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HTML.html
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
<head>
<title>HTML</title>
<!-- 2014-09-04 Thu 22:22 -->
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8"/>
<meta name="generator" content="Org-mode"/>
<meta name="author" content="Jim Blomo"/>
<style type="text/css">
<!--/*--><![CDATA[/*><!--*/
.title { text-align: center; }
.todo { font-family: monospace; color: red; }
.done { color: green; }
.tag { background-color: #eee; font-family: monospace;
padding: 2px; font-size: 80%; font-weight: normal; }
.timestamp { color: #bebebe; }
.timestamp-kwd { color: #5f9ea0; }
.right { margin-left: auto; margin-right: 0px; text-align: right; }
.left { margin-left: 0px; margin-right: auto; text-align: left; }
.center { margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center; }
.underline { text-decoration: underline; }
#postamble p, #preamble p { font-size: 90%; margin: .2em; }
p.verse { margin-left: 3%; }
pre {
border: 1px solid #ccc;
box-shadow: 3px 3px 3px #eee;
padding: 8pt;
font-family: monospace;
overflow: auto;
margin: 1.2em;
}
pre.src {
position: relative;
overflow: visible;
padding-top: 1.2em;
}
pre.src:before {
display: none;
position: absolute;
background-color: white;
top: -10px;
right: 10px;
padding: 3px;
border: 1px solid black;
}
pre.src:hover:before { display: inline;}
pre.src-sh:before { content: 'sh'; }
pre.src-bash:before { content: 'sh'; }
pre.src-emacs-lisp:before { content: 'Emacs Lisp'; }
pre.src-R:before { content: 'R'; }
pre.src-perl:before { content: 'Perl'; }
pre.src-java:before { content: 'Java'; }
pre.src-sql:before { content: 'SQL'; }
table { border-collapse:collapse; }
td, th { vertical-align:top; }
th.right { text-align: center; }
th.left { text-align: center; }
th.center { text-align: center; }
td.right { text-align: right; }
td.left { text-align: left; }
td.center { text-align: center; }
dt { font-weight: bold; }
.footpara:nth-child(2) { display: inline; }
.footpara { display: block; }
.footdef { margin-bottom: 1em; }
.figure { padding: 1em; }
.figure p { text-align: center; }
.inlinetask {
padding: 10px;
border: 2px solid gray;
margin: 10px;
background: #ffffcc;
}
#org-div-home-and-up
{ text-align: right; font-size: 70%; white-space: nowrap; }
textarea { overflow-x: auto; }
.linenr { font-size: smaller }
.code-highlighted { background-color: #ffff00; }
.org-info-js_info-navigation { border-style: none; }
#org-info-js_console-label
{ font-size: 10px; font-weight: bold; white-space: nowrap; }
.org-info-js_search-highlight
{ background-color: #ffff00; color: #000000; font-weight: bold; }
/*]]>*/-->
</style>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="production/common.css" />
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="production/screen.css" media="screen" />
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="production/projection.css" media="projection" />
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="production/color-blue.css" media="projection" />
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="production/presenter.css" media="presenter" />
<link href='http://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Lobster+Two:700|Yanone+Kaffeesatz:700|Open+Sans' rel='stylesheet' type='text/css'>
<script type="text/javascript">
/*
@licstart The following is the entire license notice for the
JavaScript code in this tag.
Copyright (C) 2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
The JavaScript code in this tag is free software: you can
redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU
General Public License (GNU GPL) as published by the Free Software
Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option)
any later version. The code is distributed WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY;
without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU GPL for more details.
As additional permission under GNU GPL version 3 section 7, you
may distribute non-source (e.g., minimized or compacted) forms of
that code without the copy of the GNU GPL normally required by
section 4, provided you include this license notice and a URL
through which recipients can access the Corresponding Source.
@licend The above is the entire license notice
for the JavaScript code in this tag.
