- End to end typed
- Sane defaults
- Workspace management
- Enforceable static workspace dependency isolation (internal libs/apps cant inherit classes from other specified)
- Dependency graph
- Auto-code-gen on backend from schemas
- Auto-code-gen on frontend from auto-generated backend endpoints
- Auto-code-gen of boilerplate for libraries, apps, react components and more
- Frontend: NextJs, Tailwind, URQL, GraphQL Codegen
- Backend: Docker, PostgreSQL, Nest, Fastify, GraphQL,Prisma, Mercurius, Class-transformer, Class-validator
A backend workspace with:
- NodeJs, 100% typescript and typed
- Postgresql db
- GraphQL
- Docker-compose for db migrations
- Prisma database ORM to handle migrations, view database in web browser and more etc
- Auto-generated graphql endpoints with validation via prisma
- Fastify server instead of express for speed (Over 3x faster than expressJS @ 50KTPS+)
- Mercurius, a graphql adapter for fastify
- Basic CORS support using fastify builtin
- Sane http header security policy defaults via helmet, auto-disabled in dev mode
#Install basic modules needed for backend using
npx create-nx-workspace my-full-stack-app --preset=nest --tags "scope:my-backend"
npm i @nestjs/platform-fastify @nestjs/graphql @nestjs/mercurius graphql mercurius
npm uninstall @nestjs/platform-express #replace express with fastify
#Set up app module ts to use mercurius/graphql and swap express for fastify [app.module.ts] [main.ts]
https://github.com/beauwilliams/nx-monorepo-full-stack-app/commit/e12c03a0e02224d3963cc147e7293d970ea0709f
#Generate our first schemas
npx nx g @nrwl/nest:resource -p my-backend --directory="app/resources" --type="graphql-code-first" --crud --name user --tags "scope:my-backend"
#Set up db workspace and init prisma
npx nx g @nrwl/nest:lib my-backend/data-access-db --buildable --tags "scope:my-backend"
cd libs/my-backend/data-access-db/src/lib && npx prisma init
#Set up docker compose file with data-access-db [docker-compose.yml]
https://github.com/beauwilliams/nx-monorepo-full-stack-app/commit/36c21e66c671b99db7e78f4fe3b79919f0e7c2d1
# Set up prisma [package.json]
https://github.com/beauwilliams/nx-monorepo-full-stack-app/commit/cb447f213061e4372a558549ab96fb47e2bab1f4
# Add docker commands to launch DB [package.json]
https://github.com/beauwilliams/nx-monorepo-full-stack-app/commit/36c21e66c671b99db7e78f4fe3b79919f0e7c2d1
# Add .local.env with DATABASE env like below example [.local.env]
DATABASE_URL=postgresql://postgres:mysecretpassword@localhost:5433/postgres?schema=public
#Install env-cmd for using the .local.env file
npm i -D env-cmd
#Initialise db with migrations
npm run db:up
#Create basic user model [prisma.schema]
https://github.com/beauwilliams/nx-monorepo-full-stack-app/commit/64e69ed517206b7a7a14451d7a033582f49e5098
#Re-Initialise db with migrations to confirm its working
npm run db:up
#Install prisma client
npm install @prisma/client prisma
#create a generator for graphQL [prisma.schema]
https://github.com/beauwilliams/nx-monorepo-full-stack-app/commit/f8fb5411ab9091482a3f9cef70cfe68e1da3ceff
generator nestgraphql {
provider = "node node_modules/prisma-nestjs-graphql"
output = "../../../generated/db-types/src"
#rest of code ....
