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Intel(R) Software Guard Extensions for Linux* OS

linux-sgx

Introduction

Intel(R) Software Guard Extensions (Intel(R) SGX) is an Intel technology for application developers seeking to protect select code and data from disclosure or modification.

The Linux* Intel(R) SGX software stack is comprised of the Intel(R) SGX driver, the Intel(R) SGX SDK, and the Intel(R) SGX Platform Software (PSW). The Intel(R) SGX SDK and Intel(R) SGX PSW are hosted in the linux-sgx project.

The SGXDataCenterAttestationPrimitives project maintains an out-of-tree driver for the Linux* Intel(R) SGX software stack, which will be used until the driver upstreaming process is complete. It is used on the platforms with Flexible Launch Control and Intel(R) AES New Instructions support and could support both Elliptic Curve Digital Signature algorithm (ECDSA) based attestation and Enhanced Privacy Identification (EPID) based attestation.

Note: Ice Lake Xeon-SP (and the future Xeon-SP platforms) doesn't support EPID attestation.

The linux-sgx-driver project hosts the other out-of-tree driver for the Linux* Intel(R) SGX software stack, which will be used until the driver upstreaming process is complete. It is used to support Enhanced Privacy Identification (EPID) based attestation on the platforms without Flexible Launch Control.

The intel-device-plugins-for-kubernetes project enables users to run container applications running Intel(R) SGX enclaves in Kubernetes clusters. It also gives instructions how to set up ECDSA based attestation in a cluster.

The intel-sgx-ssl project provides a full-strength general purpose cryptography library for Intel(R) SGX enclave applications. It is based on the underlying OpenSSL* Open Source project. Intel(R) SGX provides a build combination to build out a SGXSSL based SDK as below. Users could also utilize this cryptography library in SGX enclave applications seperately.

This repository provides a reference implementation of a Launch Enclave for 'Flexible Launch Control' under psw/ae/ref_le. The reference LE implementation can be used as a basis for enforcing different launch control policy by the platform developer or owner. To build and try it by yourself, please refer to the ref_le.md for details.

License

See License.txt for details.

Contributing

See CONTRIBUTING.md for details.

Documentation

Quick Start with Docker and Docker Compose

  • Build PSW and SDK from source. See this README for details.
$ cd docker/build && ./build_compose_run.sh
  • Use prebuilt PSW and SDK downloaded from 01.org. See this README for details.
$ cd linux/installer/docker && ./build_compose_run.sh

Build and Install the Intel(R) SGX Driver

Follow the README.md in the SGXDataCenterAttestationPrimitives project to build and install the Intel(R) SGX driver.
NOTE: The above Intel(R) SGX driver requires Flexible Launch Control and Intel(R) AES New Instructions support. If your platform doesn't meet the requirement, please follow the instructions in the linux-sgx-driver project to build and install this version of Intel(R) SGX driver.

Build the Intel(R) SGX SDK and Intel(R) SGX PSW Package

Prerequisites:

  • Ensure that you have one of the following required operating systems:

    • Ubuntu* 18.04 LTS Desktop 64bits
    • Ubuntu* 18.04 LTS Server 64bits
    • Ubuntu* 20.04 LTS Desktop 64bits
    • Ubuntu* 20.04 LTS Server 64bits
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 8.2 64bits
    • CentOS 8.2 64bits

  • Use the following command(s) to install the required tools to build the Intel(R) SGX SDK:

    • On Ubuntu 18.04:
      $ sudo apt-get install build-essential ocaml ocamlbuild automake autoconf libtool wget python libssl-dev git cmake perl
    • On Ubuntu 20.04:
      $ sudo apt-get install build-essential ocaml ocamlbuild automake autoconf libtool wget python-is-python3 libssl-dev git cmake perl
    • On Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.2:
      $ sudo yum groupinstall 'Development Tools'
  $ sudo yum install ocaml ocaml-ocamlbuild wget python2 openssl-devel git cmake perl
  $ sudo alternatives --set python /usr/bin/python2
    • On CentOS 8.2:
      $ sudo dnf group install 'Development Tools'
  $ sudo dnf --enablerepo=PowerTools install ocaml ocaml-ocamlbuild redhat-rpm-config openssl-devel wget rpm-build git cmake perl python2
  $ sudo alternatives --set python /usr/bin/python2

    Note: To build Intel(R) SGX SDK, gcc version is required to be 7.3 or above and glibc version is required to be 2.27 or above.