*/
<!--/*--><![CDATA[/*><!--*/
function CodeHighlightOn(elem, id)
{
var target = document.getElementById(id);
if(null != target) {
elem.cacheClassElem = elem.className;
elem.cacheClassTarget = target.className;
target.className = "code-highlighted";
elem.className = "code-highlighted";
}
}
function CodeHighlightOff(elem, id)
{
var target = document.getElementById(id);
if(elem.cacheClassElem)
elem.className = elem.cacheClassElem;
if(elem.cacheClassTarget)
target.className = elem.cacheClassTarget;
}
/*]]>*///-->
</script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="content">
<h1 class="title">HTML</h1>
<div id="table-of-contents">
<h2>Table of Contents</h2>
<div id="text-table-of-contents">
<ul>
<li><a href="#sec-1">1. Announcements</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#sec-1-1">1.1. Review Questions</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#sec-2">2. <b>HTML</b> HyperText Markup Language</a></li>
<li><a href="#sec-3">3. What is <b>HyperText</b></a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#sec-3-1">3.1. Answer</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#sec-4">4. Let's start simple</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#sec-4-1">4.1. What about headers?</a></li>
<li><a href="#sec-4-2">4.2. Bold? Italics?</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#sec-5">5. What is hard to encode in this scheme?</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#sec-5-1">5.1. Difficult</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#sec-6">6. Why Text?</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#sec-6-1">6.1. Alternatives?</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#sec-7">7. Raw Bytes</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#sec-7-1">7.1. Difficulties</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#sec-8">8. Take a step back</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#sec-8-1">8.1. HTML</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#sec-9">9. Markup</a></li>
<li><a href="#sec-10">10. Tags (Elements)</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#sec-10-1">10.1. Terminology</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#sec-11">11. A story</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#sec-11-1">11.1. A long, long time ago</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#sec-12">12. The Blink Tag</a></li>
<li><a href="#sec-13">13. Semantic Meaning</a></li>
<li><a href="#sec-14">14. Bad Examples</a></li>
<li><a href="#sec-15">15. Good Examples</a></li>
<li><a href="#sec-16">16. XHTML → HTML4.01 → HTML5</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#sec-16-1">16.1. XML</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#sec-17">17. Convoluted History</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#sec-17-1">17.1. Explanation</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#sec-18">18. Who decides this stuff?</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#sec-18-1">18.1. HTML5 still not done</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#sec-19">19. How?</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#sec-19-1">19.1. Phases</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#sec-20">20. Request For Comments</a></li>
<li><a href="#sec-21">21. Start Simple</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#sec-21-1">21.1. Not complete</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#sec-22">22. Add a Section Header</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#sec-22-1">22.1. What's the more important tag for HTML?</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#sec-23">23. Link Tag (a)</a></li>
<li><a href="#sec-24">24. Attributes</a></li>
<li><a href="#sec-25">25. Tables Have Nested Tags</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#sec-25-1">25.1. DOM Tree</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#sec-26">26. Draw a Tree</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#sec-26-1">26.1. Tree</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#sec-27">27. Bullets</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#sec-27-1">27.1. Unordered List</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#sec-28">28. Head / Body</a></li>
<li><a href="#sec-29">29. Don't loose your head</a></li>
<li><a href="#sec-30">30. HTML Version:slide:</a></li>
<li><a href="#sec-31">31. How do you load CSS?</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#sec-31-1">31.1. Placement of tags</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#sec-32">32. Why Head?</a></li>
<li><a href="#sec-33">33. Summary</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-sec-1" class="outline-2">
<h2 id="sec-1"><span class="section-number-2">1</span> Announcements   <span class="tag"><span class="slide">slide</span></span></h2>
<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-1">
<ul class="org-ul">
<li><a href="https://piazza.com/berkeley/fall2014/info253/home">Piazza</a>: Great place
to post questions
</li>
<li>Do not merge Pull Requests, instructors will close after grading
</li>
<li>Want tutoring? Keien Ohta
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-sec-1-1" class="outline-3">
<h3 id="sec-1-1"><span class="section-number-3">1.1</span> Review Questions   <span class="tag"><span class="notes">notes</span></span></h3>
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-1-1">
<ul class="org-ul">
<li>What is composability?
