diff --git a/.api-reports/api-report-cache.api.md b/.api-reports/api-report-cache.api.md
index 0e90e2b82f..908176a26c 100644
--- a/.api-reports/api-report-cache.api.md
+++ b/.api-reports/api-report-cache.api.md
@@ -237,10 +237,11 @@ type CombineIntersection<T> = Exclude<T, {
 }>>;
 
 // Warning: (ae-forgotten-export) The symbol "IsAny" needs to be exported by the entry point index.d.ts
+// Warning: (ae-forgotten-export) The symbol "Exact" needs to be exported by the entry point index.d.ts
 // Warning: (ae-forgotten-export) The symbol "RemoveIndexSignature" needs to be exported by the entry point index.d.ts
 //
 // @public (undocumented)
-type ContainsFragmentsRefs<TData> = true extends IsAny<TData> ? false : TData extends object ? " $fragmentRefs" extends keyof RemoveIndexSignature<TData> ? true : ContainsFragmentsRefs<TData[keyof TData]> : false;
+type ContainsFragmentsRefs<TData, Seen = never> = true extends (IsAny<TData>) ? false : TData extends object ? Exact<TData> extends Seen ? false : " $fragmentRefs" extends keyof RemoveIndexSignature<TData> ? true : ContainsFragmentsRefs<TData[keyof TData], Seen | Exact<TData>> : false;
 
 // @public (undocumented)
 export function createFragmentRegistry(...fragments: DocumentNode[]): FragmentRegistryAPI;
@@ -465,6 +466,9 @@ export namespace EntityStore {
     }
 }
 
+// @public (undocumented)
+type Exact<in out T> = (x: T) => T;
+
 // @public
 type ExtractByMatchingTypeNames<Union extends {
     __typename?: string;
diff --git a/.api-reports/api-report-core.api.md b/.api-reports/api-report-core.api.md
index a5d7d74745..8183642897 100644
--- a/.api-reports/api-report-core.api.md
+++ b/.api-reports/api-report-core.api.md
@@ -480,10 +480,11 @@ type ConcastSourcesIterable<T> = Iterable<Source<T>>;
 export const concat: typeof ApolloLink.concat;
 
 // Warning: (ae-forgotten-export) The symbol "IsAny" needs to be exported by the entry point index.d.ts
+// Warning: (ae-forgotten-export) The symbol "Exact" needs to be exported by the entry point index.d.ts
 // Warning: (ae-forgotten-export) The symbol "RemoveIndexSignature" needs to be exported by the entry point index.d.ts
 //
 // @public (undocumented)
-type ContainsFragmentsRefs<TData> = true extends IsAny<TData> ? false : TData extends object ? " $fragmentRefs" extends keyof RemoveIndexSignature<TData> ? true : ContainsFragmentsRefs<TData[keyof TData]> : false;
+type ContainsFragmentsRefs<TData, Seen = never> = true extends (IsAny<TData>) ? false : TData extends object ? Exact<TData> extends Seen ? false : " $fragmentRefs" extends keyof RemoveIndexSignature<TData> ? true : ContainsFragmentsRefs<TData[keyof TData], Seen | Exact<TData>> : false;
 
 // @public (undocumented)
 export const createHttpLink: (linkOptions?: HttpOptions) => ApolloLink;
@@ -790,6 +791,9 @@ namespace EntityStore {
 // @public
 export type ErrorPolicy = "none" | "ignore" | "all";
 
+// @public (undocumented)
+type Exact<in out T> = (x: T) => T;
+
 // @public (undocumented)
 export const execute: typeof ApolloLink.execute;
 
diff --git a/.api-reports/api-report-masking.api.md b/.api-reports/api-report-masking.api.md
index 12d24672ff..fffd2efb2e 100644
--- a/.api-reports/api-report-masking.api.md
+++ b/.api-reports/api-report-masking.api.md
@@ -221,10 +221,11 @@ type CombineIntersection<T> = Exclude<T, {
 }>>;
 