}
#Create lib for db types
https://github.com/beauwilliams/nx-monorepo-full-stack-app/commit/fa1198632460ad09dd6e657e04c750a5285f0f1e
npx nx g @nrwl/nest:lib my-backend/generated/db-types --buildable --tags "scope:my-backend"
#Cleanup and remove unneeded files
https://github.com/beauwilliams/nx-monorepo-full-stack-app/commit/bdeaed5ff9328ac58f752b080e41e52ce364aa59
#Install class transformer and class validator plus nestjs plugin
npm i class-transformer class-validator prisma-nestjs-graphql
#Re-Initialise db with migrations to confirm its working
npm run db:up
#Clean up uneccessary files and create the user database service [user.*.ts]
https://github.com/beauwilliams/nx-monorepo-full-stack-app/commit/cd4b2ae8a8b51cb3369c3dd4cf7899fd025cfb10
#Create model with Validation using /// to denote validators [prisma.schema]
https://github.com/beauwilliams/nx-monorepo-full-stack-app/commit/c089e537d531873495c37650713def28f9b8bdce
/// @Validator.IsString()
/// @Validator.MaxLength(100)
/// @Validator.MinLength(8)
/// @HideField()
password String
#Update schema and server to enable validation [main.ts] [prisma.schema]
https://github.com/beauwilliams/nx-monorepo-full-stack-app/commit/105a072a9f2939410e455c1ad187902e1b9a08b1
#Re-Initialise db with migrations to confirm its working
npm run db:up
#Test its all working visiting http://localhost:3333/graphiql# and trying some queries
#I should be rejected with BadRequestException
mutation {
createUser(data:{email: "tes", password: "test123s", name: "t"}) {
id
name
email
}
}
#I should pass and return back the data with the id
mutation {
createUser(data:{email: "[email protected]", password: "test123456", name: "test"}) {
id
name
email
}
}
#Send a test query to check data is inserted correctly
query {
user(where: {id: 1, email: "[email protected]"}) {
id
name
email
}
}
#Create a script to view the database from a web browser [package.json]
"db:studio": "env-cmd --no-override -f .local.env npx prisma studio"
#Enable CORS - this is not a production grade CORS setup yet [main.ts]
app.enableCors({
origin: true,
credentials: true,
});
#Install helmet to set sane security defaults for http headers [main.ts]
import helmet from 'helmet'
const isProduction = process.env.NODE_ENV === 'production'
const developmentContentSecurityPolicy = {
directives: {
scriptSrc: ["'self'", "'unsafe-inline'", "'unsafe-eval'", 'https://unpkg.com/']
}
}
app.use(
helmet({
contentSecurityPolicy: isProduction ? undefined : developmentContentSecurityPolicy
})
)
#Set up rate limiting with nestJS fastify adapter with the fastify plugin [my-backend/src/main.ts]
#Install the plugin
npm i @fastify/rate-limit
#Register fastify plugin with our nestJS server
import fastifyRateLimit from '@fastify/rate-limit';
await app.register(fastifyRateLimit, {
global: true,
max: 100,
timeWindow: '1 minute',
errorResponseBuilder: function (_, context) {
return {
code: 429,
error: 'Too Many Requests',
message: `I only allow ${context.max} requests per ${context.after} to this Website. Try again soon.`,
date: Date.now(),
expiresIn: context.ttl, // milliseconds
};
},
});
A frontend workspace with:
- NextJS
- Auto-code-gen of react hooks to fetch data from graphql
- End to end typed
- Serverside rendering of database queries
#Install nextjs using nx to generate the workspace, selecting css, or other option if preferred
npm i --save-dev @nrwl/next
npx nx g @nrwl/next:app my-frontend --tags "scope:my-frontend"
#Install graphql frontend client
npm i urql
#NOTE: After installing urql I got upstream dependency conflict. Possible solutions are..