</li>
<li>Why is HTML composable?
</li>
<li>Why would you <b>not</b> want a composable system?
</li>
<li>What's another example of a HyperText language?
</li>
<li>What's the difference between a Language and a Protocol?
</li>
<li>What are examples of Protocols used by the Internet?
</li>
<li>What does a browser do?
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-sec-2" class="outline-2">
<h2 id="sec-2"><span class="section-number-2">2</span> <b>HTML</b> HyperText Markup Language   <span class="tag"><span class="slide">slide</span></span></h2>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-sec-3" class="outline-2">
<h2 id="sec-3"><span class="section-number-2">3</span> What is <b>HyperText</b>   <span class="tag"><span class="slide">slide</span></span></h2>
<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-3">
</div><div id="outline-container-sec-3-1" class="outline-3">
<h3 id="sec-3-1"><span class="section-number-3">3.1</span> Answer   <span class="tag"><span class="notes">notes</span></span></h3>
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-3-1">
<ul class="org-ul">
<li>Text with references to other text
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-sec-4" class="outline-2">
<h2 id="sec-4"><span class="section-number-2">4</span> Let's start simple   <span class="tag"><span class="slide">slide</span></span></h2>
<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-4">
<ul class="org-ul">
<li>Text
</li>
<li>with links
</li>
</ul>
<div class="org-src-container">
<pre class="src src-text">This college is
[[http://berkeley.edu][Berkeley]]
</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-sec-4-1" class="outline-3">
<h3 id="sec-4-1"><span class="section-number-3">4.1</span> What about headers?   <span class="tag"><span class="slide">slide</span></span></h3>
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-4-1">
<ul class="org-ul">
<li>We can add "stars" to the beginning of sections
</li>
</ul>
<div class="org-src-container">
<pre class="src src-text">* Main Header
Important stuff in this
paragraph...
** This is a "level 2" header
Info supporting main section,
specific to this subsection...
</pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-sec-4-2" class="outline-3">
<h3 id="sec-4-2"><span class="section-number-3">4.2</span> Bold? Italics?   <span class="tag"><span class="slide">slide</span></span></h3>
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-4-2">
<ul class="org-ul">
<li>"earmuffs" "goal posts"
</li>
</ul>
<div class="org-src-container">
<pre class="src src-markdown"><span style="color: #a0522d; font-style: italic;">*important stuff*</span> /foreign phrases/
</pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-sec-5" class="outline-2">
<h2 id="sec-5"><span class="section-number-2">5</span> What is hard to encode in this scheme?   <span class="tag"><span class="slide">slide</span> <span class="animate">animate</span></span></h2>
<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-5">
<ul class="org-ul">
<li>&color&
</li>
<li>| tables |
</li>
<li>/*nested/*
</li>
<li>fonts?
</li>
<li>Normal use of characters? <code>2 * 3 * 4 = 24</code>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-sec-5-1" class="outline-3">
<h3 id="sec-5-1"><span class="section-number-3">5.1</span> Difficult   <span class="tag"><span class="notes">notes</span></span></h3>
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-5-1">
<ul class="org-ul">
<li>Color
</li>
<li>Columns (sidebars)
</li>
<li>Nested formatting
</li>
<li>Fonts
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-sec-6" class="outline-2">
<h2 id="sec-6"><span class="section-number-2">6</span> Why Text?   <span class="tag"><span class="slide">slide</span></span></h2>
<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-6">
<ul class="org-ul">
<li>Computers store streams of bits
</li>
<li>Hard for a person to read
</li>
<li>Instead, store streams of characters
</li>
<li>Lowest level, most flexible format that can be easily understood
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-sec-6-1" class="outline-3">
<h3 id="sec-6-1"><span class="section-number-3">6.1</span> Alternatives?   <span class="tag"><span class="notes">notes</span></span></h3>
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-6-1">
<ul class="org-ul">
<li>Word is WYSIWYG, but how is it stored on disk?