 // Warning: (ae-forgotten-export) The symbol "IsAny" needs to be exported by the entry point index.d.ts
+// Warning: (ae-forgotten-export) The symbol "Exact" needs to be exported by the entry point index.d.ts
 // Warning: (ae-forgotten-export) The symbol "RemoveIndexSignature" needs to be exported by the entry point index.d.ts
 //
 // @public (undocumented)
-type ContainsFragmentsRefs<TData> = true extends IsAny<TData> ? false : TData extends object ? " $fragmentRefs" extends keyof RemoveIndexSignature<TData> ? true : ContainsFragmentsRefs<TData[keyof TData]> : false;
+type ContainsFragmentsRefs<TData, Seen = never> = true extends (IsAny<TData>) ? false : TData extends object ? Exact<TData> extends Seen ? false : " $fragmentRefs" extends keyof RemoveIndexSignature<TData> ? true : ContainsFragmentsRefs<TData[keyof TData], Seen | Exact<TData>> : false;
 
 // @public (undocumented)
 export interface DataMasking {
@@ -360,6 +361,9 @@ export const disableWarningsSlot: {
 // @public (undocumented)
 type DistributedRequiredExclude<T, U> = T extends any ? Required<T> extends Required<U> ? Required<U> extends Required<T> ? never : T : T : T;
 
+// @public (undocumented)
+type Exact<in out T> = (x: T) => T;
+
 // @public
 type ExtractByMatchingTypeNames<Union extends {
     __typename?: string;
diff --git a/.api-reports/api-report-react.api.md b/.api-reports/api-report-react.api.md
index 8f302c82f8..16e002d910 100644
--- a/.api-reports/api-report-react.api.md
+++ b/.api-reports/api-report-react.api.md
@@ -578,10 +578,11 @@ class Concast<T> extends Observable<T> {
 type ConcastSourcesIterable<T> = Iterable<Source<T>>;
 
 // Warning: (ae-forgotten-export) The symbol "IsAny" needs to be exported by the entry point index.d.ts
+// Warning: (ae-forgotten-export) The symbol "Exact" needs to be exported by the entry point index.d.ts
 // Warning: (ae-forgotten-export) The symbol "RemoveIndexSignature" needs to be exported by the entry point index.d.ts
 //
 // @public (undocumented)
-type ContainsFragmentsRefs<TData> = true extends IsAny<TData> ? false : TData extends object ? " $fragmentRefs" extends keyof RemoveIndexSignature<TData> ? true : ContainsFragmentsRefs<TData[keyof TData]> : false;
+type ContainsFragmentsRefs<TData, Seen = never> = true extends (IsAny<TData>) ? false : TData extends object ? Exact<TData> extends Seen ? false : " $fragmentRefs" extends keyof RemoveIndexSignature<TData> ? true : ContainsFragmentsRefs<TData[keyof TData], Seen | Exact<TData>> : false;
 
 // @public (undocumented)
 export interface Context extends Record<string, any> {
@@ -779,6 +780,9 @@ export { DocumentType_2 as DocumentType }
 // @public
 type ErrorPolicy = "none" | "ignore" | "all";
 
+// @public (undocumented)
+type Exact<in out T> = (x: T) => T;
+
 // Warning: (ae-forgotten-export) The symbol "ExecutionPatchResultBase" needs to be exported by the entry point index.d.ts
 //
 // @public (undocumented)
diff --git a/.api-reports/api-report-react_components.api.md b/.api-reports/api-report-react_components.api.md
index 739af65d3b..051470cb15 100644
--- a/.api-reports/api-report-react_components.api.md
+++ b/.api-reports/api-report-react_components.api.md
@@ -524,10 +524,11 @@ class Concast<T> extends Observable<T> {
 type ConcastSourcesIterable<T> = Iterable<Source<T>>;
 