#Use legacy flag, I chose to use this and stick with npm for now, either way the same problem persists, yarn just hides it better
#I chose to update my justfile so we can run 'just install $package' and worry about dependency conflicts later without forgetting about it
npm install --legacy-peer-deps
#Or switch to yarn, which tends to handle this issue better without crashing (also fixed issue for me)
rm package-lock.json && yarn install
#Install client side graphql code generation modules
npm i @graphql-codegen/cli @graphql-codegen/near-operation-file-preset @graphql-codegen/typed-document-node @graphql-codegen/typescript @graphql-codegen/typescript-operations @graphql-codegen/typescript-urql graphql-codegen
#Install concurrently which we will use to run backend and frontend in one command during development
npm i --save-dev concurrently
#Set up scripts in package.json to run both at once [package.json]
"start:dev": "env-cmd -f .local.env concurrently --kill-others \"npm:db:up\" \"npm:dev:my-frontend\" \"npm:dev:my-backend\" ",
"dev:my-backend": "nx serve my-backend",
"dev:my-frontend": "nx serve my-frontend",
#Test our new frontend is working visiting http://localhost:4200 and commit changes afterward
https://github.com/beauwilliams/nx-monorepo-full-stack-app/commit/a3565eb3b87d14af93c90cc235d60371a6b5c378
#Set up scripts to perform graphql code generation [package.json]
"gen:gql": "graphql-codegen --config tools/gql-client-side-code-generation/gql-client-side-code-generation.yml --watch"
#Create a library for the graphql code generation
npx nx g @nrwl/node:lib my-client/generated/graphql-types --tags "scope:my-client"
#Create a tools dir and yaml file for graph-ql-code-gen config
mkdir ./tools/gql-client-side-code-generation/
touch ./tools/gql-client-side-code-generation/gql-client-side-code-generation.yml
#Create config for client side graphql endpoint hooks code gen specifying files included to parse [/tools/gql-client-side-code-generation/gql-client-side-code-generation.yml]
https://github.com/beauwilliams/nx-monorepo-full-stack-app/commit/aff183556a72c04e30a38b07bfd170a657f867e6
#..rest of file in commit
documents:
- 'apps/**/*gql.ts'
- 'libs/**/*gql.ts'
#Create a client side api dir and gql.ts file to store our first query
mkdir ./apps/my-frontend/api/user/
touch ./apps/my-frontend/api/user/user.gql.ts
#Create our first query used to auto-generate react hooks to fetch data using graphql [/apps/my-frontend/api/user/user.gql.ts]
https://github.com/beauwilliams/nx-monorepo-full-stack-app/commit/285f265188591a92c3caed2c697de8345f402d0d
import { gql } from 'urql'
const GET_USER = gql`
query GetUser($args: UserWhereUniqueInput!) {
user(where: $args) {
name
email
}
}
#Test out autogeneration of client side graphql hooks
npm run gen:gql
#Create client side urql provider to server up the graphql api, later we will enhance this with SSR [apps/my-frontend/api/my-client-api.tsx]
#...rest of code is in commit
https://github.com/beauwilliams/nx-monorepo-full-stack-app/commit/b2c6e419acd3c8a1f496e5c2ac8e5c8a59c748ef
export const withApi = (Component: FC) => {
return function ApiWrappedComponent({ ...properties }) {
return (
<Provider value={clientApi}>
<Component {...properties} />
</Provider>
);
};
};
#Import the provider into our app to test, wrapping it in the urql-provider so we can fetch data in the app context [/apps/my-frontend/pages/index.ts]
https://github.com/beauwilliams/nx-monorepo-full-stack-app/commit/b2c6e419acd3c8a1f496e5c2ac8e5c8a59c748ef
import { withApi } from '../api/my-client-api';
#...rest of code
export default withApi(Index)
#Confirm our graphql hooks are working by logging a user from the database [/apps/my-frontend/pages/index.ts]
https://github.com/beauwilliams/nx-monorepo-full-stack-app/commit/b2c6e419acd3c8a1f496e5c2ac8e5c8a59c748ef
import { useGetUserQuery } from '../api/user.gql.gen';
export function Index() {
const [{ data, fetching }] = useGetUserQuery({
variables: { args: { id: 1, email: '[email protected]' } },
});
#log it
console.log(data);
#or render it
return (
<h1>
<span> Hello {fetching ? 'there' : data?.user?.name}</span>
Welcome my-frontend 👋
</h1>
)
}
# 🥳 We should now have data displayed from our backend on our frontend 🥳
npm run start:devtools
I chose to install manually, so that we could define some colours, and create a global config. But the automatic setup is what I might use next time. See nx docs for ref here
npx nx g @nrwl/next:setup-tailwind --project=my-frontend
npm i tailwindcss@latest postcss@latest autoprefixer@latest @tailwindcss/typography
cd apps/my-frontend && npx tailwindcss init -p
const { join } = require('path');
module.exports = {
plugins: {
tailwindcss: {
config: join(__dirname, 'tailwind.config.js'),
},
autoprefixer: {},
},
};
Note: We can delete rest of styles later. For now we keep until we update our pages.