  • Use the following command to install additional required tools and latest Intel(R) SGX SDK Installer to build the Intel(R) SGX PSW:

    1. To install the additional required tools:
      • On Ubuntu 18.04 and Ubuntu 20.04:
        $ sudo apt-get install libssl-dev libcurl4-openssl-dev protobuf-compiler libprotobuf-dev debhelper cmake reprepro unzip
      • On Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.2:
        $ sudo yum install openssl-devel libcurl-devel protobuf-devel cmake rpm-build createrepo yum-utils
      • On CentOS 8.2:
        $ sudo dnf --enablerepo=PowerTools install openssl-devel libcurl-devel protobuf-devel cmake rpm-build createrepo yum-utils
    2. To install latest Intel(R) SGX SDK Installer Ensure that you have downloaded latest Intel(R) SGX SDK Installer from the Intel(R) SGX SDK and followed the Installation Guide in the same page to install latest Intel(R) SGX SDK Installer.

  • Download the source code and prepare the submodules and prebuilt binaries:

   $ git clone https://github.com/intel/linux-sgx.git
   $ cd linux-sgx && make preparation

The above make preparation would trigger the script download_prebuilt.sh to download the prebuilt binaries. You may need to set an https proxy for the wget tool used by the script (such as export https_proxy=http://test-proxy:test-port)

  • Copy the mitigation tools corresponding to current OS distribution from external/toolset/{current_distr} to /usr/local/bin and make sure they have execute permission: 
      $ sudo cp external/toolset/{current_distr}/* /usr/local/bin
  $ which ar as ld objcopy objdump ranlib
    Note: The above action is a must even if you copied the previous mitigation tools to /usr/local/bin before. It ensures the updated mitigation tools are used in the later build.

Build the Intel(R) SGX SDK and Intel(R) SGX SDK Installer

  • To build Intel(R) SGX SDK with default configuration, enter the following command:
  $ make sdk

You can find the three flavors of tools and libraries generated in the build directory.

  • This repository supports to build the Intel(R) SGX SDK with below three combinations:
    • USE_OPT_LIBS=0 --- build SDK using SGXSSL and open sourced String/Math
    • USE_OPT_LIBS=1 --- build SDK using optimized IPP crypto and open sourced String/Math
    • USE_OPT_LIBS=2 --- build SDK with no mitigation using SGXSSL and optimized String/Math
    • USE_OPT_LIBS=3 --- build SDK with no mitigation using IPP crypto and optimized String/Math
      The default build uses USE_OPT_LIBS=1, if you directly type $ make sdk as above. You can switch to the other build combinations instead by entering the following command:
  $ make sdk USE_OPT_LIBS=0

or

  $ make sdk_no_mitigation USE_OPT_LIBS=2

or

  $ make sdk_no_mitigation USE_OPT_LIBS=3

Note: Building the Intel(R) SGX PSW with open sourced SGXSSL/string/math libraries is not supported. Note: Building mitigation SDK with USE_OPT_LIBS=2 or USE_OPT_LIBS=3 is not allowed.

  • To build Intel(R) SGX SDK with debug information, enter the following command:
  $ make sdk DEBUG=1
  • To clean the files generated by previous make sdk command, enter the following command:
  $ make clean
  • To build the Intel(R) SGX SDK installer, enter the following command:
  $ make sdk_install_pkg

You can find the generated Intel(R) SGX SDK installer sgx_linux_x64_sdk_${version}.bin located under linux/installer/bin/, where ${version} refers to the version number.

Note: The above command builds the Intel(R) SGX SDK with default configuration firstly and then generates the target SDK Installer. To build the Intel(R) SGX SDK Installer with debug information kept in the tools and libraries, enter the following command:

  $ make sdk_install_pkg DEBUG=1

Build the Intel(R) SGX PSW and Intel(R) SGX PSW Installer

  • To build Intel(R) SGX PSW with default configuration, enter the following command:
  $ make psw

You can find the tools and libraries generated in the build/linux directory. Note: You can also go to the psw folder and use the make command to build the Intel(R) SGX PSW component only.

