diff --git a/Cargo.lock b/Cargo.lock
index 6ef9034..db3a046 100644
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
@@ -133,9 +133,9 @@ checksum = "af150ab688ff2122fcef229be89cb50dd66af9e01a4ff320cc137eecc9bacc38"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "js-sys"
-version = "0.3.66"
+version = "0.3.67"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "cee9c64da59eae3b50095c18d3e74f8b73c0b86d2792824ff01bbce68ba229ca"
+checksum = "9a1d36f1235bc969acba30b7f5990b864423a6068a10f7c90ae8f0112e3a59d1"
 dependencies = [
  "wasm-bindgen",
 ]
@@ -239,9 +239,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "serde-wasm-bindgen"
-version = "0.6.1"
+version = "0.6.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "17ba92964781421b6cef36bf0d7da26d201e96d84e1b10e7ae6ed416e516906d"
+checksum = "b9b713f70513ae1f8d92665bbbbda5c295c2cf1da5542881ae5eefe20c9af132"
 dependencies = [
  "js-sys",
  "serde",
@@ -353,9 +353,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wasm-bindgen"
-version = "0.2.89"
+version = "0.2.90"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "0ed0d4f68a3015cc185aff4db9506a015f4b96f95303897bfa23f846db54064e"
+checksum = "b1223296a201415c7fad14792dbefaace9bd52b62d33453ade1c5b5f07555406"
 dependencies = [
  "cfg-if",
  "wasm-bindgen-macro",
@@ -363,9 +363,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wasm-bindgen-backend"
-version = "0.2.89"
+version = "0.2.90"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "1b56f625e64f3a1084ded111c4d5f477df9f8c92df113852fa5a374dbda78826"
+checksum = "fcdc935b63408d58a32f8cc9738a0bffd8f05cc7c002086c6ef20b7312ad9dcd"
 dependencies = [
  "bumpalo",
  "log",
@@ -378,9 +378,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wasm-bindgen-cli-support"
-version = "0.2.89"
+version = "0.2.90"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "cf8226e223e2dfbe8f921b7f20b82d1b5d86a6b143e9d6286cca8edd16695583"
+checksum = "a875870b7b39024cbca8f61a0e1fc8edfe7ac02b484e5a9bcea64374050a850e"
 dependencies = [
  "anyhow",
  "base64",
@@ -400,9 +400,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wasm-bindgen-externref-xform"
-version = "0.2.89"
+version = "0.2.90"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "b8a719be856d8b0802c7195ca26ee6eb02cb9639a12b80be32db960ce9640cb8"
+checksum = "04c5d468dc79cfd824d181c386f34c2e7ea521ea5855ddd95af8f4cf3fa676f4"
 dependencies = [
  "anyhow",
  "walrus",
@@ -410,9 +410,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wasm-bindgen-macro"
-version = "0.2.89"
+version = "0.2.90"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "0162dbf37223cd2afce98f3d0785506dcb8d266223983e4b5b525859e6e182b2"
+checksum = "3e4c238561b2d428924c49815533a8b9121c664599558a5d9ec51f8a1740a999"
 dependencies = [
  "quote",
  "wasm-bindgen-macro-support",
@@ -420,9 +420,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wasm-bindgen-macro-support"
-version = "0.2.89"
+version = "0.2.90"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "f0eb82fcb7930ae6219a7ecfd55b217f5f0893484b7a13022ebb2b2bf20b5283"
+checksum = "bae1abb6806dc1ad9e560ed242107c0f6c84335f1749dd4e8ddb012ebd5e25a7"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
@@ -433,9 +433,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wasm-bindgen-multi-value-xform"
-version = "0.2.89"
+version = "0.2.90"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "a12766255d4b9026700376cc81894eeb62903e4414cbc94675f6f9babd9cfb76"
+checksum = "65f10c037dad45759d53b598d4737acdced90a0945023c8c6cd8d67b4b3e4eaf"
 dependencies = [
  "anyhow",
  "walrus",
@@ -443,15 +443,15 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wasm-bindgen-shared"
-version = "0.2.89"
+version = "0.2.90"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "7ab9b36309365056cd639da3134bf87fa8f3d86008abf99e612384a6eecd459f"
+checksum = "4d91413b1c31d7539ba5ef2451af3f0b833a005eb27a631cec32bc0635a8602b"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wasm-bindgen-threads-xform"
-version = "0.2.89"
+version = "0.2.90"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "13c2b14c5b9c2c7aa9dd1eb7161857de9783f40e98582e7f41f2d7c04ffdc155"
+checksum = "16ddf1a4beb1bceb2b73c2325581901ca2cd92af628f24389a678854dcd65b24"
 dependencies = [
  "anyhow",
  "walrus",
@@ -460,9 +460,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wasm-bindgen-wasm-conventions"
-version = "0.2.89"
+version = "0.2.90"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "aaedf88769cb23c6fd2e3bfed65bcbff6c5d92c8336afbd80d2dfcc8eb5cf047"
+checksum = "93f13ed8ccdac31eadcfd4c9b2ec7bd43e77454b14acb1f43189f2875a9b0391"
 dependencies = [
  "anyhow",
  "walrus",
@@ -470,9 +470,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wasm-bindgen-wasm-interpreter"
-version = "0.2.89"
+version = "0.2.90"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "a8a79039df1e0822e6d66508ec86052993deac201e26060f62abcd85e1daf951"
+checksum = "c4282a271772a3063d4057c1144e118254f207fbbc1381b8d50b23c25585d893"
 dependencies = [
  "anyhow",
  "log",
diff --git a/lib/versions.ts b/lib/versions.ts
index 06456d6..c66e833 100644
--- a/lib/versions.ts
+++ b/lib/versions.ts
@@ -4,10 +4,10 @@ interface WasmCrate {
 }
 