 // Warning: (ae-forgotten-export) The symbol "IsAny" needs to be exported by the entry point index.d.ts
+// Warning: (ae-forgotten-export) The symbol "Exact" needs to be exported by the entry point index.d.ts
 // Warning: (ae-forgotten-export) The symbol "RemoveIndexSignature" needs to be exported by the entry point index.d.ts
 //
 // @public (undocumented)
-type ContainsFragmentsRefs<TData> = true extends IsAny<TData> ? false : TData extends object ? " $fragmentRefs" extends keyof RemoveIndexSignature<TData> ? true : ContainsFragmentsRefs<TData[keyof TData]> : false;
+type ContainsFragmentsRefs<TData, Seen = never> = true extends (IsAny<TData>) ? false : TData extends object ? Exact<TData> extends Seen ? false : " $fragmentRefs" extends keyof RemoveIndexSignature<TData> ? true : ContainsFragmentsRefs<TData[keyof TData], Seen | Exact<TData>> : false;
 
 // @public (undocumented)
 interface DataMasking {
@@ -711,6 +712,9 @@ interface DocumentTransformOptions {
 // @public
 type ErrorPolicy = "none" | "ignore" | "all";
 
+// @public (undocumented)
+type Exact<in out T> = (x: T) => T;
+
 // Warning: (ae-forgotten-export) The symbol "ExecutionPatchResultBase" needs to be exported by the entry point index.d.ts
 //
 // @public (undocumented)
diff --git a/.api-reports/api-report-react_context.api.md b/.api-reports/api-report-react_context.api.md
index 812f228974..703cfb4825 100644
--- a/.api-reports/api-report-react_context.api.md
+++ b/.api-reports/api-report-react_context.api.md
@@ -518,10 +518,11 @@ class Concast<T> extends Observable<T> {
 type ConcastSourcesIterable<T> = Iterable<Source<T>>;
 
 // Warning: (ae-forgotten-export) The symbol "IsAny" needs to be exported by the entry point index.d.ts
+// Warning: (ae-forgotten-export) The symbol "Exact" needs to be exported by the entry point index.d.ts
 // Warning: (ae-forgotten-export) The symbol "RemoveIndexSignature" needs to be exported by the entry point index.d.ts
 //
 // @public (undocumented)
-type ContainsFragmentsRefs<TData> = true extends IsAny<TData> ? false : TData extends object ? " $fragmentRefs" extends keyof RemoveIndexSignature<TData> ? true : ContainsFragmentsRefs<TData[keyof TData]> : false;
+type ContainsFragmentsRefs<TData, Seen = never> = true extends (IsAny<TData>) ? false : TData extends object ? Exact<TData> extends Seen ? false : " $fragmentRefs" extends keyof RemoveIndexSignature<TData> ? true : ContainsFragmentsRefs<TData[keyof TData], Seen | Exact<TData>> : false;
 
 // @public (undocumented)
 interface DataMasking {
@@ -705,6 +706,9 @@ interface DocumentTransformOptions {
 // @public
 type ErrorPolicy = "none" | "ignore" | "all";
 
+// @public (undocumented)
+type Exact<in out T> = (x: T) => T;
+
 // Warning: (ae-forgotten-export) The symbol "ExecutionPatchResultBase" needs to be exported by the entry point index.d.ts
 //
 // @public (undocumented)
diff --git a/.api-reports/api-report-react_hoc.api.md b/.api-reports/api-report-react_hoc.api.md
index e05e2f6112..3f86735051 100644
--- a/.api-reports/api-report-react_hoc.api.md
+++ b/.api-reports/api-report-react_hoc.api.md
@@ -507,10 +507,11 @@ class Concast<T> extends Observable<T> {
 type ConcastSourcesIterable<T> = Iterable<Source<T>>;
 
 // Warning: (ae-forgotten-export) The symbol "IsAny" needs to be exported by the entry point index.d.ts
+// Warning: (ae-forgotten-export) The symbol "Exact" needs to be exported by the entry point index.d.ts
 // Warning: (ae-forgotten-export) The symbol "RemoveIndexSignature" needs to be exported by the entry point index.d.ts
 //
 // @public (undocumented)
-type ContainsFragmentsRefs<TData> = true extends IsAny<TData> ? false : TData extends object ? " $fragmentRefs" extends keyof RemoveIndexSignature<TData> ? true : ContainsFragmentsRefs<TData[keyof TData]> : false;
+type ContainsFragmentsRefs<TData, Seen = never> = true extends (IsAny<TData>) ? false : TData extends object ? Exact<TData> extends Seen ? false : " $fragmentRefs" extends keyof RemoveIndexSignature<TData> ? true : ContainsFragmentsRefs<TData[keyof TData], Seen | Exact<TData>> : false;
 