  • To build Intel(R) SGX PSW with debug information, enter the following command:
  $ make psw DEBUG=1
  • To clean the files generated by previous make psw command, enter the following command:
  $ make clean
  • The build above uses prebuilt Intel(R) Architecture Enclaves(LE/PvE/QE/PCE) - the files psw/ae/data/prebuilt/libsgx_*.signed.so, which have been signed by Intel in advance. To build those enclaves by yourself (without a signature), first you need to install latest Intel(R) SGX SDK from the Intel(R) SGX SDK and then build PSW with the default configuration. After that, you can build each Architecture Enclave by using the make command from the corresponding folder:
  $ cd psw/ae/le
  $ make

  • To build the Intel(R) SGX PSW installer, enter the following command:

    • On Ubuntu 18.04 and Ubuntu 20.04:
    $ make deb_psw_pkg

    You can find the generated Intel(R) SGX PSW installers located under linux/installer/deb/libsgx-urts, linux/installer/deb/libsgx-enclave-common, linux/installer/deb/libsgx-uae-service, linux/installer/deb/libsgx-epid, linux/installer/deb/libsgx-launch, linux/installer/deb/libsgx-quote-ex and linux/installer/deb/sgx-aesm-service respectively.

    Note: On Ubuntu 18.04 and Ubuntu 20.04, besides the Intel(R) SGX PSW installer, the above command generates another debug symbol package named package-name-dbgsym_${version}-${revision}_amd64.ddeb for debug purpose. Note: Starting with the 2.10 release, besides the Intel(R) SGX PSW installer, the above command generates SGXDataCenterAttestationPrimitives installers as well.

    Note: The above command builds the Intel(R) SGX PSW with default configuration firstly and then generates the target PSW Installer. To build the Intel(R) SGX PSW Installer without optimization and with full debug information kept in the tools and libraries, enter the following command:

    $ make deb_psw_pkg DEBUG=1
    • On Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.2 and CentOS 8.2:
    $ make rpm_psw_pkg

    You can find the generated Intel(R) SGX PSW installers located under linux/installer/rpm/libsgx-urts, linux/installer/rpm/libsgx-enclave-common, linux/installer/rpm/libsgx-uae-service, linux/installer/rpm/libsgx-epid, linux/installer/rpm/libsgx-launch, linux/installer/rpm/libsgx-quote-ex and linux/installer/rpm/sgx-aesm-service respectively.

    Note: The above command builds the Intel(R) SGX PSW with default configuration firstly and then generates the target PSW Installer. To build the Intel(R) SGX PSW Installer with debug information kept in the tools and libraries, enter the following command:

    $ make rpm_psw_pkg DEBUG=1
    • To build local Debian package repository, enter the following command:
    $ make deb_local_repo

    You can find the local package repository located under linux/installer/deb/sgx_debian_local_repo.

    Note: The above command builds the local package repository. If you want to use it, you need to add it to the system repository configuration. The local package repository is not signed, you need to trust it for the purpose of development.

    • To add the local Debian package repository to the system repository configuration, append the following line to /etc/apt/sources.list. You need to replace PATH_TO_LOCAL_REPO with the proper path on your system:
    • On Ubuntu 18.04:
    deb [trusted=yes arch=amd64] file:/PATH_TO_LOCAL_REPO bionic main
    • On Ubuntu 20.04:
    deb [trusted=yes arch=amd64] file:/PATH_TO_LOCAL_REPO focal main

    After that, you need to update the apt:

    • On Ubuntu 18.04 and Ubuntu 20.04:
    $ sudo apt update
    • To build local RPM package repository, enter the following command:
    $ make rpm_local_repo

    You can find the local package repository located under linux/installer/rpm/sgx_rpm_local_repo.

    Note: The above command builds the local package repository. If you want to use it, you need to add it to the system repository configuration. Since the local package repository is not signed with GPG, you should ignore the gpgcheck when installing the packages.