</li>
<li>bits aren't blue, red, bigger, smaller
</li>
<li>styling is stored with bytes
</li>
<li>What if you wanted to peer into the file, understand why something didn't
look the right color? Humans can't read bytes easily
</li>
<li>Store in text: easier to understand an manipulate
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-sec-7" class="outline-2">
<h2 id="sec-7"><span class="section-number-2">7</span> Raw Bytes   <span class="tag"><span class="slide">slide</span></span></h2>
<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-7">
<ul class="org-ul">
<li>Some formats store raw bytes
</li>
</ul>
<div class="org-src-container">
<pre class="src src-xxd">00449e0: 0304 2112 3141 0551 1361 2206 7181 9132 ..!.1A.Q.a".q..2
00449f0: a1b1 f014 c1d1 e123 4215 5262 72f1 3324 .......#B.Rbr.3$
0044a00: 3443 8216 9253 25a2 63b2 c207 73d2 35e2 4C...S%.c...s.5.
0044a10: 4483 1754 9308 090a 1819 2636 451a 2764 D..T......&6E.'d
0044a20: 7455 37f2 a3b3 c328 29d3 e3f3 8494 a4b4 tU7....().......
0044a30: c4d4 e4f4 6575 8595 a5b5 c5d5 e5f5 4656 ....eu........FV
</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-sec-7-1" class="outline-3">
<h3 id="sec-7-1"><span class="section-number-3">7.1</span> Difficulties   <span class="tag"><span class="notes">notes</span></span></h3>
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-7-1">
<ul class="org-ul">
<li>Early days of computing, lucky to have an editor period
</li>
<li>So raw data had to be easy for a human to manipulate and code against
</li>
<li>Still dominant format for code, dont' want to be limited by your editor
(eg. Word)
</li>
<li>Sometimes exactly formating a page is more imporant than generating it,
modifying it, etc. Still a place for PDF/Word, but not a good fit for an
open, composible data format
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-sec-8" class="outline-2">
<h2 id="sec-8"><span class="section-number-2">8</span> Take a step back   <span class="tag"><span class="slide">slide</span></span></h2>
<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-8">
<ul class="org-ul">
<li>Instead of thinking up clever characters to emulate, be explicit
</li>
<li>THIS IS BOLD: "hello"
</li>
<li>THIS IS ITALIC: "world"
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-sec-8-1" class="outline-3">
<h3 id="sec-8-1"><span class="section-number-3">8.1</span> HTML   <span class="tag"><span class="notes">notes</span></span></h3>
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-8-1">
<ul class="org-ul">
<li>So: for the WWW we want text based format, that is flexible yet understandable
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-sec-9" class="outline-2">
<h2 id="sec-9"><span class="section-number-2">9</span> Markup   <span class="tag"><span class="slide">slide</span></span></h2>
<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-9">
<ul class="org-ul">
<li>annotation to existing text
</li>
</ul>
<div class="org-src-container">
<pre class="src src-html"><<span style="color: #0000ff;">strong</span>><span style="font-weight: bold;">hello</span></<span style="color: #0000ff;">strong</span>>
<<span style="color: #0000ff;">em</span>><span style="text-decoration: underline;">world</span></<span style="color: #0000ff;">em</span>>
</pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-sec-10" class="outline-2">
<h2 id="sec-10"><span class="section-number-2">10</span> Tags (Elements)   <span class="tag"><span class="slide">slide</span></span></h2>
<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-10">
<ul class="org-ul">
<li>tags wrapped in angle brackets
</li>
<li>enclose affected text
</li>
<li>have <b>semantic</b> meaning
</li>
<li>can nest
</li>
</ul>
<div class="org-src-container">
<pre class="src src-html"><<span style="color: #0000ff;">strong</span>><<span style="color: #0000ff;">em</span>><span style="text-decoration: underline;">hello</span></<span style="color: #0000ff;">em</span>></<span style="color: #0000ff;">strong</span>>
</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-sec-10-1" class="outline-3">
<h3 id="sec-10-1"><span class="section-number-3">10.1</span> Terminology   <span class="tag"><span class="notes">notes</span></span></h3>
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-10-1">
<dl class="org-dl">
<dt> Tag </dt><dd>the text marker that wraps text. Think opening and closing tags.