 // @public (undocumented)
 interface DataMasking {
@@ -703,6 +704,9 @@ interface DocumentTransformOptions {
 // @public
 type ErrorPolicy = "none" | "ignore" | "all";
 
+// @public (undocumented)
+type Exact<in out T> = (x: T) => T;
+
 // Warning: (ae-forgotten-export) The symbol "ExecutionPatchResultBase" needs to be exported by the entry point index.d.ts
 //
 // @public (undocumented)
diff --git a/.api-reports/api-report-react_hooks.api.md b/.api-reports/api-report-react_hooks.api.md
index da083a0abd..b252b2a672 100644
--- a/.api-reports/api-report-react_hooks.api.md
+++ b/.api-reports/api-report-react_hooks.api.md
@@ -547,10 +547,11 @@ class Concast<T> extends Observable<T> {
 type ConcastSourcesIterable<T> = Iterable<Source<T>>;
 
 // Warning: (ae-forgotten-export) The symbol "IsAny" needs to be exported by the entry point index.d.ts
+// Warning: (ae-forgotten-export) The symbol "Exact" needs to be exported by the entry point index.d.ts
 // Warning: (ae-forgotten-export) The symbol "RemoveIndexSignature" needs to be exported by the entry point index.d.ts
 //
 // @public (undocumented)
-type ContainsFragmentsRefs<TData> = true extends IsAny<TData> ? false : TData extends object ? " $fragmentRefs" extends keyof RemoveIndexSignature<TData> ? true : ContainsFragmentsRefs<TData[keyof TData]> : false;
+type ContainsFragmentsRefs<TData, Seen = never> = true extends (IsAny<TData>) ? false : TData extends object ? Exact<TData> extends Seen ? false : " $fragmentRefs" extends keyof RemoveIndexSignature<TData> ? true : ContainsFragmentsRefs<TData[keyof TData], Seen | Exact<TData>> : false;
 
 // @public (undocumented)
 interface DataMasking {
@@ -734,6 +735,9 @@ interface DocumentTransformOptions {
 // @public
 type ErrorPolicy = "none" | "ignore" | "all";
 
+// @public (undocumented)
+type Exact<in out T> = (x: T) => T;
+
 // Warning: (ae-forgotten-export) The symbol "ExecutionPatchResultBase" needs to be exported by the entry point index.d.ts
 //
 // @public (undocumented)
diff --git a/.api-reports/api-report-react_internal.api.md b/.api-reports/api-report-react_internal.api.md
index dd6f0073fe..3e43a1dafb 100644
--- a/.api-reports/api-report-react_internal.api.md
+++ b/.api-reports/api-report-react_internal.api.md
@@ -526,10 +526,11 @@ class Concast<T> extends Observable<T> {
 type ConcastSourcesIterable<T> = Iterable<Source<T>>;
 
 // Warning: (ae-forgotten-export) The symbol "IsAny" needs to be exported by the entry point index.d.ts
+// Warning: (ae-forgotten-export) The symbol "Exact" needs to be exported by the entry point index.d.ts
 // Warning: (ae-forgotten-export) The symbol "RemoveIndexSignature" needs to be exported by the entry point index.d.ts
 //
 // @public (undocumented)
-type ContainsFragmentsRefs<TData> = true extends IsAny<TData> ? false : TData extends object ? " $fragmentRefs" extends keyof RemoveIndexSignature<TData> ? true : ContainsFragmentsRefs<TData[keyof TData]> : false;
+type ContainsFragmentsRefs<TData, Seen = never> = true extends (IsAny<TData>) ? false : TData extends object ? Exact<TData> extends Seen ? false : " $fragmentRefs" extends keyof RemoveIndexSignature<TData> ? true : ContainsFragmentsRefs<TData[keyof TData], Seen | Exact<TData>> : false;
 
