sem02_forif/sem02_203.ipynb

{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "![](https://github.com/hse-econ-data-science/dap_2021_spring/blob/main/sem02_forif/flowchart.png?raw=true)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 1,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "That is true\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "x = 1\n",
    "if x == 1:\n",
    "    print('That is true')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "x = 1\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "x = 1\n",
    "if x != 1:\n",
    "    print('That is true')\n",
    "else:\n",
    "    print('x = 1')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 6,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "That is true!\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "if x == 1:\n",
    "    print('That is true!')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 12,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "10\n",
      "10\n",
      "Равные числа 10\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a = int(input())\n",
    "b = int(input())\n",
    "if a < b:\n",
    "    print(a)\n",
    "else:\n",
    "    if a > b:\n",
    "        print(b)\n",
    "    else:\n",
    "        print('Равные числа', a)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 15,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "7\n",
      "3\n",
      "3\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a = int(input())\n",
    "b = int(input())\n",
    "if a < b:\n",
    "    print(a)\n",
    "elif a > b: \n",
    "    print(b)\n",
    "else:\n",
    "    print('Равные числа', a)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 16,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "2\n",
      "4\n",
      "2\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a=input()\n",
    "b=input()\n",
    "if a < b:\n",
    "    print(a)\n",
    "elif a > b:\n",
    "    print(b)\n",
    "else:\n",
    "    print('равные числа',a)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Распродажа\n",
    "\n",
    "В магазине проходит акция:\n",
    "* На все товары дешевле 1000 рублей скидка 15%\n",
    "* На все товары дороже либо равно 1000, но дешевле либо равно 5000 рублей скидка 20%\n",
    "* На все товары дороже 5000 рублей скидка 25%\n",
    "\n",
    "**Ввод**  \n",
    "Целое неотрицательное число - цена товара в рублях\n",
    "\n",
    "**Вывод**  \n",
    "Целое неотрицательное число - цена товара с учётом скидки в рублях"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 17,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "900\n",
      "765.0\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "q = int(input())\n",
    "if q < 1000:\n",
    "    print(q - 0.15 * q)\n",
    "elif q <= 5000:\n",
    "    print(q - 0.20 * q)\n",
    "else:\n",
    "    print(q - 0.25 * q)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 18,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "x = 'abc'"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 21,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'c'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 21,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "x[2]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 22,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'12'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 22,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "x = 12\n",
    "z = str(x)\n",
    "z"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Хитрости умножения  \n",
    "\n",
    "Для умножения двузначного числа на 11 есть интересная хитрость: результат произведения можно получить если между первой и второй цифрой исходного числа вписать сумму этих цифр. Например, 15 * 11 = 1 1+5 5 = 165 или 34 * 11 = 3 3+4 4 = 374. Реализуйте программу, которая умножала бы двузначные числа на 11, используя эту хитрость. Пользоваться оператором умножения нельзя.  \n",
    "\n",
    "__Формат ввода:__  \n",
    "Вводится двузначное число.  \n",
    "__Формат вывода:__  \n",
    "Программа должна вывести ответ на задачу.  \n",
    "\n",
    "**Тест 1**  \n",
    "__Пример ввода:__  \n",
    "15   \n",
    "__Вывод:__  \n",
    "165  \n",
    "\n",
    "**Тест 2**  \n",
    "__Пример ввода:__   \n",
    "66      \n",
    "__Вывод:__   \n",
    "726   "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 25,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "594"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 25,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "54 * 11"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 27,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'12'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 27,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "'1' + '2'"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 29,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "67\n",
      "737\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "x = input()\n",
    "\n",
    "n1 = int(x[0])\n",
    "n2 = int(x[1])\n",
    "\n",
    "if n1 + n2 < 10:\n",
    "    print(str(n1) + str(n1+n2) + str(n2))\n",
    "else:\n",
    "    print(str(n1 + 1) + str((n1 + n2) - 10) + str(n2))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 31,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Текст\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print('Текст')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 32,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'67'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 32,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "'67'"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Цикл while"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 33,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "1\n",