@tailwind base;
@tailwind components;
@tailwind utilities;
Setup globally shared tailwind presets (i.e colour scheme) for use in multiple apps [./tailwind.workspace.preset.js]
We import typography package globally here as example, see more presets here
module.exports = {
theme: {
extend: {
colors: {
'my-white': '#ffffff',
'my-grey': '#333333',
},
},
},
variants: {
extend: {},
},
plugins: [require('@tailwindcss/typography')],
};
const { join } = require('path');
// available since Nx v 12.5
const { createGlobPatternsForDependencies } = require('@nrwl/next/tailwind');
module.exports = {
presets: [require('../../tailwind.workspace.preset.js')],
purge: [
join(__dirname, 'pages/**/*.{js,ts,jsx,tsx}'),
...createGlobPatternsForDependencies(__dirname),
],
darkMode: 'media', // or 'media' or 'class'
theme: {
extend: {},
},
variants: {
extend: {},
},
plugins: [],
};
npx nx run my-frontend:export
NOTE: gql query createUser, does not encrypt password, its for admin use if anything. FYI. Auth not work when made that way.. use signupInput gql query instead
npx nx g @nrwl/nest:resource -p my-backend --directory="app/resources" --type="graphql-code-first" --crud --name authentication
mutation {
signup(signupInput: { email: "[email protected]", password: "tytycftgc" }) {
id
}
}
Summary
- Add libraries
- Add jwt modules etc to .module files
- Add validation logic
- Add guards
- Add local strategy
- Test query to confirm its all working
Commits
- Using passport ->
npm i passport-jwt
- Implementing our own jwt strategies
- Create our set and verify auth guards logic
- Add guard decorators to routes
- make cookies secure
- add CSRF protection to cookies
- read best practises: https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc8725.html
mutation {
login(loginInput: { email: "[email protected]", password: "tytycftgc" }) {
id
}
}
Now we will verify our jwt here at jwt.io
npx nx g @nrwl/next:page --project=my-frontend --style=css --name=login
npx nx g @nrwl/next:page --project=my-frontend --style=css --name=signup
Implement cookies ....
-
Let's start by checking the dev tools under Network -> Fetch/XHR
-
Here we can see the client side requests our app makes
-
Notice that the graphql server is requested from the client side [fetch] , this is going to slow our page loads!
Let's get to work implementing it...
-
create my-server-api to handle SSR -> example of my-server-api.ts
-
add get serverside props to /users -> example commit implementing SSR on frontend
-
confirm its working in dev tools as above in network tab. No more 200 request to Graphql
Here we can confirm using the chrome dev tools that the graphql server is no longer fetched from the client side.
We are going to use a eslint rules library
the reason being is that we wish to start with sane defaults, enforce modern and up to date code styles
Later on we can configure on a rule by rule basis as we desire
npm i --save-dev eslint eslint-plugin-unicorn eslint-plugin-prettier
{
"root": true,
"ignorePatterns": ["**/*"],
"plugins": ["@nrwl/nx", "unicorn", "prettier"],
"overrides": [
{
"extends": ["plugin:unicorn/recommended", "plugin:prettier/recommended"],
"files": ["*.ts", "*.tsx", "*.js", "*.jsx"],
"rules": {
"prettier/prettier": ["error"],
"unicorn/prevent-abbreviations": "warn",
"unicorn/no-null": "off",
"unicorn/prefer-module": ["warn"],
"unicorn/no-abusive-eslint-disable": ["warn"],
"@nrwl/nx/enforce-module-boundaries": [
"error",
{
...rest-of-code...
