urban-water-security-v1.nlogo

breed [residents resident]

residents-own [
  income                    ; agents received a unique but fixed income per household
  infrastructure            ; the performance of infrastructure is a function of public and private infrastructure
  private-infrastructure    ; private infrastructure of the household
  damage                    ; absolute level of infrastructure dependent on the market value of the property and the level of infrastructure to dampen the impact of events
  past-events               ; intensity of events in past x time steps
  private-invest            ; every time step the agent decides to invest or not in private infrastructure
  order                     ; ordering residents on income
  intensity                 ; intensity of events experienced at household level
  decile
]

patches-own [
  price                     ; average income of residents in this neighborhood impacting property value and absolute level of damage
  public-infrastructure     ; level of public infrastructure in the neighborhood
  damagelevel               ; mean damage of residents in the neighborhood
  nrresidents               ; the number of residents in the neighborhood
  public-invest             ; amount of public investment in neighborhood infrastructure
  past-damagelevels         ; sum of damage of residents in the neighborhood in the past x time steps
  past-incomelevels         ; sum of income of residents in the neighborhood in the past x time steps
  relativedamage            ; the relative damage of residents received during the last x time steps
]

globals [
  gini-price                ; average gini coefficient of the prices of houses in all neighborhoods
  gini-damage
  average-damage            ; average damage as fraction of income of residents
  cum-average-damage        ; cumulated damage after tick 400
  cum-public-infrastructure ; cumulated public infrastructure after tick 400
  cum-private-infrastructure ; cumulated private infrastructure after tick 400
 ; alpha beta                ; parameter of the Cobb-Douglass production of infrastructure performance
 ; decay-public decay-private ; decay rates of public and private infrastructure
  budget                    ; budget to be allocated each tick
  priority-invest           ; scenario that defined priority how to invest budget
  first-decile-average-damage
  second-decile-average-damage
  third-decile-average-damage
  fourth-decile-average-damage
  fifth-decile-average-damage
  sixth-decile-average-damage
  seventh-decile-average-damage
  eighth-decile-average-damage
  ninth-decile-average-damage
  tenth-decile-average-damage
  first-decile-cum-average-damage
  second-decile-cum-average-damage
  third-decile-cum-average-damage
  fourth-decile-cum-average-damage
  fifth-decile-cum-average-damage
  sixth-decile-cum-average-damage
  seventh-decile-cum-average-damage
  eighth-decile-cum-average-damage
  ninth-decile-cum-average-damage
  tenth-decile-cum-average-damage
  first-decile-cum-private-infrastructure
  second-decile-cum-private-infrastructure
  third-decile-cum-private-infrastructure
  fourth-decile-cum-private-infrastructure
  fifth-decile-cum-private-infrastructure
  sixth-decile-cum-private-infrastructure
  seventh-decile-cum-private-infrastructure
  eighth-decile-cum-private-infrastructure
  ninth-decile-cum-private-infrastructure
  tenth-decile-cum-private-infrastructure
]

to setup
  clear-all     ; Essentially clears everything in the model
  set-default-shape residents "circle"     ; Specifies a default initial shape for all residents you create afterwards
  let number-residents 36 * 49
  create-residents number-residents [
    set income exp (random-normal 0 0.5)
    set size 0.1
    set damage 0
    set infrastructure 1
    set private-infrastructure 1
    set past-events [0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1]
  ]
  let i 0     ; ...........................................................................................
  foreach sort-on [income] residents
  [ the-turtle -> ask the-turtle [ set order i set i i + 1 ] ]

ask residents [
   if 0 < order and order <= 176.4 [set decile 1] if 176.4 < order and order <= 352.8 [set decile 2] if 352.8 < order and order <= 529.2 [set decile 3]
   if 529.2 < order and order <= 705.6 [set decile 4] if 705.6 < order and order <= 882 [set decile 5] if 882 < order and order <= 1058.4 [set decile 6]
    if 1058.4 < order and order <= 1234.8 [set decile 7] if 1234.8 < order and order <= 1411.2 [set decile 8] if 1411.2 < order and order <= 1587.6 [set decile 9] if 1587.6 < order and order <= 1764 [set decile 10]
  ]