    • To add the local RPM package repository to the system repository configuration, you can use the following command. You need to replace PATH_TO_LOCAL_REPO with the proper path on your system:
    • On Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.2 and CentOS 8.2:
    $ sudo yum-config-manager --add-repo file://PATH_TO_LOCAL_REPO
    • To ignore the gpgcheck when you install the package, enter the following command:
    • On Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.2 and CentOS 8.2:
    $ sudo yum --nogpgcheck install <package>

Install the Intel(R) SGX SDK

Prerequisites

  • Ensure that you have one of the following operating systems:
    • Ubuntu* 18.04 LTS Desktop 64bits
    • Ubuntu* 18.04 LTS Server 64bits
    • Ubuntu* 20.04 LTS Desktop 64bits
    • Ubuntu* 20.04 LTS Server 64bits
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 8.2 64bits
    • CentOS 8.2 64bits
  • Use the following command to install the required tool to use Intel(R) SGX SDK:
    • On Ubuntu 18.04 and Ubuntu 20.04:
      $ sudo apt-get install build-essential python
    • On Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.2 and CentOS 8.2:
       $ sudo yum groupinstall 'Development Tools'
   $ sudo yum install python2
   $ sudo alternatives --set python /usr/bin/python2

Install the Intel(R) SGX SDK

To install the Intel(R) SGX SDK, invoke the installer, as follows:

$ cd linux/installer/bin
$ ./sgx_linux_x64_sdk_${version}.bin

The above command requires you to specify the installation path. You can use the following command to use the non-interactive installation mode:

$ cd linux/installer/bin
$ ./sgx_linux_x64_sdk_${version}.bin --prefix {SDK_INSTALL_PATH_PREFIX}

NOTE: You need to set up the needed environment variables before compiling your code. To do so, run:

  $ source ${sgx-sdk-install-path}/environment

Test the Intel(R) SGX SDK Package with the Code Samples

  • Compile and run each code sample in Simulation mode to make sure the package works well:
  $ cd ${sgx-sdk-install-path}/SampleCode/LocalAttestation
  $ make SGX_MODE=SIM
  $ cd bin
  $ ./app

Use similar commands for other sample codes.

Compile and Run the Code Samples in the Hardware Mode

If you use an Intel SGX hardware enabled machine, you can run the code samples in Hardware mode. Ensure that you install Intel(R) SGX driver and Intel(R) SGX PSW installer on the machine.
See the earlier topic, Build and Install the Intel(R) SGX Driver, for information on how to install the Intel(R) SGX driver.
See the later topic, Install Intel(R) SGX PSW, for information on how to install the PSW package.

  • Compile and run each code sample in Hardware mode, Debug build, as follows:
  $ cd ${sgx-sdk-install-path}/SampleCode/LocalAttestation
  $ make
  $ cd bin
  $ ./app

Use similar commands for other code samples.

Install the Intel(R) SGX PSW

Prerequisites

  • Ensure that you have one of the following operating systems:
    • Ubuntu* 18.04 LTS Desktop 64bits
    • Ubuntu* 18.04 LTS Server 64bits
    • Ubuntu* 20.04 LTS Desktop 64bits
    • Ubuntu* 20.04 LTS Server 64bits
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 8.2 64bits
    • CentOS 8.2 64bits
  • Ensure that you have a system with the following required hardware:
    • 6th Generation Intel(R) Core(TM) Processor or newer
  • Configure the system with the Intel SGX hardware enabled option and install Intel(R) SGX driver in advance.
    See the earlier topic, Build and Install the Intel(R) SGX Driver, for information on how to install the Intel(R) SGX driver.
  • Install the library using the following command:
    • On Ubuntu 18.04 and Ubuntu 20.04:
      $ sudo apt-get install libssl-dev libcurl4-openssl-dev libprotobuf-dev
    • On Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.2:
      $ sudo yum install openssl-devel libcurl-devel protobuf-devel
    • On CentOS 8.2:
      $ sudo dnf --enablerepo=PowerTools install libcurl-devel protobuf-devel

Install the Intel(R) SGX PSW

The SGX PSW provides 3 services: launch, EPID-based attestation, and algorithm agnostic attestation. Starting with the 2.8 release, the SGX PSW is split into smaller packages and the user can choose which features and services to install. There are 2 methods to install the required packages: Using individual packages or using the local repo generated by the build system. Using the local repo is recommended since the system will resolve the dependencies automatically. Currently, we support .deb and .rpm based repos.