Let's start by familisarising ourselves with available options here
{
"semi": true,
"trailingComma": "es5",
"singleQuote": true,
"bracketSpacing": true,
"printWidth": 100
}
npx nx format:write --all
npx nx run-many --target=lint --all
TODO
Start by revieiwng the docs here
Let's check out our current dependency graph in a web browser using this command [http://127.0.0.1:4211/?]
npx nx graph
We can see here our dependency graphs are nicely laid out with our backend and frontend decoupled
Now let's try inheriting a library from our backend into our frontend to see how our dependency graph changes [my-frontend/pages/index.tsx]
import {
CreateOneUserArgs,
FindUniqueUserArgs,
UpdateOneUserArgs,
User,
} from '@my-full-stack-app/my-backend/generated/db-types';
type test = CreateOneUserArgs;
As we can see, we now have an extra path in our dependency graph, coupling our frontend and backend
We're now going to modify the snippet for our project as so and paste it into our config [./.eslintrc.json]
This will tell eslint to emit errors when we break the constraints we have defined. We will tell eslint that the backend and frontend aren't allowed in each others scope
"rules": {
"@nrwl/nx/enforce-module-boundaries": [
"error",
{
"allow": [],
"depConstraints": [
{
"sourceTag": "scope:shared",
"onlyDependOnLibsWithTags": ["scope:shared"]
},
{
"sourceTag": "scope:my-frontend",
"onlyDependOnLibsWithTags": ["scope:shared", "scope:my-frontend", "scope:my-client"]
},
{
"sourceTag": "scope:my-backend",
"onlyDependOnLibsWithTags": ["scope:shared", "scope:my-backend"]
},
{
"sourceTag": "scope:my-client",
"onlyDependOnLibsWithTags": ["scope:shared", "scope:my-client"]
}
]
}
]
}
Run the linter to see if our boundaries are applied correctly, we should see an error
#Lint the frontend scope
npx nx lint my-frontend
#We should receive the response from the linter containing the below error
/Users/admin/Git_Downloads/monorepo-full-stack-web-app/nx-monorepo-full-stack-app/apps/my-frontend/pages/index.tsx
4:1 error A project tagged with "scope:my-frontend" can only depend on libs tagged with "scope:shared", "scope:my-frontend" @nrwl/nx/enforce-module-boundaries
Let's delete the code we added earlier so that the frontend no longer inherits a library in the backend scope
Run the linter again and the error shown above should go away, there may still be some warnings, but we can fix those later
Our dependency graph should now look that same as it did earlier, perfect! We've now isolated our frontend from our backend successfully
npx nx lint my-frontend
Try lint the rest of your application, and get familiar with some of the other features of nx boundaries
#Lint all at once
npx nx run-many --target=lint --all
#Lint only changed files
npx nx affected --target=lint --all
NOTE If you are getting this error linting your app
error A project without tags matching at least one constraint cannot depend on any libraries @nrwl/nx/enforce-module-boundaries
Check that you have defined the scope tags properly in each library in your app, like so [./project.json]
Head to the repository settings and configure your secrets as seen in the example below.
We will use a JWT_SECRET env var in our tests, so here we are setting it up.
Create a new .yaml file in ./.github/workflows/
Here we will create a CI.yaml
as shown below
Things to make note of:
- The secrets we are injecting into the CI using Github action secrets
- We have configured the CI to continue on lint errors for now instead of exiting
name: CI
on:
push:
branches:
- main
pull_request:
jobs:
main:
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
steps:
- uses: actions/checkout@v2
with:
fetch-depth: 0
- uses: nrwl/nx-set-shas@v3
- run: npm ci
- run: npx nx workspace-lint
- run: npx nx format:check
- run: npx nx affected --target=lint --parallel=3
continue-on-error: true
- run: npx nx affected --target=test --parallel=3 --ci --code-coverage
env:
JWT_SECRET: ${{ secrets.JWT_SECRET }}
- run: npx nx affected --target=build --parallel=3
If all is well, we should have a successful run
But do take note, 0 packages were actually tested! Why? The NX cache noticed no code was changed since last commit.
So with that said, lets add some code to a package, and see if the CI does run on that package.