      "2\n",
      "3\n",
      "4\n",
      "5\n",
      "6\n",
      "7\n",
      "8\n",
      "9\n",
      "10\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "i = 1\n",
    "while i <= 10:\n",
    "    print(i)\n",
    "    i += 1"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "break"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 35,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Введите оценку: 8\n",
      "Введите оценку: 7\n",
      "Введите оценку: 9\n",
      "Введите оценку: 6\n",
      "Введите оценку: 10\n",
      "NO\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "i = 1\n",
    "while i <= 5:\n",
    "    mark = int(input(\"Введите оценку: \"))\n",
    "    if mark < 4:\n",
    "        print('YES')\n",
    "        break\n",
    "    i += 1\n",
    "else: # else находится на том же уровне отступа, что и while, \n",
    "    #поэтому относится именно к циклу, а не к условию внутри цикла\n",
    "    print ('NO')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 36,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Введите оценку: 3\n",
      "YES\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "i = 1\n",
    "while i <= 5:\n",
    "    mark = int(input(\"Введите оценку: \"))\n",
    "    if mark < 4:\n",
    "        print('YES')\n",
    "        break\n",
    "    i += 1\n",
    "else: # else находится на том же уровне отступа, что и while, поэтому относится именно к циклу, а не к условию внутри цикла\n",
    "    print ('NO')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 37,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Введите оценку: 10\n",
      "Введите оценку: 3\n",
      "YES\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "i = 1\n",
    "while i <= 5:\n",
    "    mark = int(input(\"Введите оценку: \"))\n",
    "    if mark < 4:\n",
    "        print('YES')\n",
    "        break\n",
    "    i += 1\n",
    "else: # else находится на том же уровне отступа, что и while, поэтому относится именно к циклу, а не к условию внутри цикла\n",
    "    print ('NO')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "continue"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 38,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Введите оценку: 10\n",
      "Введите оценку: 3\n",
      "Введите оценку: 5\n",
      "Введите оценку: 2\n",
      "Введите оценку: 7\n",
      "Итого пересдач: 2\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "i = 1\n",
    "retakes = 0\n",
    "while i <= 5:\n",
    "    mark = int(input(\"Введите оценку: \"))\n",
    "    i += 1\n",
    "    if mark >= 4: # если пересдачи нет, сразу же идем проверять переменную i, без увеличесния переменной retakes\n",
    "        continue\n",
    "    retakes += 1\n",
    "print(\"Итого пересдач:\", retakes)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "i = 1\n",
    "retakes = 0\n",
    "while i <= 5:\n",
    "    mark = int(input(\"Введите оценку: \"))\n",
    "    i += 1\n",
    "    if mark < 4:\n",
    "        retakes += 1\n",
    "print(\"Итого пересдач:\", retakes)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a += 1\n",
    "a *= 2\n",
    "a /= 2\n",
    "a %= 2"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## (∩｀-´)⊃━☆ﾟ.*･｡ﾟ Задача\n",
    "Вася начал бегать и в первый день он пробежал X километров и выдохся. Вася поставил себе цель Y километров и решил узнать, когда он ее достигнет, если каждый день будет бегать дистанцию на 10% больше, чем в предыдущий.\n",
    "\n",
    "**Формат ввода**\n",
    "\n",
    "Программа получает на вход целые числа X, Y\n",
    "\n",
    "**Формат вывода**\n",
    "\n",
    "Одно целое число (день, когда Вася пробежит свою цель)\n",
    "\n",
    "**Примеры**  \n",
    "**Ввод:**  \n",
    "10  \n",
    "21\n",
    "\n",
    "**Вывод:**  \n",
    "9"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 39,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "10\n",
      "21\n",
      "9\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "x = int(input())\n",
    "y = int(input())\n",
    "n = 1\n",
    "while x < y:\n",
    "    n += 1\n",
    "    x *= 1.1\n",
    "print(n)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 41,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "10\n",
      "21\n",
      "9\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "x= int(input())\n",
    "y= int(input())\n",
    "i= 1\n",
    "while x < y:\n",
    "    x *= 1.1\n",
    "    i += 1\n",
    "print(i)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Функция range"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 45,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "10\n",
      "[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "i = 1\n",
    "myList = [] #list\n",
    "N = int(input())\n",
    "\n",
    "while i <= N:\n",
    "    myList.append(i) #добавить элемент к списку\n",
    "    i += 1\n",
    "    \n",
    "print(myList)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 44,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "3"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 44,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a = [1, 2, 3]\n",
    "a[2]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 48,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "myRange = range(20)\n",