Using the local repo(recommended)

Ubuntu 18.04 and Ubuntu 20.04 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.2, CentOS 8.2
launch service apt-get install libsgx-launch libsgx-urts yum install libsgx-launch libsgx-urts
EPID-based attestation service apt-get install libsgx-epid libsgx-urts yum install libsgx-epid libsgx-urts
algorithm agnostic attestation service apt-get install libsgx-quote-ex libsgx-urts yum install libsgx-quote-ex libsgx-urts
DCAP ECDSA-based service apt-get install libsgx-dcap-ql yum install libsgx-dcap-ql

Optionally, you can install *-dbgsym or *-debuginfo packages to get the debug symbols, and install *-dev or *-devel packages to get the header files for development.

Using the individual packages

Please refer Intel_SGX_Installation_Guide_Linux for detail.

Upgrade from a legacy installation

Sometimes we will split old package into smaller ones or move file between different packages. In such cases, you will encounter error messages like: "dpkg: error processing archive ....(--unpack): trying to overwrite ...". You can use 2 methods to address it.

  • Uninstall the old installation first, then install new packages.
  • Add -o Dpkg::Options::="--force-overwrite" option to overwrite existing files and use “dist-upgrade” instead of "upgrade" to install new packages when upgrading. In short, you should use this command:
apt-get dist-upgrade -o Dpkg::Options::="--force-overwrite"

Configure the installation

Some packages are configured with recommended dependency on other packages that are not required for certain usage. For instance, the background daemon is not required for container usage. It will be installed by default, but you can drop it by using the additional option during the installation.

  • On Ubuntu 18.04 and Ubuntu 20.04:
  --no-install-recommends

NOTE On rpm based system, rpmbuild>=4.12 is required to enable similar features.

ECDSA attestation

To enable ECDSA attestation

  • Ensure that you have the following required hardware:
    • 8th Generation Intel(R) Core(TM) Processor or newer with Flexible Launch Control support*
    • Intel(R) Atom(TM) Processor with Flexible Launch Control support*
  • To use ECDSA attestation, you must install Intel(R) Software Guard Extensions Driver for Data Center Attestation Primitives (Intel(R) SGX DCAP). Please follow the Intel(R) SGX DCAP Installation Guide for Linux* OS to install the Intel(R) SGX DCAP driver.

NOTE: If you had already installed Intel(R) SGX driver without ECDSA attestation, please uninstall the driver firstly and then install the Intel(R) SGX DCAP driver. Otherwise the newly installed Intel(R) SGX DCAP driver will be unworkable.

  • Install Quote Provider Library(QPL). You can use your own customized QPL or use default QPL provided by Intel(libsgx-dcap-default-qpl)

  • Install PCK Caching Service. For how to install and configure PCK Caching Service, please refer to SGXDataCenterAttestationPrimitives

  • Ensure the PCK Caching Service is setup correctly by local administrator or data center administrator. Also make sure that the configure file of quote provider library (/etc/sgx_default_qcnl.conf) is consistent with the real environment, for example: PCS_URL=https://your_pcs_server:8081/sgx/certification/v1/

Start or Stop aesmd Service

The Intel(R) SGX PSW installer installs an aesmd service in your machine, which is running in a special linux account aesmd.
To stop the service: $ sudo service aesmd stop
To start the service: $ sudo service aesmd start
To restart the service: $ sudo service aesmd restart

Configure the Proxy for aesmd Service

The aesmd service uses the HTTP protocol to initialize some services.
If a proxy is required for the HTTP protocol, you may need to manually set up the proxy for the aesmd service.
You should manually edit the file /etc/aesmd.conf (refer to the comments in the file) to set the proxy for the aesmd service.
After you configure the proxy, you need to restart the service to enable the proxy.

Reproducibility

Intel(R) SGX is providing several prebuilt binaries. All the prebuilt binaries are built from a reproducible environment in SGX docker container. To reproduce the prebuilt binaries, please follow the reproducibility README.md to prepare the SGX docker container and build out the binaries you want to verify. Most of the binaries could be verified utilizing Linux system command diff, except Intel(R) AEs. Please refer to the README.md for how to verify the reproducibililty of the built out AEs.

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Intel SGX for Linux*

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