 // Warning: (ae-forgotten-export) The symbol "PreloadQueryFunction" needs to be exported by the entry point index.d.ts
 //
@@ -718,6 +719,9 @@ interface DocumentTransformOptions {
 // @public
 type ErrorPolicy = "none" | "ignore" | "all";
 
+// @public (undocumented)
+type Exact<in out T> = (x: T) => T;
+
 // Warning: (ae-forgotten-export) The symbol "ExecutionPatchResultBase" needs to be exported by the entry point index.d.ts
 //
 // @public (undocumented)
diff --git a/.api-reports/api-report-react_ssr.api.md b/.api-reports/api-report-react_ssr.api.md
index b122eff81c..d0560e817d 100644
--- a/.api-reports/api-report-react_ssr.api.md
+++ b/.api-reports/api-report-react_ssr.api.md
@@ -487,10 +487,11 @@ class Concast<T> extends Observable<T> {
 type ConcastSourcesIterable<T> = Iterable<Source<T>>;
 
 // Warning: (ae-forgotten-export) The symbol "IsAny" needs to be exported by the entry point index.d.ts
+// Warning: (ae-forgotten-export) The symbol "Exact" needs to be exported by the entry point index.d.ts
 // Warning: (ae-forgotten-export) The symbol "RemoveIndexSignature" needs to be exported by the entry point index.d.ts
 //
 // @public (undocumented)
-type ContainsFragmentsRefs<TData> = true extends IsAny<TData> ? false : TData extends object ? " $fragmentRefs" extends keyof RemoveIndexSignature<TData> ? true : ContainsFragmentsRefs<TData[keyof TData]> : false;
+type ContainsFragmentsRefs<TData, Seen = never> = true extends (IsAny<TData>) ? false : TData extends object ? Exact<TData> extends Seen ? false : " $fragmentRefs" extends keyof RemoveIndexSignature<TData> ? true : ContainsFragmentsRefs<TData[keyof TData], Seen | Exact<TData>> : false;
 
 // @public (undocumented)
 interface DataMasking {
@@ -674,6 +675,9 @@ interface DocumentTransformOptions {
 // @public
 type ErrorPolicy = "none" | "ignore" | "all";
 
+// @public (undocumented)
+type Exact<in out T> = (x: T) => T;
+
 // Warning: (ae-forgotten-export) The symbol "ExecutionPatchResultBase" needs to be exported by the entry point index.d.ts
 //
 // @public (undocumented)
diff --git a/.api-reports/api-report-testing.api.md b/.api-reports/api-report-testing.api.md
index c38f15e8bf..0c7b64d8ee 100644
--- a/.api-reports/api-report-testing.api.md
+++ b/.api-reports/api-report-testing.api.md
@@ -477,10 +477,11 @@ class Concast<T> extends Observable<T> {
 type ConcastSourcesIterable<T> = Iterable<Source<T>>;
 
 // Warning: (ae-forgotten-export) The symbol "IsAny" needs to be exported by the entry point index.d.ts
+// Warning: (ae-forgotten-export) The symbol "Exact" needs to be exported by the entry point index.d.ts
 // Warning: (ae-forgotten-export) The symbol "RemoveIndexSignature" needs to be exported by the entry point index.d.ts
 //
 // @public (undocumented)
-type ContainsFragmentsRefs<TData> = true extends IsAny<TData> ? false : TData extends object ? " $fragmentRefs" extends keyof RemoveIndexSignature<TData> ? true : ContainsFragmentsRefs<TData[keyof TData]> : false;
+type ContainsFragmentsRefs<TData, Seen = never> = true extends (IsAny<TData>) ? false : TData extends object ? Exact<TData> extends Seen ? false : " $fragmentRefs" extends keyof RemoveIndexSignature<TData> ? true : ContainsFragmentsRefs<TData[keyof TData], Seen | Exact<TData>> : false;
 
 // @internal (undocumented)
 type CovariantUnaryFunction<out Arg, out Ret> = {
@@ -675,6 +676,9 @@ interface DocumentTransformOptions {
 // @public
 type ErrorPolicy = "none" | "ignore" | "all";
 