  let order-i 0
  ask patches [
    set pcolor white
    set i 0
    let j 0
    let patchnumber pxcor + pxcor * 6
    let pxcor-patch pxcor
    let pycor-patch pycor

    let qj (patchnumber + 1) / (49 - 1) + (1 - 2 * (patchnumber + 1) / (49 - 1)) * 7
    set qj qj * 36
    set qj int qj
    let order-j 0
    while [order-j < 36] [
      ask one-of residents with [order = order-i] [
        set xcor pxcor-patch - 0.35 + 0.14 * i
        set ycor pycor-patch - 0.35 + 0.14 * j
        set i i + 1
        if i mod 6 = 0 [set j j + 1 set i 0]
        set order-i order-i + 1
        set order-j order-j + 1
      ]
    ]
    set public-infrastructure 1
  ]     ; .................................................................................................
  ; create some space to move

  ask patches [
    set price mean [income] of residents-here
    set damagelevel mean [damage] of residents-here
    set past-damagelevels [0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0]
    set past-incomelevels [1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1]
  ]
 ; set alpha 0.4
 ; set beta 0.4
;  set decay-public 0.02
;  set decay-private 0.03

  if priority-public-investments = "low infrastructure" [set priority-invest 0]
  if priority-public-investments = "recent high damage" [set priority-invest 1]
  if priority-public-investments = "recent high relative damage" [set priority-invest 2]

  reset-ticks
  update-colors
end

to go
  events
  update-infrastructure
  update-colors
  tick
end

to update-colors
  ask patches [
    set price 0.001
    set damagelevel 0
    if count residents-here > 0 [
      set price mean [income] of residents-here
      set damagelevel mean [damage] of residents-here
    ]
  ]
  if visualization = "income" [
    ask patches [set pcolor scale-color green price 0 10]
    ask residents [set color scale-color red income 0 10]
  ]
  if visualization = "damage" [
    ask patches [set pcolor scale-color red damagelevel 0 0.1]
    ask residents [set color scale-color red damage 0 1]
  ]
  if visualization = "infrastructure" [
    ask patches [
        ifelse count residents-here > 0
        [
          set pcolor scale-color blue mean [infrastructure] of residents-here 0 2
       ][
         set pcolor white
       ]
    ]
  ]

  set gini-price 0
  set gini-damage 0
  let i 0
  let j 0
  while [i < 7]
  [
    while [j < 7]
    [
      let i2 0
      let j2 0
      while [i2 < 7]
      [
        while [j2 < 7]
        [
          set gini-price gini-price + abs ([price] of patch i j - [price] of patch i2 j2)
          set gini-damage gini-damage + abs (([damagelevel] of patch i j / [price] of patch i j) - ([damagelevel] of patch i2 j2 / [price] of patch i2 j2))
          set j2 j2 + 1
        ]
       set j2 0
        set i2 i2 + 1
      ]
      set j j + 1
    ]
    set j 0
    set i i + 1
  ]

  set gini-price gini-price / (2 * mean [price] of patches * 49 * 49)
  if mean [damagelevel] of patches > 0 [
    set gini-damage gini-damage / (2 * mean [damagelevel] of patches * 49 * 49)]

  set average-damage sum [damage] of residents / sum [income] of residents
  if ticks >= 100 [
    set cum-average-damage cum-average-damage + average-damage
    set cum-public-infrastructure cum-public-infrastructure + mean [public-infrastructure] of patches
    set cum-private-infrastructure cum-private-infrastructure + mean [private-infrastructure] of residents
  ]