Lets add a console.log('Index page');
to the index.tsx of our frontend and try it out
Ensure @nrwl/nx-cloud
is in package.json
Then run nx g @nrwl/nx-cloud:init
And follow the instructions, once setup, you should see NX bot in your Pull Requests make a comment with the status of the runs/builds etc as shown below
...time to fix up those lint warnings 😉
Let's start with a very simple benchmark, to set a baseline, pulling our our GraphQL playground route
You can run this command directly on your CLI or add it to justfile
and run it with just benchmark-backend
NOTE: Ensure the backend is running before benchmarking it
benchmark-backend:
npx autocannon local -c 100 -d 5 -p 10 http://localhost:3333/graphql
Success! Our API is serving up our GraphQL playground frontend at ~50KTPS. That is over 3x faster than ExpressJS maximum throughput!!
- Create an
.eslintignore
- List the files and folders to ignore i.e
- Add files here to ignore them from prettier formatting
*.gql.gen.ts
- ERROR
tried: '/Users/admin/Git_Downloads/AfricaRare/Africarare-Monorepo/node_modules/bcrypt/lib/binding/napi-v3/bcrypt_lib.node' (mach-o file, but is an incompatible architecture (have 'x86_64', need 'arm64e'))
- FIX:
Use node 18
- ERROR:
Failed to load schema from dist/apps/africarare-backend/autogenerated-schema.gql:
Unable to find any GraphQL type definitions for the following pointers:
- dist/apps/africarare-backend/autogenerated-schema.gql
- FIX:
Ensure the database is in a working state. If the app does not start, running the gen won't work either. Check db-migrations.
-
ERROR:
Ran
npm run gen:gql
with some new queries added inapps/my-frontend/api/**.gql.ts
but theapps/my-frontend/api/**.gql.gen.ts
is not updating -
FIX:
Check the syntax of your gql queries in
apps/my-frontend/api/**.gql.ts
is correct and perhaps consider trying them on postman to confirm they work
This project was generated using Nx.
🔎 Smart, Fast and Extensible Build System
Nx supports many plugins which add capabilities for developing different types of applications and different tools.
These capabilities include generating applications, libraries, etc as well as the devtools to test, and build projects as well.
Below are our core plugins:
- React
npm install --save-dev @nrwl/react
- Web (no framework frontends)
npm install --save-dev @nrwl/web
- Angular
npm install --save-dev @nrwl/angular
- Nest
npm install --save-dev @nrwl/nest
- Express
npm install --save-dev @nrwl/express
- Node
npm install --save-dev @nrwl/node
There are also many community plugins you could add.
Run nx g @nrwl/react:app my-app
to generate an application.
You can use any of the plugins above to generate applications as well.
When using Nx, you can create multiple applications and libraries in the same workspace.
Run nx g @nrwl/react:lib my-lib
to generate a library.
You can also use any of the plugins above to generate libraries as well.
Libraries are shareable across libraries and applications. They can be imported from @my-full-stack-app/mylib
.
Run nx serve my-app
for a dev server. Navigate to http://localhost:4200/. The app will automatically reload if you change any of the source files.
Run nx g @nrwl/react:component my-component --project=my-app
to generate a new component.
Run nx build my-app
to build the project. The build artifacts will be stored in the dist/
directory. Use the --prod
flag for a production build.
Run nx test my-app
to execute the unit tests via Jest.
Run nx affected:test
to execute the unit tests affected by a change.
Run nx e2e my-app
to execute the end-to-end tests via Cypress.
Run nx affected:e2e
to execute the end-to-end tests affected by a change.
Run nx graph
to see a diagram of the dependencies of your projects.
Visit the Nx Documentation to learn more.
Nx Cloud pairs with Nx in order to enable you to build and test code more rapidly, by up to 10 times. Even teams that are new to Nx can connect to Nx Cloud and start saving time instantly.
Teams using Nx gain the advantage of building full-stack applications with their preferred framework alongside Nx’s advanced code generation and project dependency graph, plus a unified experience for both frontend and backend developers.
Visit Nx Cloud to learn more.rea