+// @public (undocumented)
+type Exact<in out T> = (x: T) => T;
+
 // Warning: (ae-forgotten-export) The symbol "ExecutionPatchResultBase" needs to be exported by the entry point index.d.ts
 //
 // @public (undocumented)
diff --git a/.api-reports/api-report-testing_core.api.md b/.api-reports/api-report-testing_core.api.md
index 884f6b1315..d46a9f55d1 100644
--- a/.api-reports/api-report-testing_core.api.md
+++ b/.api-reports/api-report-testing_core.api.md
@@ -476,10 +476,11 @@ class Concast<T> extends Observable<T> {
 type ConcastSourcesIterable<T> = Iterable<Source<T>>;
 
 // Warning: (ae-forgotten-export) The symbol "IsAny" needs to be exported by the entry point index.d.ts
+// Warning: (ae-forgotten-export) The symbol "Exact" needs to be exported by the entry point index.d.ts
 // Warning: (ae-forgotten-export) The symbol "RemoveIndexSignature" needs to be exported by the entry point index.d.ts
 //
 // @public (undocumented)
-type ContainsFragmentsRefs<TData> = true extends IsAny<TData> ? false : TData extends object ? " $fragmentRefs" extends keyof RemoveIndexSignature<TData> ? true : ContainsFragmentsRefs<TData[keyof TData]> : false;
+type ContainsFragmentsRefs<TData, Seen = never> = true extends (IsAny<TData>) ? false : TData extends object ? Exact<TData> extends Seen ? false : " $fragmentRefs" extends keyof RemoveIndexSignature<TData> ? true : ContainsFragmentsRefs<TData[keyof TData], Seen | Exact<TData>> : false;
 
 // @internal (undocumented)
 type CovariantUnaryFunction<out Arg, out Ret> = {
@@ -674,6 +675,9 @@ interface DocumentTransformOptions {
 // @public
 type ErrorPolicy = "none" | "ignore" | "all";
 
+// @public (undocumented)
+type Exact<in out T> = (x: T) => T;
+
 // Warning: (ae-forgotten-export) The symbol "ExecutionPatchResultBase" needs to be exported by the entry point index.d.ts
 //
 // @public (undocumented)
diff --git a/.api-reports/api-report-utilities.api.md b/.api-reports/api-report-utilities.api.md
index 5cb19b3c19..a09ee2ed13 100644
--- a/.api-reports/api-report-utilities.api.md
+++ b/.api-reports/api-report-utilities.api.md
@@ -607,9 +607,10 @@ export type ConcastSourcesIterable<T> = Iterable<Source<T>>;
 export function concatPagination<T = Reference>(keyArgs?: KeyArgs): FieldPolicy<T[]>;
 
 // Warning: (ae-forgotten-export) The symbol "IsAny" needs to be exported by the entry point index.d.ts
+// Warning: (ae-forgotten-export) The symbol "Exact" needs to be exported by the entry point index.d.ts
 //
 // @public (undocumented)
-type ContainsFragmentsRefs<TData> = true extends IsAny<TData> ? false : TData extends object ? " $fragmentRefs" extends keyof RemoveIndexSignature<TData> ? true : ContainsFragmentsRefs<TData[keyof TData]> : false;
+type ContainsFragmentsRefs<TData, Seen = never> = true extends (IsAny<TData>) ? false : TData extends object ? Exact<TData> extends Seen ? false : " $fragmentRefs" extends keyof RemoveIndexSignature<TData> ? true : ContainsFragmentsRefs<TData[keyof TData], Seen | Exact<TData>> : false;
 
 // @public (undocumented)
 export function createFragmentMap(fragments?: FragmentDefinitionNode[]): FragmentMap;
@@ -981,6 +982,9 @@ namespace EntityStore {
 // @public
 type ErrorPolicy = "none" | "ignore" | "all";
 
+// @public (undocumented)
+type Exact<in out T> = (x: T) => T;
+
 // Warning: (ae-forgotten-export) The symbol "ExecutionPatchResultBase" needs to be exported by the entry point index.d.ts
 //
 // @public (undocumented)
diff --git a/.api-reports/api-report.api.md b/.api-reports/api-report.api.md
index e91fa9f983..850d6e603b 100644
--- a/.api-reports/api-report.api.md
+++ b/.api-reports/api-report.api.md
@@ -577,10 +577,11 @@ type ConcastSourcesIterable<T> = Iterable<Source<T>>;
 export const concat: typeof ApolloLink.concat;
 