  set first-decile-average-damage sum [damage] of residents with [decile = 1] / sum [income] of residents with [decile = 1]
  if ticks >= 100 [
    set first-decile-cum-average-damage first-decile-cum-average-damage + first-decile-average-damage
    set first-decile-cum-private-infrastructure first-decile-cum-private-infrastructure + mean [private-infrastructure] of residents with [decile = 1]
  ]
   ; show first-decile-cum-average-damage
    ;show first-decile-cum-private-infrastructure

    set second-decile-average-damage sum [damage] of residents with [decile = 2] / sum [income] of residents with [decile = 2]
  if ticks >= 100 [
    set second-decile-cum-average-damage second-decile-cum-average-damage + second-decile-average-damage
    set second-decile-cum-private-infrastructure second-decile-cum-private-infrastructure + mean [private-infrastructure] of residents with [decile = 2]
  ]
   ; show second-decile-cum-private-infrastructure

    set third-decile-average-damage sum [damage] of residents with [decile = 3] / sum [income] of residents with [decile = 3]
  if ticks >= 100 [
    set third-decile-cum-average-damage third-decile-cum-average-damage + third-decile-average-damage
    set third-decile-cum-private-infrastructure third-decile-cum-private-infrastructure + mean [private-infrastructure] of residents with [decile = 3]
  ]

    set fourth-decile-average-damage sum [damage] of residents with [decile = 4] / sum [income] of residents with [decile = 4]
  if ticks >= 100 [
    set fourth-decile-cum-average-damage fourth-decile-cum-average-damage + fourth-decile-average-damage
    set fourth-decile-cum-private-infrastructure fourth-decile-cum-private-infrastructure + mean [private-infrastructure] of residents with [decile = 4]
  ]

    set fifth-decile-average-damage sum [damage] of residents with [decile = 5] / sum [income] of residents with [decile = 5]
  if ticks >= 100 [
    set fifth-decile-cum-average-damage fifth-decile-cum-average-damage + fifth-decile-average-damage
    set fifth-decile-cum-private-infrastructure fifth-decile-cum-private-infrastructure + mean [private-infrastructure] of residents with [decile = 5]
  ]

    set sixth-decile-average-damage sum [damage] of residents with [decile = 6] / sum [income] of residents with [decile = 6]
  if ticks >= 100 [
    set sixth-decile-cum-average-damage sixth-decile-cum-average-damage + sixth-decile-average-damage
    set sixth-decile-cum-private-infrastructure sixth-decile-cum-private-infrastructure + mean [private-infrastructure] of residents with [decile = 6]
  ]

    set seventh-decile-average-damage sum [damage] of residents with [decile = 7] / sum [income] of residents with [decile = 7]
  if ticks >= 100 [
    set seventh-decile-cum-average-damage seventh-decile-cum-average-damage + seventh-decile-average-damage
    set seventh-decile-cum-private-infrastructure seventh-decile-cum-private-infrastructure + mean [private-infrastructure] of residents with [decile = 7]
  ]

    set eighth-decile-average-damage sum [damage] of residents with [decile = 8] / sum [income] of residents with [decile = 8]
  if ticks >= 100 [
    set eighth-decile-cum-average-damage eighth-decile-cum-average-damage + eighth-decile-average-damage
    set eighth-decile-cum-private-infrastructure eighth-decile-cum-private-infrastructure + mean [private-infrastructure] of residents with [decile = 8]
  ]

    set ninth-decile-average-damage sum [damage] of residents with [decile = 9] / sum [income] of residents with [decile = 9]
  if ticks >= 100 [
    set ninth-decile-cum-average-damage ninth-decile-cum-average-damage + ninth-decile-average-damage
    set ninth-decile-cum-private-infrastructure ninth-decile-cum-private-infrastructure + mean [private-infrastructure] of residents with [decile = 9]
  ]

    set tenth-decile-average-damage sum [damage] of residents with [decile = 10] / sum [income] of residents with [decile = 10]
if ticks >= 100 [
    set tenth-decile-cum-average-damage tenth-decile-cum-average-damage + tenth-decile-average-damage
    set tenth-decile-cum-private-infrastructure tenth-decile-cum-private-infrastructure + mean [private-infrastructure] of residents with [decile = 10]
  ]