 export const versions = {
-  wasmBindgen: "0.2.89",
-  wasmBindgenFutures: "0.4.39",
-  jsSys: "0.3.66",
-  webSys: "0.3.66",
+  wasmBindgen: "0.2.90",
+  wasmBindgenFutures: "0.4.40",
+  jsSys: "0.3.67",
+  webSys: "0.3.67",
 };
 
 export function verifyVersions(crate: WasmCrate) {
diff --git a/lib/wasmbuild.generated.js b/lib/wasmbuild.generated.js
index a012ed9..eff63ef 100644
--- a/lib/wasmbuild.generated.js
+++ b/lib/wasmbuild.generated.js
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 // @ts-nocheck: generated
 // deno-lint-ignore-file
 // deno-fmt-ignore-file
-// source-hash: 5bc24f8aa37e22f50b7574e0f9b7626c33201586
+// source-hash: 8c7ebcf7a9b868d06cf54e54fbd4be1f8b919979
 let wasm;
 
 const heap = new Array(128).fill(undefined);
@@ -157,21 +157,25 @@ export function generate_bindgen(name, wasm_bytes) {
 
 const imports = {
   __wbindgen_placeholder__: {
-    __wbg_new_9fb8d994e1c0aaac: function () {
+    __wbg_new_3a66822ed076951c: function (arg0, arg1) {
+      const ret = new Error(getStringFromWasm0(arg0, arg1));
+      return addHeapObject(ret);
+    },
+    __wbg_new_87d841e70661f6e9: function () {
       const ret = new Object();
       return addHeapObject(ret);
     },
-    __wbg_set_8761474ad72b9bf1: function (arg0, arg1, arg2) {
+    __wbg_set_9182712abebf82ef: function (arg0, arg1, arg2) {
       getObject(arg0)[takeObject(arg1)] = takeObject(arg2);
     },
-    __wbg_new_ffc6d4d085022169: function () {
+    __wbg_new_34c624469fb1d4fd: function () {
       const ret = new Array();
       return addHeapObject(ret);
     },
-    __wbg_set_f2740edb12e318cd: function (arg0, arg1, arg2) {
+    __wbg_set_379b27f1d5f1bf9c: function (arg0, arg1, arg2) {
       getObject(arg0)[arg1 >>> 0] = takeObject(arg2);
     },
-    __wbg_set_d257c6f2da008627: function (arg0, arg1, arg2) {
+    __wbg_set_83e83bc2428e50ab: function (arg0, arg1, arg2) {
       const ret = getObject(arg0).set(getObject(arg1), getObject(arg2));
       return addHeapObject(ret);
     },
@@ -179,7 +183,7 @@ const imports = {
       const ret = arg0;
       return addHeapObject(ret);
     },
-    __wbg_String_917f38a1211cf44b: function (arg0, arg1) {
+    __wbg_String_389b54bd9d25375f: function (arg0, arg1) {
       const ret = String(getObject(arg1));
       const ptr1 = passStringToWasm0(
         ret,
@@ -190,10 +194,6 @@ const imports = {
       getInt32Memory0()[arg0 / 4 + 1] = len1;
       getInt32Memory0()[arg0 / 4 + 0] = ptr1;
     },
-    __wbg_new_a64e3f2afc2cf2f8: function (arg0, arg1) {
-      const ret = new Error(getStringFromWasm0(arg0, arg1));
-      return addHeapObject(ret);
-    },
     __wbindgen_string_new: function (arg0, arg1) {
       const ret = getStringFromWasm0(arg0, arg1);
       return addHeapObject(ret);
@@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ const imports = {
       const ret = getObject(arg0);
       return addHeapObject(ret);
     },
-    __wbg_new_bfd4534b584a9593: function () {
+    __wbg_new_ad4df4628315a892: function () {
       const ret = new Map();
       return addHeapObject(ret);
     },
@@ -223,21 +223,182 @@ const imports = {
   },
 };
 