</dd>
<dt> Element </dt><dd>The logical item denoted by the tags. Think of the entity in a
DOM
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-sec-11" class="outline-2">
<h2 id="sec-11"><span class="section-number-2">11</span> A story   <span class="tag"><span class="slide">slide</span></span></h2>
<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-11">
<div class="figure">
<p><img src="img/Lynx-wikipedia.png" alt="Lynx-wikipedia.png"/></p>
</div>
<ul class="org-ul">
<li>Lynx
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-sec-11-1" class="outline-3">
<h3 id="sec-11-1"><span class="section-number-3">11.1</span> A long, long time ago   <span class="tag"><span class="notes">notes</span></span></h3>
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-11-1">
<ul class="org-ul">
<li>Author of Lynx was wondering what features his text-only browser would
share with the next gen browsers
</li>
<li>Almost the only thing was the ability to blink
</li>
<li>Big Joke: a blink tag
</li>
<li>Come next morning there it was
</li>
<li>Then the advertisers got a hold of it
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-sec-12" class="outline-2">
<h2 id="sec-12"><span class="section-number-2">12</span> The Blink Tag   <span class="tag"><span class="slide">slide</span></span></h2>
<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-12">
<ul class="org-ul">
<li>"simply evil" - Jakob Nielson
</li>
<li>"please make it stop" - everyone, everywhere
</li>
</ul>
<div class="org-src-container">
<pre class="src src-html"><<span style="color: #0000ff;">blink</span>><span style="background-color: #b4eeb4;">BLINK!</span></<span style="color: #0000ff;">blink</span>>
</pre>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">
function blink() {
var blinks = document.getElementsByTagName('blink');
for (var i = blinks.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
var s = blinks[i];
s.style.visibility = (s.style.visibility === 'visible') ? 'hidden' : 'visible';
}
window.setTimeout(blink, 1000);
}
if (document.addEventListener) document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", blink, false);
else if (window.addEventListener) window.addEventListener("load", blink, false);
else if (window.attachEvent) window.attachEvent("onload", blink);
else window.onload = blink;
</script>
<blink><h1><b>BLINK!</b></h1></blink>
</div>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-sec-13" class="outline-2">
<h2 id="sec-13"><span class="section-number-2">13</span> Semantic Meaning   <span class="tag"><span class="slide">slide</span></span></h2>
<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-13">
<ul class="org-ul">
<li>blink tag also violates semantic rule
</li>
<li>Tags should contain semantic meaning, not presentation
</li>
<li>Improves accessibility
</li>
<li>Clear line between HTML and CSS
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-sec-14" class="outline-2">
<h2 id="sec-14"><span class="section-number-2">14</span> Bad Examples   <span class="tag"><span class="slide">slide</span></span></h2>
<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-14">
<ul class="org-ul">
<li><font> <center> <i>
</li>
<li>Why?
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-sec-15" class="outline-2">
<h2 id="sec-15"><span class="section-number-2">15</span> Good Examples   <span class="tag"><span class="slide">slide</span></span></h2>
<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-15">
<ul class="org-ul">
<li><span> <strong> <em>
</li>
<li>client can style these however it chooses (with help from CSS)
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-sec-16" class="outline-2">
<h2 id="sec-16"><span class="section-number-2">16</span> XHTML → HTML4.01 → HTML5   <span class="tag"><span class="slide">slide</span></span></h2>
<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-16">
<ul class="org-ul">
<li>Use "HTML5" and check if your target browsers support it
</li>
<li>Convoluted history
</li>
<li>XML: eXtensible Markup Language
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-sec-16-1" class="outline-3">
<h3 id="sec-16-1"><span class="section-number-3">16.1</span> XML   <span class="tag"><span class="notes">notes</span></span></h3>
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-16-1">
<ul class="org-ul">
<li>XML also a markup language
</li>
<li>Designed to carry data and be extensible
</li>
<li>Had very rigorous requirements designed to make it easy to parse by
machines
</li>
<li>ended up being very heavyweight for human use
</li>
<li>and we don't want much extensibility with HTML anyway
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-sec-17" class="outline-2">
<h2 id="sec-17"><span class="section-number-2">17</span> Convoluted History   <span class="tag"><span class="slide">slide</span> <span class="two_col">two_col</span></span></h2>
<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-17">
<dl class="org-dl">
<dt> HTML </dt><dd>hippies
</dd>
<dt> XHTML </dt><dd>reformed hippies
</dd>
<dt> XHTML2.0 </dt><dd>fresh start
</dd>
<dt> HTML5 </dt><dd>Eh, too hard. Let's be hipsters instead!
