache Software License
Python Software Foundation
https://github.com/python/tzdata
Provider of IANA time zone data

urllib3
1.26.16
MIT License
Andrey Petrov
https://urllib3.readthedocs.io/
HTTP library with thread-safe connection pooling, file post, and more.

wasabi
1.1.2
MIT
Explosion
https://github.com/explosion/wasabi
A lightweight console printing and formatting toolkit

wrapt
1.14.1
BSD License
Graham Dumpleton
https://github.com/GrahamDumpleton/wrapt
Module for decorators, wrappers and monkey patching.

xgboost
1.7.6
Apache Software License
UNKNOWN
https://github.com/dmlc/xgboost
XGBoost Python Package

zipp
3.16.2
MIT License
Jason R. Coombs
https://github.com/jaraco/zipp
Backport of pathlib-compatible object wrapper for zip files