 // Warning: (ae-forgotten-export) The symbol "IsAny" needs to be exported by the entry point index.d.ts
+// Warning: (ae-forgotten-export) The symbol "Exact" needs to be exported by the entry point index.d.ts
 // Warning: (ae-forgotten-export) The symbol "RemoveIndexSignature" needs to be exported by the entry point index.d.ts
 //
 // @public (undocumented)
-type ContainsFragmentsRefs<TData> = true extends IsAny<TData> ? false : TData extends object ? " $fragmentRefs" extends keyof RemoveIndexSignature<TData> ? true : ContainsFragmentsRefs<TData[keyof TData]> : false;
+type ContainsFragmentsRefs<TData, Seen = never> = true extends (IsAny<TData>) ? false : TData extends object ? Exact<TData> extends Seen ? false : " $fragmentRefs" extends keyof RemoveIndexSignature<TData> ? true : ContainsFragmentsRefs<TData[keyof TData], Seen | Exact<TData>> : false;
 
 // @public (undocumented)
 export const createHttpLink: (linkOptions?: HttpOptions) => ApolloLink;
@@ -903,6 +904,9 @@ namespace EntityStore {
 // @public
 export type ErrorPolicy = "none" | "ignore" | "all";
 
+// @public (undocumented)
+type Exact<in out T> = (x: T) => T;
+
 // @public (undocumented)
 export const execute: typeof ApolloLink.execute;
 
diff --git a/.changeset/chilly-icons-shave.md b/.changeset/chilly-icons-shave.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d550c5a48f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.changeset/chilly-icons-shave.md
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+"@apollo/client": patch
+---
+
+Data masking: prevent infinite recursion of `ContainsFragmentsRefs` type
diff --git a/src/masking/__benches__/types.bench.ts b/src/masking/__benches__/types.bench.ts
index c96231a96a..0ae97b7edc 100644
--- a/src/masking/__benches__/types.bench.ts
+++ b/src/masking/__benches__/types.bench.ts
@@ -577,3 +577,18 @@ test("detects `$fragmentRefs` on types with index signatures", (prefix) => {
     }>();
   });
 });
+
+test("recursive types: no error 'Type instantiation is excessively deep and possibly infinite.'", (prefix) => {
+  // this type is self-recursive
+  type Source = import("graphql").IntrospectionQuery;
+
+  bench(prefix + "instantiations", () => {
+    return {} as MaybeMasked<Source>;
+  }).types([6, "instantiations"]);
+
+  bench(prefix + "functionality", () => {
+    const x = {} as MaybeMasked<Source>;
+
+    expectTypeOf(x).branded.toEqualTypeOf<Source>();
+  });
+});
diff --git a/src/masking/internal/types.ts b/src/masking/internal/types.ts
index 4c769de426..828734a893 100644
--- a/src/masking/internal/types.ts
+++ b/src/masking/internal/types.ts
@@ -182,10 +182,13 @@ export type RemoveMaskedMarker<T> = Omit<T, "__masked">;
 export type RemoveFragmentName<T> =
   T extends any ? Omit<T, " $fragmentName"> : T;
 
-export type ContainsFragmentsRefs<TData> =
-  true extends IsAny<TData> ? false
-  : TData extends object ?
-    " $fragmentRefs" extends keyof RemoveIndexSignature<TData> ?
-      true
-    : ContainsFragmentsRefs<TData[keyof TData]>
-  : false;
+type Exact<in out T> = (x: T) => T;
+export type ContainsFragmentsRefs<TData, Seen = never> = true extends (
+  IsAny<TData>
+) ?
+  false
+: TData extends object ?
+  Exact<TData> extends Seen ? false
+  : " $fragmentRefs" extends keyof RemoveIndexSignature<TData> ? true
+  : ContainsFragmentsRefs<TData[keyof TData], Seen | Exact<TData>>
+: false;