</dd>
</dl>
<div class="figure">
<p><img src="img/hippie.jpg" alt="hippie.jpg"/></p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-sec-17-1" class="outline-3">
<h3 id="sec-17-1"><span class="section-number-3">17.1</span> Explanation   <span class="tag"><span class="notes">notes</span></span></h3>
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-17-1">
<dl class="org-dl">
<dt> HTML </dt><dd>hippies, anything goes! blink tag, font tag, very mixed browser
support
</dd>
<dt> XHTML </dt><dd>reformed hippies, this is too crazy, bring in XML verboseness.
Very strict about what tags could be closed, used, etc
</dd>
<dt> XHTML2.0 </dt><dd>fresh start, break compatibility… but never completed
</dd>
<dt> HTML5 </dt><dd>hipsters, learned from their parents, but focused on looking
cool. Support for crazy new features (canvas for drawing graphics), but
stayed semantic, runs on mobile
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-sec-18" class="outline-2">
<h2 id="sec-18"><span class="section-number-2">18</span> Who decides this stuff?   <span class="tag"><span class="slide">slide</span></span></h2>
<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-18">
<ul class="org-ul">
<li><a href="http://www.w3.org">World Wide Web Consortium</a>
</li>
<li>Authority on standards
</li>
<li>Ideas are often tried in browsers, then suggested as standards, then
accepted
</li>
<li>Can be a multi-year process
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-sec-18-1" class="outline-3">
<h3 id="sec-18-1"><span class="section-number-3">18.1</span> HTML5 still not done   <span class="tag"><span class="notes">notes</span></span></h3>
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-18-1">
<ul class="org-ul">
<li>HTML5 is a "candidate recommendation", meaning they still may update it,
but probably won't remove any features
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-sec-19" class="outline-2">
<h2 id="sec-19"><span class="section-number-2">19</span> How?   <span class="tag"><span class="slide">slide</span></span></h2>
<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-19">
<ul class="org-ul">
<li>Committees!
</li>
<li>Recommendations
</li>
<li>Request For Comments (RFC)
</li>
</ul>
<div class="org-src-container">
<pre class="src src-text">Request for Comments on Request for Comments
Instructions to RFC Authors
Status of this Memo
This RFC specifies a standard for the Internet community. Authors of
RFCs are expected to adopt and implement this standard. Distribution
of this memo is unlimited.