-import { Loader } from "../loader/mod.js";
-import { cacheToLocalDir } from "../loader/cache.ts";
+/** @param {URL | string} url */
+export async function fetchWithRetries(url, maxRetries = 5) {
+  let sleepMs = 250;
+  let iterationCount = 0;
+  while (true) {
+    iterationCount++;
+    try {
+      const res = await fetch(url);
+      if (res.ok || iterationCount > maxRetries) {
+        return res;
+      }
+    } catch (err) {
+      if (iterationCount > maxRetries) {
+        throw err;
+      }
+    }
+    console.warn(`Failed fetching. Retrying in ${sleepMs}ms...`);
+    await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, sleepMs));
+    sleepMs = Math.min(sleepMs * 2, 10_000);
+  }
+}
 
-const loader = new Loader({
-  imports,
-  cache: cacheToLocalDir,
-});
 /**
- * Decompression callback
- *
  * @callback DecompressCallback
  * @param {Uint8Array} compressed
- * @return {Uint8Array} decompressed
+ * @returns {Uint8Array} decompressed
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @callback CacheCallback
+ * @param {URL} url
+ * @param {DecompressCallback | undefined} decompress
+ * @returns {Promise<URL |Uint8Array>}
  */
 
+/**
+ * @typedef LoaderOptions
+ * @property {WebAssembly.Imports | undefined} imports - The Wasm module's imports.
+ * @property {CacheCallback} [cache] - A function that caches the Wasm module to
+ * a local path so that a network request isn't required on every load.
+ *
+ * Returns an ArrayBuffer with the bytes on download success, but cache save failure.
+ */
+
+export class Loader {
+  /** @type {LoaderOptions} */
+  #options;
+  /** @type {Promise<WebAssembly.WebAssemblyInstantiatedSource> | undefined} */
+  #lastLoadPromise;
+  /** @type {WebAssembly.WebAssemblyInstantiatedSource | undefined} */
+  #instantiated;
+
+  /** @param {LoaderOptions} options */
+  constructor(options) {
+    this.#options = options;
+  }
+
+  /** @returns {WebAssembly.Instance | undefined} */
+  get instance() {
+    return this.#instantiated?.instance;
+  }
+
+  /** @returns {WebAssembly.Module | undefined} */
+  get module() {
+    return this.#instantiated?.module;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @param {URL} url
+   * @param {DecompressCallback | undefined} decompress
+   * @returns {Promise<WebAssembly.WebAssemblyInstantiatedSource>}
+   */
+  load(
+    url,
+    decompress,
+  ) {
+    if (this.#instantiated) {
+      return Promise.resolve(this.#instantiated);
+    } else if (this.#lastLoadPromise == null) {
+      this.#lastLoadPromise = (async () => {
+        try {
+          this.#instantiated = await this.#instantiate(url, decompress);
+          return this.#instantiated;
+        } finally {
+          this.#lastLoadPromise = undefined;
+        }
+      })();
+    }
+    return this.#lastLoadPromise;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @param {URL} url
+   * @param {DecompressCallback | undefined} decompress
+   */
+  async #instantiate(url, decompress) {
+    const imports = this.#options.imports;
+    if (this.#options.cache != null && url.protocol !== "file:") {
+      try {
+        const result = await this.#options.cache(
+          url,
+          decompress ?? ((bytes) => bytes),
+        );
+        if (result instanceof URL) {
+          url = result;
+          decompress = undefined; // already decompressed
+        } else if (result != null) {
+          return WebAssembly.instantiate(result, imports);
+        }
+      } catch {
+        // ignore if caching ever fails (ex. when on deploy)