  ; ask residents with [order >= (0.9 * 36 * 49)] [set sum-damage-rich sum-damage-rich + damage set sum-income-rich sum-income-rich + income]
  ; set rich-average-damage sum-damage-rich / sum-income-rich


  ask patches [
    set i 0
    set j 0
    ask residents-here [

      set xcor pxcor - 0.35 + 0.14 * i
      set ycor pycor - 0.35 + 0.14 * j
      set i i + 1
      if i mod 6 = 0 [set j j + 1 set i 0]
    ]
  ]

  ask patches [set nrresidents count residents-here]
end


to update-infrastructure
  set budget budget-scen
  ask patches [
    set public-infrastructure public-infrastructure * (1 - decay-public)
  ]
  ask residents [
    set private-infrastructure private-infrastructure * (1 - decay-private)
  ]
  ask residents [
    set infrastructure (public-infrastructure ^ alpha) * (private-infrastructure ^ beta)
  ]

  private-infrastructure-provision
  public-infrastructure-provision
end

to private-infrastructure-provision

  ; calculate benefit of investing one unit in private infrastructure
  ask residents [
   let i 0
   let e-lessdamage 0
   let e-infrastructure (public-infrastructure ^ alpha) * ((private-infrastructure + 1) ^ beta)
    ; If a resident had one more unit of private infrastructure in the previous 10 time steps, how much less would his damage be on average
   while [i < 10]
   [
      if item i past-events > 0 [
        set e-lessdamage e-lessdamage + price * (1 - (dmax / (1 + exp (gamma * (item i past-events - infrastructure))))) - price * (1 - (dmax / (1 + exp (gamma * (item i past-events - e-infrastructure)))))
      ]
     set i i + 1
   ]
    ifelse (e-lessdamage / 10) >= 0.1 [set private-invest 1][set private-invest 0]
    set private-infrastructure private-infrastructure + private-invest
    set infrastructure (public-infrastructure ^ alpha) * (private-infrastructure ^ beta)
  ]
end

to public-infrastructure-provision
  ask patches [ set public-invest 0]

  ; foreach sort-on [size] turtles
  ; [ the-turtle -> ask the-turtle [ do-something ] ]: turtles run "do-something" one at a time, in ascending order by size

  ; prioritize neighborhoods with low infrastructure
  if priority-invest = 0 [
    foreach sort-on [public-infrastructure] patches [
      the-patch -> ask the-patch [if budget > 0 [set public-invest 1 set budget budget - 1]]
    ]
  ]
  ; prioritize neighborhoods with high damage in last 10 ticks
  if priority-invest = 1 [
    foreach sort-on [(- mean past-damagelevels)] patches [     ; sort-on [reporter] agentset
      the-patch -> ask the-patch [if budget > 0 [set public-invest 1 set budget budget - 1]]
    ]
  ]
  ; prioritize neighbors with relative high damage related to income
  if priority-invest = 2 [
    foreach sort-on [(- relativedamage)] patches [
      the-patch -> ask the-patch [if budget > 0 [set public-invest 1 set budget budget - 1]]
    ]
  ]
  ask patches [
    set public-infrastructure public-infrastructure + public-invest
  ]
  ask residents [
   set infrastructure (public-infrastructure ^ alpha) * (private-infrastructure ^ beta)
  ]
end

to events
  let intensity-c random-exponential event-exp
  ask residents [set damage 0 set intensity intensity-c]
  ; individual events

  ask residents [
    set intensity intensity + random-exponential event-exp
  ]
  ask patches [
    let intensity-n random-exponential event-exp
    ask residents-here [
      set intensity intensity + intensity-n]
  ]
;  ask residents [
;     set intensity intensity-scen
;  ]
  ask residents [
  ;  show price
  ;  show (1 - dmax / (1 + exp (gamma * (intensity - infrastructure))))
  ;  show intensity
  ;  show infrastructure