</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-sec-19-1" class="outline-3">
<h3 id="sec-19-1"><span class="section-number-3">19.1</span> Phases   <span class="tag"><span class="notes">notes</span></span></h3>
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-19-1">
<ul class="org-ul">
<li>HTML typically goes through W3 process: Working Draft, Candidate
Recommendation (feedback from implementers), Proposed Rec (submitted),
W3C Rec (fully out as a standard)
</li>
<li>Internet technologies (Internet Engineering Task Force) typically use RFC
process: send out a proposal for peer review, some get accepted
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-sec-20" class="outline-2">
<h2 id="sec-20"><span class="section-number-2">20</span> Request For Comments   <span class="tag"><span class="slide">slide</span> <span class="two_col">two_col</span></span></h2>
<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-20">
<div class="figure">
<p><img src="img/Homing_pigeon.jpg" alt="Homing_pigeon.jpg"/></p>
</div>
<ul class="org-ul">
<li>Anyone can write an RFC
</li>
<li><a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1149">A Standard for the Transmission of IP Datagrams on Avian Carriers</a>
</li>
<li>MUST SHOULD MAY
<ul class="org-ul">
<li>Phrasing itself is in <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2119.txt">RFC 2119</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-sec-21" class="outline-2">
<h2 id="sec-21"><span class="section-number-2">21</span> Start Simple   <span class="tag"><span class="slide">slide</span></span></h2>
<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-21">
<div class="org-src-container">
<pre class="src src-html">Hello World
</pre>
</div>
<div class="well">
Hello World
</div>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-sec-21-1" class="outline-3">
<h3 id="sec-21-1"><span class="section-number-3">21.1</span> Not complete   <span class="tag"><span class="notes">notes</span></span></h3>
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-21-1">
<ul class="org-ul">
<li>Won't validate as a <b>complete</b> HTML document, but it is a valid HTML
snippet
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-sec-22" class="outline-2">
<h2 id="sec-22"><span class="section-number-2">22</span> Add a Section Header   <span class="tag"><span class="slide">slide</span></span></h2>
<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-22">
<div class="org-src-container">
<pre class="src src-html"><<span style="color: #0000ff;">h2</span>><span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; text-decoration: underline;">This is my header</span></<span style="color: #0000ff;">h2</span>>
Hello World
</pre>
</div>
<div class="well">
<h2>This is my header</h2>
Hello World
</div>
<ul class="org-ul">
<li>h1 is more important
</li>
<li>h6 least
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-sec-22-1" class="outline-3">
<h3 id="sec-22-1"><span class="section-number-3">22.1</span> What's the more important tag for HTML?   <span class="tag"><span class="notes">notes</span></span></h3>
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-22-1">
<ul class="org-ul">
<li>Clue: HyperText
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-sec-23" class="outline-2">
<h2 id="sec-23"><span class="section-number-2">23</span> Link Tag (a)   <span class="tag"><span class="slide">slide</span></span></h2>
<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-23">
<div class="org-src-container">
<pre class="src src-html"><<span style="color: #0000ff;">h2</span>><span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; text-decoration: underline;">This is my header</span></<span style="color: #0000ff;">h2</span>>
<<span style="color: #0000ff;">a</span> <span style="color: #a0522d;">href</span>=<span style="color: #8b2252;">"http://www.yelp.com"</span>>Yelp</<span style="color: #0000ff;">a</span>>
</pre>
</div>
<div class="well">
<h2>This is my header</h2>
<a href="http://www.yelp.com">Yelp</a>
</div>
<ul class="org-ul">
<li>anchor tag
</li>
<li>hypertext reference <b>attribute</b> (href)
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-sec-24" class="outline-2">
<h2 id="sec-24"><span class="section-number-2">24</span> <a href="http://www.w3schools.com/html/html_attributes.asp">Attributes</a>   <span class="tag"><span class="slide">slide</span></span></h2>
<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-24">
<ul class="org-ul">
<li>HTML elements can have attributes
</li>
<li>Attributes provide additional information about an element
</li>
<li>Attributes are always specified in the start tag
</li>
<li>Attributes come in name/value pairs like: name="value"
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-sec-25" class="outline-2">
<h2 id="sec-25"><span class="section-number-2">25</span> Tables Have Nested Tags   <span class="tag"><span class="slide">slide</span></span></h2>