    "print(list(myRange))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 49,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "range"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 49,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "type(myRange)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 53,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "myRange = range(1, 21, 1)\n",
    "print(list(myRange))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 54,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "myRange = range(1, 21, 2)\n",
    "print(list(myRange))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 55,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[20, 19, 18, 17, 16, 15, 14, 13, 12, 11, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "myRange = range(20, 0, -1)\n",
    "print(list(myRange))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 56,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[20, 18, 16, 14, 12, 10, 8, 6, 4, 2]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "myRange = range(20, 0, -2)\n",
    "print(list(myRange))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 58,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[20, 18, 16, 14, 12, 10, 8, 6, 4, 2]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "myRange = range(20, 0, -2)\n",
    "print(list(myRange))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 62,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Ivan Ivanov\n",
      "Tatiana Sidorova\n",
      "Maria Smirnova\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "students = ['Ivan Ivanov', 'Tatiana Sidorova', 'Maria Smirnova']\n",
    "\n",
    "for i in range(len(students)):\n",
    "    print(students[i])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 72,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Ivan Ivanov\n",
      "Tatiana Sidorova\n",
      "Maria Smirnova\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "students = ['Ivan Ivanov', 'Tatiana Sidorova', 'Maria Smirnova']\n",
    "\n",
    "for student in students:\n",
    "    print(student)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Задача\n",
    "\n",
    "Пройтись в цикле по элементам списка и посчитать их сумму.\n",
    "\n",
    "**Формат ввода**\n",
    "\n",
    "Программа получает на вход числа через пробел.\n",
    "\n",
    "**Формат вывода**\n",
    "\n",
    "Сумма элементов списка."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 68,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "1 2 3 4 5\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "x = input()\n",
    "z = x.split()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 69,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "['1', '2', '3', '4', '5']\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(z)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 65,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "1 2 3 13\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "x = input()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 66,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "1 2 3 13\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(x)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 74,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "3 14\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "x = list(map(int, (input().split())))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 75,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[3, 14]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(x)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 76,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "3 15 100 23.5\n",
      "141.5\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "x = input().split()\n",
    "total = 0\n",
    "\n",
    "for i in x:\n",
    "    total += float(i)\n",
    "print(total)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 80,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "24"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 80,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "int(24.0)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Задача\n",
    "\n",
    "Выведите значение наименьшего из всех положительных элементов в списке. Известно, что в списке есть хотя бы один положительный элемент, а значения всех элементов списка по модулю не превосходят 1000.\n",
    "\n",
    "**Формат ввода**\n",
    "\n",
    "Вводится список чисел. Все числа списка находятся на одной строке.\n",
    "\n",
    "**Формат вывода**\n",
    "\n",
    "Выведите ответ на задачу.\n",
    "\n",
    "**Пример 1**\n",
    "\n",
    "**Ввод**\n",
    "\n",
    "5 -4 3 -2 1\n",
    "\n",
    "**Вывод**\n",
    "\n",
    "1\n",
    "\n",
    "**Пример 2**\n",
    "\n",
    "**Ввод**\n",
    "\n",
    "10 5 0 -5 -10\n",
    "\n",
    "**Вывод**\n",
    "\n",
    "5\n",
    "\n",
    "**Пример 3**\n",
    "\n",
    "**Ввод**\n",
    "\n",
    "-1 -2 -3 -4 100\n",
    "\n",
    "**Вывод**\n",
    "\n",
    "100"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 86,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "-1 0 13\n",
      "0\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "A = input().split()\n",
    "min_number = 1000\n",
    "for i in range(len(A)):\n",
    "    if int(A[i])>=0:\n",
    "        if int(A[i])<min_number:\n",
    "            min_number=int(A[i])\n",
    "print(min_number)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  }
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