       set damage price * (1 - (dmax / (1 + exp (gamma * (intensity - infrastructure)))))
   ;     show damage
   ; show "z"
       set past-events remove-item 0 past-events
       set past-events lput intensity past-events
  ]

  ask patches [
    set past-damagelevels remove-item 0 past-damagelevels
    set past-damagelevels lput (sum [damage] of residents-here) past-damagelevels
    set past-incomelevels remove-item 0 past-incomelevels
    set past-incomelevels lput (sum [income] of residents-here) past-incomelevels
    set relativedamage 0
    if mean past-incomelevels > 0 [
      set relativedamage mean past-damagelevels / mean past-incomelevels
    ]
  ]
end
@#$#@#$#@
GRAPHICS-WINDOW
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10
568
369
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-1
50.0
1
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0
6
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ticks
30.0

BUTTON
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NIL
setup
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T
OBSERVER
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NIL
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BUTTON
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NIL
go
T
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T
OBSERVER
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SLIDER
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dmax
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HORIZONTAL

SLIDER
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gamma
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BUTTON
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go
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OBSERVER
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CHOOSER
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visualization
visualization
"income" "damage" "infrastructure"
2

PLOT
570
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Gini house prices
NIL
NIL
0.0
10.0
0.0
1.0
true
false
"" ""
PENS
"default" 1.0 0 -16777216 true "" "plot gini-price"
"pen-1" 1.0 0 -5298144 true "" "plot gini-damage"
"intensity" 1.0 0 -14070903 true "" "plot mean [intensity] of residents / 10"

PLOT
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relative damage
NIL
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true
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"" ""
PENS
"default" 1.0 0 -16777216 true "" "plot average-damage"

PLOT
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131
investments
NIL
NIL
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10.0
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1.0
true
true
"" ""
PENS
"private" 1.0 0 -14070903 true "" "plot mean [private-invest] of residents"
"public" 1.0 0 -5298144 true "" "plot mean [public-invest] of patches"

PLOT
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1216
130
infrastructure
NIL
NIL
0.0
10.0
0.0
2.0
true
true
"" ""
PENS
"total" 1.0 0 -16777216 true "" "plot mean [infrastructure] of residents"
"private" 1.0 0 -13840069 true "" "plot mean [private-infrastructure] of residents"
"public" 1.0 0 -13345367 true "" "plot mean [public-infrastructure] of patches"

SLIDER
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budget-scen
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NIL
HORIZONTAL

CHOOSER
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375
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420
priority-public-investments
priority-public-investments
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2

SLIDER
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alpha
alpha
0
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NIL
HORIZONTAL

SLIDER
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beta
beta
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NIL
HORIZONTAL

SLIDER
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decay-public
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NIL
HORIZONTAL

SLIDER
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decay-private
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NIL
HORIZONTAL

SLIDER
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event-exp
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NIL
HORIZONTAL

SLIDER
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395
intensity-scen
intensity-scen
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0.1
1
NIL
HORIZONTAL

@#$#@#$#@
## WHAT IS IT?

(a general understanding of what the model is trying to show or explain)

## HOW IT WORKS

(what rules the agents use to create the overall behavior of the model)

## HOW TO USE IT

(how to use the model, including a description of each of the items in the Interface tab)

## THINGS TO NOTICE

(suggested things for the user to notice while running the model)

## THINGS TO TRY

(suggested things for the user to try to do (move sliders, switches, etc.) with the model)

## EXTENDING THE MODEL

(suggested things to add or change in the Code tab to make the model more complicated, detailed, accurate, etc.)

## NETLOGO FEATURES

(interesting or unusual features of NetLogo that the model uses, particularly in the Code tab; or where workarounds were needed for missing features)

## RELATED MODELS

(models in the NetLogo Models Library and elsewhere which are of related interest)

## CREDITS AND REFERENCES

(a reference to the model's URL on the web if it has one, as well as any other necessary credits, citations, and links)
@#$#@#$#@
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