+      }
+    }
+
+    const isFile = url.protocol === "file:";
+
+    // make file urls work in Node via dnt
+    const isNode =
+      (/** @type {any} */ (globalThis)).process?.versions?.node != null;
+    if (isFile && typeof Deno !== "object") {
+      throw new Error(
+        "Loading local files are not supported in this environment",
+      );
+    }
+    if (isNode && isFile) {
+      // the deno global will be shimmed by dnt
+      const wasmCode = await Deno.readFile(url);
+      return WebAssembly.instantiate(
+        decompress ? decompress(wasmCode) : wasmCode,
+        imports,
+      );
+    }
+
+    switch (url.protocol) {
+      case "file:":
+      case "https:":
+      case "http:": {
+        const wasmResponse = await fetchWithRetries(url);
+        if (decompress) {
+          const wasmCode = new Uint8Array(await wasmResponse.arrayBuffer());
+          return WebAssembly.instantiate(decompress(wasmCode), imports);
+        }
+        if (
+          isFile ||
+          wasmResponse.headers.get("content-type")?.toLowerCase()
+            .startsWith("application/wasm")
+        ) {
+          return WebAssembly.instantiateStreaming(
+            // Cast to any so there's no type checking issues with dnt
+            // (https://github.com/denoland/wasmbuild/issues/92)
+            /** @type {any} */ (wasmResponse),
+            imports,
+          );
+        } else {
+          return WebAssembly.instantiate(
+            await wasmResponse.arrayBuffer(),
+            imports,
+          );
+        }
+      }
+      default:
+        throw new Error(`Unsupported protocol: ${url.protocol}`);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+const isNodeOrDeno = typeof Deno === "object" ||
+  (typeof process !== "undefined" && process.versions != null &&
+    process.versions.node != null);
+
+const loader = new Loader({
+  imports,
+  cache: isNodeOrDeno
+    ? (await import("../loader/cache.ts")).cacheToLocalDir
+    : undefined,
+});
 /**
  * Options for instantiating a Wasm instance.
  * @typedef {Object} InstantiateOptions
diff --git a/lib/wasmbuild_bg.wasm b/lib/wasmbuild_bg.wasm
index dee8051..dcb230f 100644
Binary files a/lib/wasmbuild_bg.wasm and b/lib/wasmbuild_bg.wasm differ
diff --git a/rs_lib/Cargo.toml b/rs_lib/Cargo.toml
index 346f686..c91dde7 100644
--- a/rs_lib/Cargo.toml
+++ b/rs_lib/Cargo.toml
@@ -8,9 +8,9 @@ crate_type = ["cdylib"]
 
 [dependencies]
 anyhow = "1.0.75"
-js-sys = "0.3.66"
+js-sys = "0.3.67"
 serde = { version = "1.0.193", features = ["derive", "rc"] }
 # make sure to update the version in lib/versions.ts to match this version
-wasm-bindgen = "0.2.89"
-wasm-bindgen-cli-support = "0.2.89"
-serde-wasm-bindgen = "0.6.1"
\ No newline at end of file
+wasm-bindgen = "0.2.90"
+wasm-bindgen-cli-support = "0.2.90"
+serde-wasm-bindgen = "0.6.3"
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/rust-toolchain.toml b/rust-toolchain.toml
index 5369ff0..76958ae 100644
--- a/rust-toolchain.toml
+++ b/rust-toolchain.toml
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 [toolchain]
-channel = "1.74.0"
+channel = "1.75.0"
 components = [ "clippy", "rustfmt" ]
diff --git a/tests/Cargo.toml b/tests/Cargo.toml
index b6efe89..24c012c 100644
--- a/tests/Cargo.toml
+++ b/tests/Cargo.toml
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ authors = ["the Deno authors"]
 license = "MIT"
 
 [dependencies]
-wasm-bindgen = "0.2.89"
+wasm-bindgen = "0.2.90"
 
 [lib]
 name = "deno_test"