<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-25">
<div class="org-src-container">
<pre class="src src-html"><<span style="color: #0000ff;">table</span>>
<<span style="color: #0000ff;">tr</span>>
<<span style="color: #0000ff;">th</span>>First Name</<span style="color: #0000ff;">th</span>>
<<span style="color: #0000ff;">th</span>>Last Name</<span style="color: #0000ff;">th</span>>
<<span style="color: #0000ff;">th</span>>Class</<span style="color: #0000ff;">th</span>>
</<span style="color: #0000ff;">tr</span>>
<<span style="color: #0000ff;">tr</span>>
<<span style="color: #0000ff;">td</span>>Jim</<span style="color: #0000ff;">td</span>>
<<span style="color: #0000ff;">td</span>>Blomo</<span style="color: #0000ff;">td</span>>
<<span style="color: #0000ff;">td</span>>Web Architecture</<span style="color: #0000ff;">td</span>>
</<span style="color: #0000ff;">tr</span>>
</<span style="color: #0000ff;">table</span>>
</pre>
</div>
<table>
<tr>
<th>First Name</th>
<th>Last Name</th>
<th>Class</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Jim</td>
<td>Blomo</td>
<td>Web Architecture</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-sec-25-1" class="outline-3">
<h3 id="sec-25-1"><span class="section-number-3">25.1</span> DOM Tree   <span class="tag"><span class="slide">slide</span></span></h3>
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-25-1">
<div class="figure">
<p><img src="img/domtree.svg" alt="domtree.svg"/></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-sec-26" class="outline-2">
<h2 id="sec-26"><span class="section-number-2">26</span> Draw a Tree   <span class="tag"><span class="slide">slide</span></span></h2>
<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-26">
<div class="org-src-container">
<pre class="src src-html"><<span style="color: #0000ff;">ol</span>>
<<span style="color: #0000ff;">li</span>><<span style="color: #0000ff;">a</span> <span style="color: #a0522d;">href</span>=<span style="color: #8b2252;">"http://yelp.com"</span>>Yelp</<span style="color: #0000ff;">a</span>></<span style="color: #0000ff;">li</span>>
<<span style="color: #0000ff;">li</span>><<span style="color: #0000ff;">a</span> <span style="color: #a0522d;">href</span>=<span style="color: #8b2252;">"http://wikipedia.org"</span>>Wikipedia</<span style="color: #0000ff;">a</span>></<span style="color: #0000ff;">li</span>>
<<span style="color: #0000ff;">li</span>><<span style="color: #0000ff;">a</span> <span style="color: #a0522d;">href</span>=<span style="color: #8b2252;">"http://google.com"</span>>Google</<span style="color: #0000ff;">a</span>></<span style="color: #0000ff;">li</span>>
</<span style="color: #0000ff;">ol</span>>
</pre>
</div>
<ol>
<li><a href="http://yelp.com">Yelp</a></li>
<li><a href="http://wikipedia.org">Wikipedia</a></li>
<li><a href="http://google.com">Google</a></li>
</ol>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-sec-26-1" class="outline-3">
<h3 id="sec-26-1"><span class="section-number-3">26.1</span> Tree   <span class="tag"><span class="notes">notes</span></span></h3>
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-26-1">
<div class="figure">
<p><img src="img/ol-tree.png" alt="ol-tree.png"/></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-sec-27" class="outline-2">
<h2 id="sec-27"><span class="section-number-2">27</span> Bullets   <span class="tag"><span class="slide">slide</span></span></h2>
<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-27">
<ul class="org-ul">
<li>How do you write multiple layers of bullets?
</li>
<li>(Laptops are OK)
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-sec-27-1" class="outline-3">
<h3 id="sec-27-1"><span class="section-number-3">27.1</span> Unordered List   <span class="tag"><span class="notes">notes</span></span></h3>
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-27-1">
<div class="org-src-container">
<pre class="src src-html"><<span style="color: #0000ff;">ul</span>>
<<span style="color: #0000ff;">li</span>>item</<span style="color: #0000ff;">li</span>>
<<span style="color: #0000ff;">li</span>>
<<span style="color: #0000ff;">ul</span>>
<<span style="color: #0000ff;">li</span>>sub item</<span style="color: #0000ff;">li</span>>
</<span style="color: #0000ff;">ul</span>>
</<span style="color: #0000ff;">li</span>>
</<span style="color: #0000ff;">ul</span>>
</pre>
</div>
<ul>
<li>item</li>
<li>
<ul>
<li>sub item</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-sec-28" class="outline-2">
<h2 id="sec-28"><span class="section-number-2">28</span> Head / Body   <span class="tag"><span class="slide">slide</span></span></h2>
<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-28">
<ul class="org-ul">
<li>So far we've been looking at the "body" of a document
</li>
<li>Main section which contains page information